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The Iron Law of Woke Projection: Understanding the Phenomenon
Have you ever noticed a pattern? A vocal advocate for social justice, suddenly embroiled in a scandal that directly contradicts their publicly espoused values? This isn't a coincidence, some argue, but an example of the "Iron Law of Woke Projection." This isn't about dismissing genuine efforts towards social good; instead, it's about dissecting a recurring phenomenon where individuals or groups exhibiting a strong public commitment to certain ideals seem to fall prey to hypocrisy, often on a dramatic scale. This post will explore the various facets of this complex phenomenon, delving into its potential causes, its impact on public discourse, and offering a nuanced perspective on its implications.
What is the Iron Law of Woke Projection?
The "Iron Law of Woke Projection," while lacking a formal academic definition, describes the observed tendency for individuals or groups intensely advocating for specific moral or social ideals to later exhibit behavior that directly contradicts those ideals. It's not simply about inconsistencies; it's about a striking dissonance between the public persona and private actions, often resulting in a significant loss of credibility and a sense of betrayal among their supporters. This is not a dismissal of progressive ideas but an examination of a pattern worth exploring.
Understanding the Psychological Mechanisms:
Several psychological factors may contribute to this phenomenon:
1. Cognitive Dissonance:
This theory suggests that individuals experience discomfort when holding conflicting beliefs or engaging in behavior inconsistent with their values. To alleviate this discomfort, they may rationalize their actions, downplay the contradiction, or even project their own shortcomings onto others. In the context of woke projection, an individual might publicly champion ethical behavior while privately engaging in unethical conduct, justifying their actions through various mental gymnastics.
2. Moral Superiority Complex:
A strong sense of moral superiority can ironically lead to a sense of entitlement and a belief that one is above the rules they advocate for others. This can manifest as hypocrisy where the individual believes their intentions justify their actions, regardless of the consequences.
3. Social Pressure and Performative Activism:
The pressure to conform to certain social norms, particularly within activist circles, can lead to performative activism – outwardly demonstrating support for a cause without genuine internal commitment. This can create a façade of virtue that ultimately collapses under scrutiny.
4. The Dunning-Kruger Effect: This cognitive bias suggests that individuals with low competence in a particular area tend to overestimate their abilities. In the context of social justice, this could lead to individuals advocating for complex issues with insufficient understanding, resulting in actions that inadvertently contradict their intentions.
The Impact on Public Discourse:
The Iron Law of Woke Projection has significant implications for public discourse. When prominent figures exhibiting such behavior are exposed, it can lead to:
1. Erosion of Trust:
Public trust in social justice movements and their advocates can erode significantly.
2. Increased Cynicism:
This can lead to increased public cynicism about social and political causes, potentially hindering genuine progress.
3. Polarization:
Such instances can be used by opposing groups to discredit the entire movement, furthering political polarization.
Beyond the Negative:
It's crucial to avoid a simplistic interpretation of this phenomenon. The observation of woke projection isn't an argument against social justice or progressive causes. Instead, it highlights the importance of self-reflection, accountability, and genuine commitment to the ideals one espouses. It serves as a reminder that upholding moral standards requires consistent effort and a willingness to confront one's own flaws and contradictions.
Conclusion:
The "Iron Law of Woke Projection" highlights a complex interplay of psychological factors and social pressures. While the term itself is controversial and lacks rigorous academic backing, the underlying phenomenon – the dissonance between professed values and actual behavior – is worthy of careful consideration. Recognizing this pattern can encourage a more critical and nuanced approach to public discourse, fostering greater accountability and ultimately, contributing to more meaningful and effective social change.
FAQs:
1. Is the "Iron Law of Woke Projection" a scientifically proven concept? No, it's not a formally established scientific law. It's an observation of a recurring pattern in social and political discourse.
2. Does this phenomenon apply only to individuals on the left? No, the principle of hypocrisy isn't limited to any specific political ideology. It's a human trait that can manifest across the political spectrum.
3. How can we prevent woke projection? Increased self-awareness, a commitment to ethical behavior, and holding individuals accountable for their actions are crucial steps.
4. What is the difference between genuine mistakes and deliberate hypocrisy? The intent is key. Genuine mistakes are acknowledged and corrected, while deliberate hypocrisy involves a conscious disregard for one's professed values.
5. Is it fair to label someone's actions as "woke projection"? It's crucial to avoid using such labels judgmentally. Focus on the behavior itself and the potential underlying causes, rather than assigning simplistic labels.
