Early American Cast

Early American Cast: A Deep Dive into History, Style, and Collectibility

Stepping into the world of Early American cast iron is like stepping back in time. This isn't just about old pieces of metal; it's about uncovering stories of craftsmanship, ingenuity, and the evolution of American home life. This comprehensive guide will explore the fascinating history of Early American cast iron, its defining stylistic characteristics, and the factors influencing its value for collectors today. We'll delve into identification techniques, common pieces to look for, and how to care for your treasured finds. Whether you're a seasoned collector or just beginning your journey, get ready to appreciate the enduring appeal of Early American cast iron.

Understanding the Era and its Casting Techniques

Early American cast iron, broadly referring to pieces produced from the colonial period through the early 19th century, reflects a period of significant technological and social change. The development of reliable blast furnaces and improved casting techniques allowed for the mass production (relative to the time) of functional and decorative objects previously crafted from more expensive materials like wrought iron or wood. This period saw the emergence of skilled foundry workers who pushed the boundaries of design and utility.

Key Characteristics of Early American Casting:

Simple, Functional Designs: Early pieces often prioritized practicality over elaborate ornamentation. Think sturdy cookware, simple fireplace tools, and utilitarian hardware.
Heavy Gauge Metal: Early American cast iron is typically thicker and heavier than later reproductions, a key factor in authentication.
Crude Casting Marks: While not always present, imperfections like air bubbles, sand inclusions, and uneven surfaces are common indicators of hand-poured castings.
Limited Ornamentation: Early ornamentation, when present, is usually understated and geometric, often consisting of simple repeating patterns or raised lettering.

The Evolution of Casting Technology:

The process evolved over time. Early casting relied on more rudimentary techniques, resulting in characteristic imperfections. As technology improved, designs became slightly more refined, though the emphasis on sturdy functionality remained paramount.

Identifying Authentic Early American Cast Iron

Distinguishing genuine Early American cast iron from later reproductions requires careful observation. Here’s how to tell the difference:

Key Identification Points:

Markings: Look for maker's marks, although these are not always present on early pieces. These marks can provide valuable clues to origin and age.
Metal Composition: While not easily determined at home, the metal composition itself can offer clues to authenticity. Professional analysis can confirm the age and type of iron used.
Condition: While age brings patina, severe damage or excessive repair can indicate a less valuable or authentic piece.
Style: Familiarize yourself with the typical designs and patterns of the era to differentiate genuine pieces from modern imitations.

Popular Categories of Early American Cast Iron Collectibles

The range of collectible Early American cast iron is vast, encompassing numerous categories:

High-Demand Items:

Antique Cookware: Dutch ovens, skillets, and griddles are highly sought after, especially those with intact original handles and markings.
Fireplace Accessories: Andirons, firebacks, and tools like pokers and tongs are popular collector’s items, often displaying intricate detailing.
Hardware: Door hinges, latches, and other building hardware offer a glimpse into the construction techniques of the time.

Less Common But Equally Valuable:

Weights and Measures: Antique scales and weights are intriguing examples of the era's technology and commerce.
Ornamental Pieces: While less common, decorative items like garden ornaments or furniture components can be surprisingly valuable.
Architectural Elements: Architectural salvage, such as decorative brackets or fence posts, holds unique appeal for collectors.

Caring for Your Early American Cast Iron Treasures

Proper care is crucial for preserving the value and integrity of your collection.

Cleaning and Maintenance:

Avoid harsh chemicals and abrasive cleaners. Gentle scrubbing with warm soapy water and a soft brush is generally sufficient. Regular waxing can help protect the surface and enhance its appearance.

Storage and Display:

Store your pieces in a cool, dry environment to prevent rust and damage. Proper display can showcase your collection while minimizing wear and tear.

Conclusion

The world of Early American cast iron offers a captivating journey through history, craftsmanship, and design. By understanding the era's techniques, identifying authentic pieces, and implementing proper care, you can appreciate and safeguard these remarkable artifacts for generations to come. Whether you are drawn to its utilitarian beauty or its historical significance, the allure of Early American cast iron is undeniable.

FAQs

1. How can I determine the value of my Early American cast iron piece? Contacting an appraiser specializing in antiques is the best way to determine a fair market value. Online resources offer price guides but should not be considered definitive.

2. Are there any telltale signs of a reproduction? Reproductions often lack the characteristic imperfections of hand-poured castings, showing more uniform surfaces and less variation in thickness. The metal might also feel lighter than an authentic piece.