| iron law of woke projection: The Utopia of Rules David Graeber, 2015-02-24 From the author of the international bestseller Debt: The First 5,000 Years comes a revelatory account of the way bureaucracy rules our lives Where does the desire for endless rules, regulations, and bureaucracy come from? How did we come to spend so much of our time filling out forms? And is it really a cipher for state violence? To answer these questions, the anthropologist David Graeber—one of our most important and provocative thinkers—traces the peculiar and unexpected ways we relate to bureaucracy today, and reveals how it shapes our lives in ways we may not even notice…though he also suggests that there may be something perversely appealing—even romantic—about bureaucracy. Leaping from the ascendance of right-wing economics to the hidden meanings behind Sherlock Holmes and Batman, The Utopia of Rules is at once a powerful work of social theory in the tradition of Foucault and Marx, and an entertaining reckoning with popular culture that calls to mind Slavoj Zizek at his most accessible. An essential book for our times, The Utopia of Rules is sure to start a million conversations about the institutions that rule over us—and the better, freer world we should, perhaps, begin to imagine for ourselves. |
| iron law of woke projection: Cynical Theories Helen Pluckrose, James A. Lindsay, 2020-05-05 Wall Street Journal, USA Today, and Publishers Weekly Bestseller! Times, Sunday Times, and Financial Times Book-of-the-Year Selection! Have you heard that language is violence and that science is sexist? Have you read that certain people shouldn't practice yoga or cook Chinese food? Or been told that being obese is healthy, that there is no such thing as biological sex, or that only white people can be racist? Are you confused by these ideas, and do you wonder how they have managed so quickly to challenge the very logic of Western society? In this probing and intrepid volume, Helen Pluckrose and James Lindsay document the evolution of the dogma that informs these ideas, from its coarse origins in French postmodernism to its refinement within activist academic fields. Today this dogma is recognizable as much by its effects, such as cancel culture and social-media dogpiles, as by its tenets, which are all too often embraced as axiomatic in mainstream media: knowledge is a social construct; science and reason are tools of oppression; all human interactions are sites of oppressive power play; and language is dangerous. As Pluckrose and Lindsay warn, the unchecked proliferation of these anti-Enlightenment beliefs present a threat not only to liberal democracy but also to modernity itself. While acknowledging the need to challenge the complacency of those who think a just society has been fully achieved, Pluckrose and Lindsay break down how this often-radical activist scholarship does far more harm than good, not least to those marginalized communities it claims to champion. They also detail its alarmingly inconsistent and illiberal ethics. Only through a proper understanding of the evolution of these ideas, they conclude, can those who value science, reason, and consistently liberal ethics successfully challenge this harmful and authoritarian orthodoxy—in the academy, in culture, and beyond. |
| iron law of woke projection: A Critique of Adjudication [fin de Sicle] Duncan Kennedy, 2009-06-01 A major statement from one of the foremost legal theorists of our day, this book offers a penetrating look into the political nature of legal, and especially judicial, decision making. It is also the first sustained attempt to integrate the American approach to law, an uneasy balance of deep commitment and intense skepticism, with the Continental tradition in social theory, philosophy, and psychology. At the center of this work is the question of how politics affects judicial activity-and how, in turn, lawmaking by judges affects American politics. Duncan Kennedy considers opposing views about whether law is political in character and, if so, how. He puts forward an original, distinctive, and remarkably lucid theory of adjudication that includes accounts of both judicial rhetoric and the experience of judging. With an eye to the current state of theory, legal or otherwise, he also includes a provocative discussion of postmodernism. Ultimately concerned with the practical consequences of ideas about the law, A Critique of Adjudication explores the aspects and implications of adjudication as few books have in this century. As a comprehensive and powerfully argued statement of a critical position in modern American legal thought, it will be essential to any balanced picture of the legal, political, and cultural life of our nation. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind Julian Jaynes, 2000-08-15 National Book Award Finalist: “This man’s ideas may be the most influential, not to say controversial, of the second half of the twentieth century.”—Columbus Dispatch At the heart of this classic, seminal book is Julian Jaynes's still-controversial thesis that human consciousness did not begin far back in animal evolution but instead is a learned process that came about only three thousand years ago and is still developing. The implications of this revolutionary scientific paradigm extend into virtually every aspect of our psychology, our history and culture, our religion—and indeed our future. “Don’t be put off by the academic title of Julian Jaynes’s The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. Its prose is always lucid and often lyrical…he unfolds his case with the utmost intellectual rigor.”—The New York Times “When Julian Jaynes . . . speculates that until late in the twentieth millennium BC men had no consciousness but were automatically obeying the voices of the gods, we are astounded but compelled to follow this remarkable thesis.”—John Updike, The New Yorker “He is as startling as Freud was in The Interpretation of Dreams, and Jaynes is equally as adept at forcing a new view of known human behavior.”—American Journal of Psychiatry |
| iron law of woke projection: The New Sultan Soner Çaǧaptay, 2017 In a world of rising tensions between Russia and the United States, the Middle East and Europe, Sunnis and Shiites, Islamism and liberalism, Turkey is at the epicentre. And at the heart of Turkey is its right-wing populist president, Recep Tayyip Erdo?an. Since 2002, Erdo?an has consolidated his hold on domestic politics while using military and diplomatic means to solidify Turkey as a regional power. His crackdown has been brutal and consistent - scores of journalists arrested, academics officially banned from leaving the country, university deans fired and many of the highest-ranking military officers arrested. In some senses, the nefarious and failed 2016 coup has given Erdo?an the licence to make good on his repeated promise to bring order and stability under a 'strongman'. Here, leading Turkish expert Soner Cagaptay will look at Erdo?an's roots in Turkish history, what he believes in and how he has cemented his rule, as well as what this means for the world. The book will also unpick the 'threats' Erdogan has worked to combat - from the liberal Turks to the Gulen movement, from coup plotters to Kurdish nationalists - all of which have culminated in the crisis of modern Turkey.--Bloomsbury Publishing. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life Erving Goffman, 2021-09-29 A notable contribution to our understanding of ourselves. This book explores the realm of human behavior in social situations and the way that we appear to others. Dr. Goffman uses the metaphor of theatrical performance as a framework. Each person in everyday social intercourse presents himself and his activity to others, attempts to guide and cotnrol the impressions they form of him, and employs certain techniques in order to sustain his performance, just as an actor presents a character to an audience. The discussions of these social techniques offered here are based upon detailed research and observation of social customs in many regions. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Chrysalids John Wyndham, 2021-08-31 In a post-apocalyptic Labrador, the survivors live by strict religious beliefs and practice eugenics to maintain normality. Mutations are considered blasphemies and punished. David, a telepathic boy, befriends Sophie, who has a secret mutation. As they face persecution, they escape to the lawless Fringes. With the help of telepaths and society in Sealand, they evade hunters, find rescue and plan to return for Rachel, another telepath left behind in Waknuk. |
| iron law of woke projection: Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism Fredric Jameson, 1992-01-06 Now in paperback, Fredric Jameson’s most wide-ranging work seeks to crystalize a definition of ”postmodernism”. Jameson’s inquiry looks at the postmodern across a wide landscape, from “high” art to “low” from market ideology to architecture, from painting to “punk” film, from video art to literature. |
| iron law of woke projection: Living on the Land Nathalie Kermoal , Isabel Altamirano-Jiménez, 2016-07-04 From a variety of methodological perspectives, contributors to Living on the Land explore the nature and scope of Indigenous women’s knowledge, its rootedness in relationships, both human and spiritual, and its inseparability from land and landscape. The authors discuss the integral role of women as stewards of the land and governors of the community and points to a distinctive set of challenges and possibilities for Indigenous women and their communities. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Critical Turn in Education Isaac Gottesman, 2016-03-17 The Critical Turn in Education traces the historical emergence and development of critical theories in the field of education, from the introduction of Marxist and other radical social theories in the 1960s to the contemporary critical landscape. The book begins by tracing the first waves of critical scholarship in the field through a close, contextual study of the intellectual and political projects of several core figures including, Paulo Freire, Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Michael Apple, and Henry Giroux. Later chapters offer a discussion of feminist critiques, the influx of postmodernist and poststructuralist ideas in education, and critical theories of race. While grounded in U.S. scholarship, The Critical Turn in Education contextualizes the development of critical ideas and political projects within a larger international history, and charts the ongoing theoretical debates that seek to explain the relationship between school and society. Today, much of the language of this critical turn has now become commonplace—words such as hegemony, ideology, and the term critical itself—but by providing a historical analysis, The Critical Turn in Education illuminates the complexity and nuance of these theoretical tools, which offer ways of understanding the intersections between individual identities and structural forces in an attempt to engage and overturn social injustice. |
| iron law of woke projection: Critical Theory Today Lois Tyson, 2012-09-10 Critical Theory Today is the essential introduction to contemporary criticial theory. It provides clear, simple explanations and concrete examples of complex concepts, making a wide variety of commonly used critical theories accessible to novices without sacrificing any theoretical rigor or thoroughness. This new edition provides in-depth coverage of the most common approaches to literary analysis today: feminism, psychoanalysis, Marxism, reader-response theory, new criticism, structuralism and semiotics, deconstruction, new historicism, cultural criticism, lesbian/gay/queer theory, African American criticism, and postcolonial criticism. The chapters provide an extended explanation of each theory, using examples from everyday life, popular culture, and literary texts; a list of specific questions critics who use that theory ask about literary texts; an interpretation of F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby through the lens of each theory; a list of questions for further practice to guide readers in applying each theory to different literary works; and a bibliography of primary and secondary works for further reading. |
| iron law of woke projection: CORROSIVE IMPACT OF TRANSGENDER IDEOLOGY. JOANNA. WILLIAMS, 2020 |
| iron law of woke projection: Last Best Hope George Packer, 2021-06-15 One of The New York Times's 100 notable books of 2021 [George Packer's] account of America’s decline into destructive tribalism is always illuminating and often dazzling. —William Galston, The Washington Post Acclaimed National Book Award-winning author George Packer diagnoses America’s descent into a failed state, and envisions a path toward overcoming our injustices, paralyses, and divides In the year 2020, Americans suffered one rude blow after another to their health, livelihoods, and collective self-esteem. A ruthless pandemic, an inept and malign government response, polarizing protests, and an election marred by conspiracy theories left many citizens in despair about their country and its democratic experiment. With pitiless precision, the year exposed the nation’s underlying conditions—discredited elites, weakened institutions, blatant inequalities—and how difficult they are to remedy. In Last Best Hope, George Packer traces the shocks back to their sources. He explores the four narratives that now dominate American life: Free America, which imagines a nation of separate individuals and serves the interests of corporations and the wealthy; Smart America, the world view of Silicon Valley and the professional elite; Real America, the white Christian nationalism of the heartland; and Just America, which sees citizens as members of identity groups that inflict or suffer oppression. In lively and biting prose, Packer shows that none of these narratives can sustain a democracy. To point a more hopeful way forward, he looks for a common American identity and finds it in the passion for equality—the “hidden code”—that Americans of diverse persuasions have held for centuries. Today, we are challenged again to fight for equality and renew what Alexis de Tocqueville called “the art” of self-government. In its strong voice and trenchant analysis, Last Best Hope is an essential contribution to the literature of national renewal. |
| iron law of woke projection: We Yevgeny Zamyatin, 2023-03-06 We is a dystopian novel written by Russian writer Yevgeny Zamyatin. Originally drafted in Russian, the book could be published only abroad. It was translated into English in 1924. Even as the book won a wide readership overseas, the author's satiric depiction led to his banishment under Joseph Stalin's regime in the then USSR. The book's depiction of life under a totalitarian state influenced the other novels of the 20th century. Like Aldous Huxley's Brave New World and George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-four, We describes a future socialist society that has turned out to be not perfect but inhuman. Orwell claimed that Brave New World must be partly derived from We, but Huxley denied this. The novel is set in the future. D-503, a spacecraft engineer, lives in the One State which assists mass surveillance. Here life is scientifically managed. There is no way of referring to people except by their given numbers. The society is run strictly by reason as the primary justification for the construct of the society. By way of formulae and equations outlined by the One State, the individual's behaviour is based on logic. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Right to Be Cold Sheila Watt-Cloutier, 2018-05-01 A “courageous and revelatory memoir” (Naomi Klein) chronicling the life of the leading Indigenous climate change, cultural, and human rights advocate For the first ten years of her life, Sheila Watt-Cloutier traveled only by dog team. Today there are more snow machines than dogs in her native Nunavik, a region that is part of the homeland of the Inuit in Canada. In Inuktitut, the language of Inuit, the elders say that the weather is Uggianaqtuq—behaving in strange and unexpected ways. The Right to Be Cold is Watt-Cloutier’s memoir of growing up in the Arctic reaches of Quebec during these unsettling times. It is the story of an Inuk woman finding her place in the world, only to find her native land giving way to the inexorable warming of the planet. She decides to take a stand against its destruction. The Right to Be Cold is the human story of life on the front lines of climate change, told by a woman who rose from humble beginnings to become one of the most influential Indigenous environmental, cultural, and human rights advocates in the world. Raised by a single mother and grandmother in the small community of Kuujjuaq, Quebec, Watt-Cloutier describes life in the traditional ice-based hunting culture of an Inuit community and reveals how Indigenous life, human rights, and the threat of climate change are inextricably linked. Colonialism intervened in this world and in her life in often violent ways, and she traces her path from Nunavik to Nova Scotia (where she was sent at the age of ten to live with a family that was not her own); to a residential school in Churchill, Manitoba; and back to her hometown to work as an interpreter and student counselor. The Right to Be Cold is at once the intimate coming-of-age story of a remarkable woman, a deeply informed look at the life and culture of an Indigenous community reeling from a colonial history and now threatened by climate change, and a stirring account of an activist’s powerful efforts to safeguard Inuit culture, the Arctic, and the planet. |
| iron law of woke projection: White Fragility Dr. Robin DiAngelo, 2018-06-26 The New York Times best-selling book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when their assumptions about race are challenged, and how these reactions maintain racial inequality. In this “vital, necessary, and beautiful book” (Michael Eric Dyson), antiracist educator Robin DiAngelo deftly illuminates the phenomenon of white fragility and “allows us to understand racism as a practice not restricted to ‘bad people’ (Claudia Rankine). Referring to the defensive moves that white people make when challenged racially, white fragility is characterized by emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and by behaviors including argumentation and silence. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium and prevent any meaningful cross-racial dialogue. In this in-depth exploration, DiAngelo examines how white fragility develops, how it protects racial inequality, and what we can do to engage more constructively. |
| iron law of woke projection: How to Change Your Mind Michael Pollan, 2018-05-15 “Pollan keeps you turning the pages . . . cleareyed and assured.” —New York Times A #1 New York Times Bestseller, New York Times Book Review 10 Best Books of 2018, and New York Times Notable Book A brilliant and brave investigation into the medical and scientific revolution taking place around psychedelic drugs--and the spellbinding story of his own life-changing psychedelic experiences When Michael Pollan set out to research how LSD and psilocybin (the active ingredient in magic mushrooms) are being used to provide relief to people suffering from difficult-to-treat conditions such as depression, addiction and anxiety, he did not intend to write what is undoubtedly his most personal book. But upon discovering how these remarkable substances are improving the lives not only of the mentally ill but also of healthy people coming to grips with the challenges of everyday life, he decided to explore the landscape of the mind in the first person as well as the third. Thus began a singular adventure into various altered states of consciousness, along with a dive deep into both the latest brain science and the thriving underground community of psychedelic therapists. Pollan sifts the historical record to separate the truth about these mysterious drugs from the myths that have surrounded them since the 1960s, when a handful of psychedelic evangelists inadvertently catalyzed a powerful backlash against what was then a promising field of research. A unique and elegant blend of science, memoir, travel writing, history, and medicine, How to Change Your Mind is a triumph of participatory journalism. By turns dazzling and edifying, it is the gripping account of a journey to an exciting and unexpected new frontier in our understanding of the mind, the self, and our place in the world. The true subject of Pollan's mental travelogue is not just psychedelic drugs but also the eternal puzzle of human consciousness and how, in a world that offers us both suffering and joy, we can do our best to be fully present and find meaning in our lives. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Conduct of Life Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1861 |
| iron law of woke projection: Star Maker Olaf Stapledon, 2021-01-08 A human narrator from England is transported out of his body via unexplained means. He realizes he is able to explore space and other planets. After exploring a civilization on another planet in our galaxy at a level of development similar to our own that existed millions of years ago thousands of light years from Earth (the Other Earth) in some detail, his mind merges with that of one of its inhabitants, and as they travel together, they are joined by still more minds or group-minds. This snowballing process is paralleled by the expansion of the book's scale, describing more and more planets in less and less detail. The disembodied travelers encounter many ideas that are interesting from both science-fictional and philosophical points of view. Star Maker tackles philosophical themes such as the essence of life, of birth, decay and death, and the relationship between creation and creator. A pervading theme is that of progressive unity within and between different civilizations. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Uninhabitable Earth David Wallace-Wells, 2019-02-19 #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “The Uninhabitable Earth hits you like a comet, with an overflow of insanely lyrical prose about our pending Armageddon.”—Andrew Solomon, author of The Noonday Demon NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New Yorker • The New York Times Book Review • Time • NPR • The Economist • The Paris Review • Toronto Star • GQ • The Times Literary Supplement • The New York Public Library • Kirkus Reviews It is worse, much worse, than you think. If your anxiety about global warming is dominated by fears of sea-level rise, you are barely scratching the surface of what terrors are possible—food shortages, refugee emergencies, climate wars and economic devastation. An “epoch-defining book” (The Guardian) and “this generation’s Silent Spring” (The Washington Post), The Uninhabitable Earth is both a travelogue of the near future and a meditation on how that future will look to those living through it—the ways that warming promises to transform global politics, the meaning of technology and nature in the modern world, the sustainability of capitalism and the trajectory of human progress. The Uninhabitable Earth is also an impassioned call to action. For just as the world was brought to the brink of catastrophe within the span of a lifetime, the responsibility to avoid it now belongs to a single generation—today’s. LONGLISTED FOR THE PEN/E.O. WILSON LITERARY SCIENCE WRITING AWARD “The Uninhabitable Earth is the most terrifying book I have ever read. Its subject is climate change, and its method is scientific, but its mode is Old Testament. The book is a meticulously documented, white-knuckled tour through the cascading catastrophes that will soon engulf our warming planet.”—Farhad Manjoo, The New York Times “Riveting. . . . Some readers will find Mr. Wallace-Wells’s outline of possible futures alarmist. He is indeed alarmed. You should be, too.”—The Economist “Potent and evocative. . . . Wallace-Wells has resolved to offer something other than the standard narrative of climate change. . . . He avoids the ‘eerily banal language of climatology’ in favor of lush, rolling prose.”—Jennifer Szalai, The New York Times “The book has potential to be this generation’s Silent Spring.”—The Washington Post “The Uninhabitable Earth, which has become a best seller, taps into the underlying emotion of the day: fear. . . . I encourage people to read this book.”—Alan Weisman, The New York Review of Books |