3. Where are the best places to find Early American cast iron? Antique shops, flea markets, online auction sites, and estate sales are all excellent places to search.

4. What types of finishes are appropriate for cleaning and preserving my cast iron? Natural oils like linseed oil or beeswax are safe and effective finishes for preserving the patina and protecting the metal.

5. How can I protect my cast iron from rust? Regular waxing and storing it in a dry environment will help prevent rust. If rust does appear, use a wire brush to remove loose rust and apply a suitable rust inhibitor.


  early american cast: Early American Cast Iron Holloware 1645-1900 John Tyler, 2014-01-28 A resource about cast iron holloware of the pre-Griswold and Wagner era, this book discusses cast iron pots, skillets, kettles, teakettles, and more, from the seventeenth through nineteenth centuries.--
  early american cast: The Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Early American Republic, 1783–1812 [3 volumes] Spencer C. Tucker, 2014-06-11 Relatively little attention has been paid to American military history between 1783 and 1812—arguably the most formative years of the United States. This encyclopedia fills the void in existing literature and provides greater understanding of how the nation evolved during this era. This encyclopedia offers a comprehensive examination of U.S. military history from the beginning of the republic in 1783 up to the eve of war with Great Britain in 1812. It enables a detailed study of the Early Republic, during which ideological and political divisions occurred over the fledgling U.S. military. The entries cover all the important battles, key individuals, weapons, Indian nations, and treaties, as well as numerous social, political, cultural, and economic developments during this period. The contents of the work will enable readers at the high school, college, university, and even graduate level to comprehend how political parties emerged, and how ideological differences over the organization, size, and use of the military developed. Larger global developments, including Anglo-American and Franco-American interactions, relations between Middle Eastern states and the United States, and relations and warfare between the U.S. government and various Indian nations are also detailed. The extensive and detailed bibliographies will be immensely helpful to learners at all levels.
  early american cast: Early American Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases Bartlett Jere Whiting, 1977 p.B. J. Whiting savors proverbial expressions and has devoted much of his lifetime to studying and collecting them; no one knows more about British and American proverbs than he. The present volume, based upon writings in British North America from the earliest settlements to approximately 1820, complements his and Archer Taylor's Dictionary of American Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases, 1820-1880. It differs from that work and from other standard collections, however, in that its sources are primarily not literary but instead workaday writings - letters, diaries, histories, travel books, political pamphlets, and the like. The authors represent a wide cross-section of the populace, from scholars and statesmen to farmers, shopkeepers, sailors, and hunters. Mr. Whiting has combed all the obvious sources and hundreds of out-of-the-way publications of local journals and historical societies. This body of material, because it covers territory that has not been extracted and compiled in a scholarly way before, can justly be said to be the most valuable of all those that Whiting has brought together, according to Albert B. Friedman. What makes the work important is Whiting's authority: a proverb or proverbial phrase is what BJW thinks is a proverb or proverbial phrase. There is no objective operative definition of any value, no divining rod; his tact, 'feel, ' experience, determine what's the real thing and what is spurious.
  early american cast: Early American Cinema in Transition Charlie Keil, 2001-12-10 The period 1907–1913 marks a crucial transitional moment in American cinema. As moving picture shows changed from mere novelty to an increasingly popular entertainment, fledgling studios responded with longer running times and more complex storytelling. A growing trade press and changing production procedures also influenced filmmaking. In Early American Cinema in Transition, Charlie Keil looks at a broad cross-section of fiction films to examine the formal changes in cinema of this period and the ways that filmmakers developed narrative techniques to suit the fifteen-minute, one-reel format. Keil outlines the kinds of narratives that proved most suitable for a single reel’s duration, the particular demands that time and space exerted on this early form of film narration, and the ways filmmakers employed the unique features of a primarily visual medium to craft stories that would appeal to an audience numbering in the millions. He underscores his analysis with a detailed look at six films: The Boy Detective; The Forgotten Watch; Rose O’Salem-Town; Cupid’s Monkey Wrench; Belle Boyd, A Confederate Spy; and Suspense.