| iron law of woke projection: Class Paul Fussell, 1992 This book describes the living-room artifacts, clothing styles, and intellectual proclivities of American classes from top to bottom. |
| iron law of woke projection: Complete Short Stories Of Ernest Hemingway Ernest Hemingway, 2014-05-22 This stunning collection of short stories by Nobel Prize–winning author, Ernest Hemingway, contains a lifetime of work—ranging from fan favorites to several stories only available in this compilation. In this definitive collection of short stories, you will delight in Ernest Hemingway's most beloved classics such as “The Snows of Kilimanjaro,” “Hills Like White Elephants,” and “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place,” and discover seven new tales published for the first time in this collection. For Hemingway fans The Complete Short Stories is an invaluable treasury. |
| iron law of woke projection: Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner Leslie Neal-Boylan, 2011-11-28 Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner is a key resource for advanced practice nurses and graduate students seeking to test their skills in assessing, diagnosing, and managing cases in family and primary care. Composed of more than 70 cases ranging from common to unique, the book compiles years of experience from experts in the field. It is organized chronologically, presenting cases from neonatal to geriatric care in a standard approach built on the SOAP format. This includes differential diagnosis and a series of critical thinking questions ideal for self-assessment or classroom use. |
| iron law of woke projection: Concerning the Spiritual in Art Wassily Kandinsky, 2012-04-20 Pioneering work by the great modernist painter, considered by many to be the father of abstract art and a leader in the movement to free art from traditional bonds. 12 illustrations. |
| iron law of woke projection: Dams and Public Safety Robert B. Jansen, 1980 |
| iron law of woke projection: The Solar War John French, 2020-11-24 Explore the final stages of the New York Times Bestselling Series The Horus Heresy in this fantastic miniseries, a must have for all fans! After seven years of bitter war, the end has come at last for the conflict known infamously as the Horus Heresy. Terra now lies within the Warmaster’s sights, the Throneworld and the seat of his father’s rule. Horus’ desire is nothing less than the death of the Emperor of Mankind and the utter subjugation of the Imperium. He has become the ascendant vessel of Chaos, and amassed a terrible army with which to enact his will and vengeance. But the way to the Throne will be hard as the primarch Rogal Dorn, the Praetorian and protector of Terra, marshals the defences. First and foremost, Horus must challenge the might of the Sol System itself and the many fleets and bulwarks arrayed there. To gain even a foothold on Terran soil, he must first contend the Solar War. Thus the first stage of the greatest conflict in the history of all mankind begins. |
| iron law of woke projection: Verbal Behavior B. F. Skinner, 2014-05-26 In 1934, at the age of 30, B. F. Skinner found himself at a dinner sitting next to Professor Alfred North Whitehead. Never one to lose an opportunity to promote behaviorism, Skinner expounded its main tenets to the distinguished philosopher. Whitehead acknowledged that science might account for most of human behavior but he would not include verbal behavior. He ended the discussion with a challenge: Let me see you, he said, account for my behavior as I sit here saying, 'No black scorpion is falling upon this table.' The next morning Skinner began this book. It took him over twenty years to complete. This book extends the laboratory-based principles of selection by consequences to account for what people say, write, gesture, and think. Skinner argues that verbal behavior requires a separate analysis because it does not operate on the environment directly, but rather through the behavior of other people in a verbal community. He illustrates his thesis with examples from literature, the arts, and sciences, as well as from his own verbal behavior and that of his colleagues and children. Perhaps it is because this theoretical work provides a way to approach that most human of human behavior that Skinner ofter called Verbal Behavior his most important work. |
| iron law of woke projection: Heterotopia and the City Michiel Dehaene, Lieven De Cauter, 2008-05-15 Heterotopia, literally meaning ‘other place’, is a rich concept in urban design that describes a space that is on the margins of ordered or civil society, and one that possesses multiple, fragmented or even incompatible meanings. The term has had an impact on architectural and urban theory since it was coined by Foucault in the late 1960s but it has remained a source of confusion and debate since. Heterotopia and the City seeks to clarify this concept and investigates the heterotopias which exist throughout our contemporary world: in museums, theme parks, malls, holiday resorts, gated communities, wellness hotels and festival markets. With theoretical contributions on the concept of heterotopia, including a new translation of Foucault’s influential 1967 text, Of Other Space and essays by well-known scholars, the book comprises a series of critical case studies, from Beaubourg to Bilbao, which probe a range of (post)urban transformations and which redirect the debate on the privatization of public space. Wastelands and terrains vagues are studied in detail in a section on urban activism and transgression and the reader gets a glimpse of the extremes of our dualized, postcivil condition through case studies on Jakarta, Dubai, and Kinshasa. Heterotopia and the City provides a collective effort to reposition heterotopia as a crucial concept for contemporary urban theory. The book will be of interest to all those wishing to understand the city in the emerging postcivil society and post-historical era. Planners, architects, cultural theorists, urbanists and academics will find this a valuable contribution to current critical argument. |
| iron law of woke projection: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe C.S. Lewis, 2018 C. S. Lewis was a British author, lay theologian, and contemporary of J.R.R. Tolkien. The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe is the first book in The Chronicles of Narnia. |
| iron law of woke projection: Counter Wokecraft Charles Pincourt, 2021 The Woke ideology is colonizing Western Civilization. This ideology views the world through a Marxist-inspired lens of “systemic power dynamics” that divides us between the “privileged” and the “oppressed.” This colonization has successfully captured many of our noblest and most vital institutions through time-tested strategies and tactics. People from almost every sector of life are concerned about this capture but feel paralyzed and helpless as this ideology activates itself and wields its power. The good news is that Woke tactics are predictable and can be countered. This guide is an invaluable contribution to understanding, recognizing, and ultimately countering “Wokecraft” wherever it appears. While the guide is tailored to the university, its lessons are applicable throughout government, K-12 education, the private sector, churches, and even formal and informal affinity groups. This makes the guide a much-needed contribution as people seek to push back against the destructive Woke ideology. |
| iron law of woke projection: From Russia With Love Ian Fleming, 2022-08-16 DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of From Russia With Love by Ian Fleming. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature. |