  early american cast: After the Revolution: Profiles of Early American Culture Joseph J. Ellis, 2002-03-17 Through portraits of four figures—Charles Willson Peale, Hugh Henry Brackenridge, William Dunlap, and Noah Webster—Joseph Ellis provides a unique perspective on the role of culture in post-Revolutionary America, both its high expectations and its frustrations. An entrepreneur, a writer who wanted to depict an ideal society, a dramatist who tried to reconcile high aesthetic standards and populism, and a Connecticut Yankee who ran into the contradictions of conservatism and liberalism—each of the four men depicted in this book had a vision of what kind of society post-Revolutionary America should be. Through portraits of these bellwether figures, the prize-winning historian Joseph J. Ellis examines the currents that were shaping the new country.
  early american cast: Early American Decorative Arts, 1620-1860 Rosemary Troy Krill, 2010-08-16 Winterthur Museum is world renowned for its decorative arts collections and its exceptional educational programs. Adapted from the training materials developed at the museum, the revised and enhanced Early American Decorative Arts, 1620-1860: A Handbook for Interpreters is an indispensable guide for anyone involved with interpretation of decorative arts collections. Early American Decorative Arts, 1620-1860 elucidates the principles of public interpretation, explains how to analyze objects, and defines the concept of style. Eighteen chapters provide comprehensive descriptions of decorative arts including furniture, ceramics, textiles, paintings and prints, metalwork, glass, and other objects. Many museums and historic sites display such collections to thousands of visitors annually. Guides, interpreters, educators, and collection managers will find this book a helpful summary and a guide to further research. This enhanced edition includes now includes a CD featuring beautiful color images of the more than 170 black-and-white photographs in the book, bringing the Winterthur collections to life on your computer and in your classroom. Published in cooperation with Winterthur Museum, Garden & Library.
  early american cast: Transatlantic Radicals and the Early American Republic Michael Durey, 1997 In the transatlantic world of the late eighteenth century, easterly winds blew radical thought to America. Thomas Paine had already arrived on these shores in 1774 and made his mark as a radical pamphleteer during the Revolution. In his wake followed more than 200 other radical exiles—English Dissenters, Whigs, and Painites; Scottish lads o'parts; and Irish patriots—who became influential newspaper writers and editors and helped change the nature of political discourse in a young nation. Michael Durey has written the first full-scale analysis of these radicals, evaluating the long-term influence their ideas have had on American political thought. Transatlantic Radicals uncovers the roots of their radicalism in the Old World and tells the story of how these men came to be exiled, how they emigrated, and how they participated in the politics of their adopted country. Nearly all of these radicals looked to Paine as their spiritual leader and to Thomas Jefferson as their political champion. They held egalitarian, anti-federalist values and promoted an extreme form of participatory democracy that found a niche in the radical wing of Jefferson's Republican Party. Their divided views on slavery, however, reveal that democratic republicanism was unable to cope with the realities of that institution. As political activists during the 1790s, they proved crucial to Jefferson's 1800 presidential victory; then, after his views moderated and their influence waned, many repatriated, others drifted into anonymity, and a few managed to find success in the New World. Although many of these men are known to us through other histories, their influence as a group has never before been so closely examined. Durey persuasively demonstrates that the intellectual ferment in Britain did indeed have tremendous influence on American politics. His account of that influence sheds considerable light on transatlantic political history and differences in religious, political, and economic freedoms. Skillfully balancing a large cast of characters, Transatlantic Radicals depicts the diversity of their experiences and shows how crucial these reluctant émigrés were to shaping our republic in its formative years.
  early american cast: Early American Life , 1993
  early american cast: American Studies Jack Salzman, American Studies Association, 1986-08-29 This is an annotated bibliography of 20th century books through 1983, and is a reworking of American Studies: An Annotated Bibliography of Works on the Civilization of the United States, published in 1982. Seeking to provide foreign nationals with a comprehensive and authoritative list of sources of information concerning America, it focuses on books that have an important cultural framework, and does not include those which are primarily theoretical or methodological. It is organized in 11 sections: anthropology and folklore; art and architecture; history; literature; music; political science; popular culture; psychology; religion; science/technology/medicine; and sociology. Each section contains a preface introducing the reader to basic bibliographic resources in that discipline and paragraph-length, non-evaluative annotations. Includes author, title, and subject indexes. ISBN 0-521-32555-2 (set) : $150.00.