| iron law of woke projection: Staying Red Norman Harding, 2005 |
| iron law of woke projection: A New Map for Relationships Martin E. . Hellman, Dorothie L. Hellman, 2016-08-20 Dorothie and Martin Hellman reveal the secrets that allowed them to transform an almost failed marriage into one where they reclaimed the true love that they felt when they first met fifty years ago. Surprisingly, they found that working on interpersonal and international challenges at the same time accelerated progress on both. |
| iron law of woke projection: Proofreading, Revising & Editing Skills Success in 20 Minutes a Day Brady Smith, 2017 In this eBook, you'll learn the principles of grammar and how to manipulate your words until they're just right. Strengthen your revising and editing skills and become a clear and consistent writer. -- |
| iron law of woke projection: The Lost Weekend Charles Jackson, 2013-02-12 The classic tale of one man’s struggle with alcoholism, this revolutionary novel remains Charles Jackson’s best-known book—a daring autobiographical work that paved the way for contemporary addiction literature. It is 1936, and on the East Side of Manhattan, a would-be writer named Don Birnam decides to have a drink. And then another, and then another, until he’s in the midst of what becomes a five-day binge. The Lost Weekend moves with unstoppable speed, propelled by a heartbreaking but unflinching truth. It catapulted Charles Jackson to fame, and endures as an acute study of the ravages of alcoholism, as well as an unforgettable parable of the condition of the modern man. |
| iron law of woke projection: Neurologic Differential Diagnosis Alan B. Ettinger, Deborah M. Weisbrot, 2014-04-17 Unique case-based guide to generating diagnostic possibilities based on the patients' symptoms. Invaluable for psychiatrists and neurologists. |
| iron law of woke projection: Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South Jennifer Erin Salahub, Markus Gottsbacher, John de Boer, Mayssam D. Zaaroura, 2019-05-14 Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South seeks to identify the drivers of urban violence in the cities of the Global South and how they relate to and interact with poverty and inequalities. Drawing on the findings of an ambitious 5-year, 15-project research programme supported by Canada’s International Development Research Centre and the UK’s Department for International Development, the book explores what works, and what doesn't, to prevent and reduce violence in urban centres. Cities in developing countries are often seen as key drivers of economic growth, but they are often also the sites of extreme violence, poverty, and inequality. The research in this book was developed and conducted by researchers from the Global South, who work and live in the countries studied; it challenges many of the assumptions from the Global North about how poverty, violence, and inequalities interact in urban spaces. In so doing, the book demonstrates that accepted understandings of the causes of and solutions to urban violence developed in the Global North should not be imported into the Global South without careful consideration of local dynamics and contexts. Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South concludes by considering the broader implications for policy and practice, offering recommendations for improving interventions to make cities safer and more inclusive. The fresh perspectives and insights offered by this book will be useful to scholars and students of development and urban violence, as well as to practitioners and policymakers working on urban violence reduction programmes. |
| iron law of woke projection: Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte, 2020-12-10 Initially published under the pseudonym Currer Bell in 1847, Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyreerupted onto the English literary scene, immediately winning the devotion of many of the world's most renowned writers, including William Makepeace Thackeray, who declared it a work of great genius. Widely regarded as a revolutionary novel, Brontë's masterpiece introduced the world to a radical new type of heroine, one whose defiant virtue and moral courage departed sharply from the more acquiescent and malleable female characters of the day. Passionate, dramatic, and surprisingly modern, Jane Eyre endures as one of the world's most beloved novels. |
| iron law of woke projection: Alas, Babylon Pat Frank, 2005-07-05 The classic apocalyptic novel that stunned the world. |
| iron law of woke projection: Promises of Power Carl B. Stokes, 1973 |
Iron Law Of Woke Projection Copy - netsec.csuci.edu
What is the Iron Law of Woke Projection? The "Iron Law of Woke Projection," while lacking a formal academic definition, describes the observed tendency for individuals or groups intensely advocating for specific moral or social ideals to later exhibit behavior that directly contradicts …
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Iron Law Of Woke Projection White Fragility Dr. Robin DiAngelo 2018-06-26 The New York Times best-selling book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when their …
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Iron Law Of Woke Projection Global Trends 2030 National Intelligence Council 2018-02-07 This important report, Global Trends 2030-Alternative Worlds, released in 2012 by the U.S. National …
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The Iron Law Of Woke Projection Fault Lines Voddie T. Baucham 2021-04-06 The Ground Is Moving The death of George Floyd at the hands of police in the summer of 2020 shocked the …
PALESTINE VERSUS THE PALESTINIANS? THE IRON LAWS …
An iron law of the conflict over Palestine has been the refusal by the Zionist movement and its backers, first Great Britain and then the ... which is (as these things usually are) the reverse projection of reality: namely, that what needs to be recognized is Israel’s right to exist. In this sense, the boycott of the Palestinian Authority ...
Are There Empirical Foundations for the Iron Law of Financial …
The iron law is a product of the confluence of three factors: i) financial firms’ operating in markets characterized by dynamic innovation and two types of uncertainty – unknown unknowns (future states of the world to which a probability cannot be assigned because they
Marx and the Iron Law of Wages - facstaff.buffalostate.edu
Marx and the Iron Law of Wages Author(s): William J. Baumol Source: The American Economic Review, May, 1983, Vol. 73, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Ninety-Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association (May, 1983), …
Marx and the Iron Law of Wages - JSTOR
Lassalle's "iron law" we commit our-selves to a false thesis with a false ar-gument. [Gotha, Appendix, pp. 40-41] Marx, in Gotha, denounces the Lassallean slogan: "the abolition of the wage system together with the iron law of wages," writ-ing:... Lassalle's attack on wage labour turns almost solely on this so-called law.... But if I take the ...
Reducing Mass Incarceration: Implications of the Iron Law …
the Iron Law of Prison Populations 1 Todd R. Clear* James Austin** Beginning in the 1970s, the United States embarked on a three-decade-long shift in its penal policies. In these years, state and federal governments tripled the percentage of convicted felons sentenced to confinement and doubled the length of their sentences.
Projection Operator in Adaptive Systems - MIT
The application of the projection algorithm in adaptive control is explored below. Lemma 9. If an initial value problem, i.e. adaptive control algorithm with adaptive law and initial conditions, is defined by: 1. θ˙ = Proj(θ,y,f) 2. θ(t =0)=θ0 ∈ Ω1 = {θ ∈ Rk|f(θ) ≤ 1}
Modern History Sourcebook: David Ricardo: The Iron Law of …
The Iron Law of Wages, 1817 David Ricardo (1772-1823), an English banker was also an important early economist. His most well-known argument was that wages "naturally" tended towards a minimum level corresponding to the subsistence needs of the workers. The attraction of this idea for factory owners is evident.
The Iron Law of What Again? Conceptualizing Oligarchy …
iron law was perhaps better understood as an ‘‘aluminum tendency.’’ In the 1980s, a few scholars began to criticize the exclusive focus in the iron law literature on formal bureaucratic organizations (Rothschild and Whitt 1986; Breines 1980). They challenged Michels on the basis of his foundational assumption that all organizations
A Diferent Elite: For a Hegemonic Majority to Break the Iron …
called “iron law of oligarchies” (Michels), i.e. of an inevi-table, immutable, and continuous exchange of ruling elites at the top of the society. These theories challenge the demo-cratic system also by highlighting some of its weak points, such as the legitimacy of its representativity. This paper aims
Steel and iron ore market outlook / Steel debarbonisation
Iron ore trade exposures are pretty close to binary for 4 of the 5 – India and the US/North America are close to self-sufficient, while Japan and Germany are fully reliant on imports. The two measures where the Chinese system is a clear outlier are the interdependent observations on blast furnace (BF) and pig iron (PI) share.
Chapter 3 X-ray diffraction • Bragg’s law • Laue’s condition ...
Bragg’s law Consider a crystal as made out of parallel planes of ions, spaced a distance d apart. The conditions for a sharp peak in the intensity of the scattered radiation are 1. That the x-rays should be specularly reflected by the ions in any one plane and 2. That the reflected rays from successive planes should interfere constructively
Megaprojects. A Special Eye on Sustainability to Overcome …
on Sustainability to Overcome the “Iron Law” Franca Cantoni and Francesca Pagnone Abstract Over the last century, megaprojects have proven to result unsuccess-fully in addressing the expected outcomes. When it comes to respecting budget and schedule constraints, megaprojects are affected by several variables and behav-
Iron Law of Financial Regulation - Hoover Institution
Feb 15, 2024 · – A key contention of the iron law is that the shock to the economic system from a financial crisis results in legislation that has a greater regulatory impact than legislation enacted in non-crisis times • That contention contains two empirical propositions that are investigated:
The Metallurgical Coal Outlook - The Coal Hub
imports of iron ore rose more than 10%, net imports of coking coal fell more than 10%, suggesting why prices have moved in different directions this year. 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Mt ke Total Coke Consumption at …
The Iron Law of Full Faith and Credit - gallantgoose.com
Iron Law. The "One Bite" corollary basically provides that a litigant is entitled to one, and only one, "bite" of the litigation "apple." After the litigant has taken that bite, the Full Faith and Credit Clause precludes the litigant from trying another apple to see if it tastes better.2 0 II. ...
Projection Operator in Adaptive Systems
The application of the projection algorithm in adaptive control is explored below. Lemma 9. If an initial value problem, i.e. adaptive control algorithm with adaptive law and initial conditions, is defined by: 1. θ˙ = Proj(θ,y,f) 2. θ(t =0)=θ0 ∈ Ω1 = {θ ∈ Rk|f(θ) ≤ 1}
The iron law of Erdogan: the decay from intra-party …
The iron law of Erdogan: the decay from intra-party democracy to personalistic rule Caroline Lancaster* Department of Political Science, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina, USA Michels' 'iron law of oligarchy' suggests that oligarchic party rule is inevitable, yet many parties have shown a strong commitment to intra-party democracy.
Natural Government: The Three Iron Laws of the Mixed …
of the mixed constitution since antiquity through “the iron law of three elements” or “the iron laws of the mixed constitution” which are invoked according to specific conditions and natures of the constituent elements. The idea consists of (1) the iron law of democratic element (2) the iron law
Exponent Rules Review Worksheet Answers
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Robert Michels, the Iron Law of Oligarchy and Dynamic …
Robert Michels, the Iron Law of Oligarchy and Dynamic Democracy Hugo Drochon1 On the 5 April 2018 the online site of the Merriam-Webster dictionary reported that lookups for a certain term had risen by 3,000% over the past week, placing it at the
CHAPTER 3: Crystal structures and properties - University of …
of elasticity (E) in BCC iron: • Polycrystals-Properties may/may not vary with direction.-If grains are randomly oriented: isotropic. (Epoly iron = 210 GPa)-If grains are textured, anisotropic. E (diagonal) = 273 GPa E (edge) = 125 GPa 200 μm Data from Table 3.3, Callister 6e. (Source of data is R.W. Hertzberg, Deformation and Fracture Mechanics
Marx and the Iron Law of Wages - Buffalo State College
Marx and the Iron Law of Wages Author(s): William J. Baumol Source: The American Economic Review, May, 1983, Vol. 73, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Ninety-Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association (May, 1983), …
Orthographic Projection and Multiview Constructions
orthographic projection, each of 2D views shows only two of the three dimensions (height, width, and depth) of the 3D object. 4-14 Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD Examining the Glass Box Model 1. Click the Open icon in the Standard toolbar area as shown. 2. In the Select File dialog box, enter the following file name:
IRON, LIEBIG'S LAW, AND THE GREENHOUSE - The …
IRON, LIEBIG'S LAW, AND THE GREENHOUSE "... growth of a plant is dependent on the amount of food stuff which is presented to it in minimum quantity." By John H. Martin BARON JUSTIS VON LIEBIG (1803-1873), the founder of modern organic chemistry, is also rec- ognized as the father of agricultural chemistry. ...
Some Basic Properties of Linear Projections - Northwestern …
In two companion sets of notes, we use the projection theory to derive the Kalman –lter and the Kalman smoother. An Example Let the log wage rate, w, and log price level, p, be given by ... Law of Iterated Projections (LIP) According to LIP P[P(YjW,X)jW] = P[YjW]. Proof: according to the recursive property of projections,
IRON LAW OF PROHIBITION
IRON LAW OF PROHIBITION the harder the enforcement, the harder the drugs Beer & Wine Distilled Spirits Moonshine Passage of the 18th Amendment to the US Constitution in 1919. Circa 1925, automobiles became more available and useful to both law enforcement and alcohol distributors, incentivizing higher potency. strengthened prohibitions
GAIL: The Graph Algorithm Iron Law - University of …
Analogous to how the Iron Law of CPU performance [9, 16] factors execution time into the product of the number of instructions executed, cycles per instruction, and the cycle time, our Graph Algorithm Iron Law (GAIL) factors execu-tion time into the product of the number of traversed edges, the number of memory requests per traversed edge, and the
Laboratories of Oligarchy? How the Iron Law Extends to Peer …
consistent with Michels’ iron law of oligarchy and contradict prevailing theoretical and empirical ndings regarding organizational democracy in peer production. By conducting a comparative analysis across peer production communities, we also contribute a large-scale empirical analysis of the organization of collective
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Beyond the iron law? Large-scale construction projects as …
an “iron law” of chronic underestimation of costs and overestimation of benefits. Big, it seems, is rather associated with “fragility” (Ansar et al., 2017) than with novelty. For another thing, a lack of innovativeness similarly holds for the construction industry in general. Construction firms perform poorly in an inter-industry ...