  early american cast: The Myth of American Diplomacy Walter L. Hixson, 2008-10-01 In this major reconceptualization of the history of U.S. foreign policy, Walter Hixson engages with the entire sweep of that history, from its Puritan beginnings to the twenty-first century’s war on terror. He contends that a mythical national identity, which includes the notion of American moral superiority and the duty to protect all of humanity, has had remarkable continuity through the centuries, repeatedly propelling America into war against an endless series of external enemies. As this myth has supported violence, violence in turn has supported the myth. The Myth of American Diplomacy shows the deep connections between American foreign policy and the domestic culture from which it springs. Hixson investigates the national narratives that help to explain ethnic cleansing of Indians, nineteenth-century imperial thrusts in Mexico and the Philippines, the two World Wars, the Cold War, the Iraq War, and today’s war on terror. He examines the discourses within America that have continuously inspired what he calls our “pathologically violent foreign policy.” The presumption that, as an exceptionally virtuous nation, the United States possesses a special right to exert power only encourages violence, Hixson concludes, and he suggests some fruitful ways to redirect foreign policy toward a more just and peaceful world.
  early american cast: Exploring Protestant Traditions W. David Buschart, 2009-09-20 Protestant is shorthand for a spreading family tree of church and theological traditions. Each tradition embodies a historically shaped perspective on the beliefs, practices and priorities that make up a Christian community. Whether you are an insider to one tradition, a hybrid of two or three, or--as many Christians today--an outsider to all, Exploring Protestant Traditions is a richly informative field guide to eight prominent Protestant theological traditions: Lutheran, Anabaptist, Reformed, Anglican, Baptist, Wesleyan, Dispensational and Pentecostal. Clearly and evenhandedly, W. David Buschart traces the histories of each tradition, explains their interpretive approaches to Scripture and identifies their salient beliefs. As a result, you will gain a sense of what it is to believe and worship as a Reformed or Pentecostal Christian, who the traditions' heroes are and where the theological accents are placed. Charts displaying the denominational representatives of each tradition and bibliographies mapping the path for further explorations add to the value of this guide. This is a book that seeks to receive rather than evaluate, to listen and understand rather than judge or correct. His is a model of theological hospitality that encourages you to open your doors to the varied ways in which Protestantism has taken root in history and human society. Some things take time, like coming to know a religious tradition. But Exploring Protestant Traditions is an excellent place to start.
  early american cast: Colonial and Early American Journalism Patrice Sherman, 2018-12-15 From its earliest days, the press played a pivotal role in American politics and civic life. The trial of printer John Peter Zenger in 1735 established the principle of the free press, and publishers throughout the colonies quickly embraced the concept. The controversy over independence was hotly debated in newspapers. Through letters and debates, the press helped shape the idea of a uniquely American identity. This volume demonstrates how freedom of the press is part of American heritage from colonial times and how it remains essential to democracy to this day.
  early american cast: Plays by Early American Women, 1775-1850 Amelia Howe Kritzer, 1995 Highlights the achievements and significance of women playwrights in early American drama.
  early american cast: A History of the American Theatre Before the Revolution George O. Seilhamer, 1890
  early american cast: A History of the American Theatre, 1700-1950 Glenn Hughes, 1951
  early american cast: History of the American Theatre J. Kyrle Fletcher (ltd., booksellers, Newport, England. (Monmouthshire)), 1936
  early american cast: History of the American Theatre: During the Revolution and After George O. Seilhamer, 1968
  early american cast: The American Steam Locomotive in the Twentieth Century Tom Morrison, 2018-07-24 Between 1900 and 1950, Americans built the most powerful steam locomotives of all time--enormous engines that powered a colossal industry. They were deceptively simple machines, yet, the more their technology was studied, the more obscure it became. Despite immense and sustained engineering efforts, steam locomotives remained grossly inefficient in their use of increasingly costly fuel and labor. In the end, they baffled their masters and, as soon as diesel-electric technology provided an alternative, steam locomotives disappeared from American railroads. Drawing on the work of eminent engineers and railroad managers of the day, this lavishly illustrated history chronicles the challenges, triumphs and failures of American steam locomotive development and operation.