Ati Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 (PDF)
B. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics A solid understanding of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (pharmacokinetics) and how they produce their effects (pharmacodynamics) is vital.
BOND'S WORK INDEX: WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT ISN'T
given as Equation 1, and is often referred to as “Bond’s equation” or “Bond’s law.” E=10×Wi(1 √P80 − 1 √F80) ( 1 ) Where: 1. E is the specific energy consumption in kWh/t 2. Wi is the work index (see discussion below for the units of this quantity) 3. P80 is the 80% passing size of the product of the comminution process in µm 4.
Robert Michels, the iron law of oligarchy and dynamic …
presents the “iron law of oligarchy” in conclusion to the book as follows: “reduced to its most concise expression, the fundamental sociological law of political parties…may be formulated in the following terms: ‘It is organisation that ...
Electrical Conductivity of Iron in Earth’s Core from …
Mar 14, 2022 · Electrical Conductivity of Iron in Earth’s Core from Microscopic Ohm’s Law Kushal Ramakrishna,1,2, Mani Lokamani,2 Andrew Baczewski,3 Jan Vorberger,2 and Attila Cangi1,2, y 1Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS), D-02826 G orlitz, Germany 2Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), D-01328 Dresden, Germany 3Center for Computing …
Minimum variance projection for direct measurements of …
minimum variance projection can reasonably reproduce the spectral slope of the power-law spectrum if the data represent continuous power-law signals. The spectral slope study using the minimum variance projection is tested against synthetic random data with a power-law spectrum. The method is ap-plicable even for a small number of spatial ...
Limits to Success. The Iron Law of Verhulst - Springer
the “Iron law of Verhulst”, expressing that trees can never grow to heaven. In a deeper analysis this equation illustrates the shifting loop dominance, one of the basic principles of system dynamics. The basic message is that the combination of some few archetypes, like the logistic growth, can afford valuable insight into many
Global Iron Ore Mining Outlook
e/f = Fitch Solutions estimate/forecast. Source: USGS, Fitch Solutions Australia We forecast iron ore production in Australia to grow at an annual average of 1.8% over 2021-2025.
Class, Occupation, Wages and Skills: The Iron Law of Labor …
The Iron Law of Labor Market Inequality Carl le Grand Department of Sociology, Stockholm University carl.legrand@sociology.su.se Michael Tåhlin Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI),
Computer Architecture - Jose) Hu
The Iron Law is the formal way of comparing processor performance. Compilers, determined by algorithm, compiler, & ISA (CPI) Processor design, determined by ISA & CPU datapath Chip realization, determined by circuit design and manufacturing Terms are inter-related. Do NOT only optimize for an isolate term (e.g., changing ISA to decrease ...
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Introduction: The Iron Law of Megaproject Management
the "iron law of megaprojects" is identified as a main challenge to megaproject management: "Over budget, over time, under benefits, over and over again." Finally, the main structure of the Handbook is set out as covering the what, the why, and the how of megaproject management, in terms of the challenges, causes, and cures that
Robert Michels and the Iron Law of Oligarchy - Cornell …
in what Michels’ referred to as the “iron law of oligarchy” are sketched, followed by a brief discussion of some of the implications of this analysis for social movement researchers. Drawing on his own disillusioning experiences as a member and supporter of a socially
Governance, Organization, and Democracy on the Internet: …
Internet: The Iron Law and the Evolution of Wikipedia Piotr Konieczny To cite this version: Piotr Konieczny. Governance, Organization, and Democracy on the Internet: The Iron Law and the Evolution of Wikipedia. Sociological Forum, 2009, 24 (1), pp.162-192. 10.1111/j.1573-7861.2008.01090.x. hal-01580965
Math 2270 - Lecture 22 : Projections - University of Utah
Example - Calculate the projection of the vector 2 3 onto the line spanned by the vector 1 1 . 2 Projection Onto a Subspace A line in Rm is a one-dimensional subspace. Suppose we have a higher-dimensional subspace V, and we want to project a vector b onto it. First, we need a description of V, and the best description is a set of basis vec-tors.
Engr210a Lecture 8: The projection theorem - Stanford …
8 - 8 The projection theorem 2001.10.24.01 Proof of the projection theorem Existence: • Suppose b ∈ M, otherwise the optimal x is x opt = b and we are done. • Let δ =inf x − b; x ∈ M.Wewishtofind x ∈ M with x − b = δ. • Let {x 0,x 1,...} be a sequence such that x i − b → δ as i →∞. We will show that lim i →∞ x i ...
Las Metamorfosis De Ovidio Pdf
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THE IRON LAW OF EVALUATION AND OTHER METALLIC …
The Stainless Steel Law appears to be more likely to hold up over a The Iron LawofEvaluation and OtherMetallic Rules 7 large series ofcases than the moregeneral Iron Law. This is because the fiercest competition as an explanation for the seeming success of any program—especially human services programs—ordinarily is either self
Franz Kafka: Bureaucracy, Law and Abuses of the ‘Iron Cage’
4 While much attention has been paid to Kafka’s marginal status and his life in a multi-cultural world, the importance of his work life has only recently been recognized,
Why Michels’ ‘iron law of oligarchy’ is not an iron law – and …
opinion, the iron law of oligarchy is a ‘sociological law of universal validity’ (p. 210). Michels even called it the ‘law of the historic necessity of oligarchy’ (p. 240, italics added).
Projection Theorems and Estimating Equations for Power …
Cauchy distribution, Divergence, Estimating equation, Power-law family, Projection theorem, Student distribution. I. INTRODUCTION Divergence is a non-negative extended real-valued function D defined for any pair of probability distributions (p,q) satisfying D(p,q) = 0 if and only if p = q. Minimum divergence (or distance)