  early american cast: The Cambridge Companion to African American Theatre Harvey Young, 2023-05-31 This new edition provides an expanded, comprehensive history of African American theatre, from the early nineteenth century to the present day. Including discussions of slave rebellions on the national stage, African Americans on Broadway, the Harlem Renaissance, African American women dramatists, and the New Negro and Black Arts movements, the Companion also features fresh chapters on significant contemporary developments, such as the influence of the Black Lives Matter movement, the mainstream successes of Black Queer Drama and the evolution of African American Dance Theatre. Leading scholars spotlight the producers, directors, playwrights, and actors who have fashioned a more accurate appearance of Black life on stage, revealing the impact of African American theatre both within the United States and around the world. Addressing recent theatre productions in the context of political and cultural change, it invites readers to reflect on where African American theatre is heading in the twenty-first century.
  early american cast: The American Collection Chester Music, 2011-01-07 The American Collection celebrates the greatest American composers from the 19th to 20th centuries. Composers including Samuel Barber, Scott Joplin, Burt Bacharach and Phillip Glass are beautifully presented for solo Piano, allowing you to play your way to the heart of American culture. A specially-written foreword places the music in historical and national context and includes biographical details of many of the featured composers. Alongside this, Spotify integration allows you to listen as you learn, and uncover the America's immense contribution to the international world of music. The arrangements are intended for the intermediate to advanced pianist. Songlist: - Alfie [Burt Bacharach] - I'll Never Fall In Love Again [Burt Bacharach] - Not Goin' Home Anymore (Butch Cassidy And The Sundance Kid) [Burt Bacharach] - What The World Needs Now Is Love [Burt Bacharach] - Adagio For Strings [Samuel Barber] - Alexander's Ragtime Band [Irving Berlin] - Caprice No.2 [George W. Chadwick] - The Simpsons (Theme) [Danny Elfman] - Prelude To A Kiss [Ellington, Duke] - Satin Doll [Duke Ellington] - Meditation Op.61 [Arthur Foote] - Dance From Akhnaten [Philip Glass] - The Hours [Philip Glass] - Chinatown [Jerry Goldsmith] - The Mummy (The Sand Volcano) [Jerry Goldsmith] - The White Peacock (Roman Sketches) [Charles Griffes] - The Entertainer [Scott Joplin] - Fig Leaf Rag [Scott Joplin] - Heliotrope Bouquet [Scott Joplin] - Maple Leaf Rag [Scott Joplin] - Weeping Willow Rag [Scott Joplin] - Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man [Jerome Kern] - Smoke Gets In Your Eyes [Jerome Kern] - The Way You Look Tonight [Jerome Kern] - To A Wild Rose (10 Woodland Sketches) [Edward MacDowell] - At An Old Trysting Place (10 Woodland Sketches) [Edward MacDowell] - From Uncle Remus (10 Woodland Sketches) [Edward MacDowell] - The Pink Panther (Theme) [Henry Mancini] - Funeral March Op.9 [Thomas Knowles Paine] - La Sauterelle Op.49 No.2 [Horatio Parker] - The Liberty Bell [John Philip Sousa] - Semper Fidelis [John Philip Sousa] - Stars And Stripes Forever [John Philip Sousa] - Shenandoah [Traditional] - The Yellow Rose Of Texas [Traditional] - E.T. Theme [John Williams] - Schindler's List [John Williams]
  early american cast: The Friend: a series of essays ... First American, from the second London edition Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1837
  early american cast: A History of Agricultural Experimentation and Research in the United States 1607-1925 Alfred Charles True, 1937 This is the third and final monograph in the series intended to give a comprehensive summary of the history of agricultural education, extension, and research in the United States.
  early american cast: Miscellaneous Publication , 1937
  early american cast: Creation and Evolution in the Early American Scientific Affiliation Mark A. Kalthoff, 1995 First published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
  early american cast: Design of Modern Steel Railway Bridges John F. Unsworth, 2016-04-19 Perhaps the first book on this topic in more than 50 years, Design of Modern Steel Railway Bridges focuses not only on new steel superstructures but also outlines principles and methods that are useful for the maintenance and rehabilitation of existing steel railway bridges. It complements the recommended practices of the American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-way Association (AREMA), in particular Chapter 15-Steel Structures in AREMA’s Manual for Railway Engineering (MRE). The book has been carefully designed to remain valid through many editions of the MRE. After covering the basics, the author examines the methods for analysis and design of modern steel railway bridges. He details the history of steel railway bridges in the development of transportation systems, discusses modern materials, and presents an extensive treatment of railway bridge loads and moving load analysis. He then outlines the design of steel structural members and connections in accordance with AREMA recommended practice, demonstrating the concepts with worked examples. Topics include: A history of iron and steel railway bridges Engineering properties of structural steel typically used in modern steel railway bridge design and fabrication Planning and preliminary design Loads and forces on railway superstructures Criteria for the maximum effects from moving loads and their use in developing design live loads Design of axial and flexural members Combinations of forces on steel railway superstructures Copiously illustrated with more than 300 figures and charts, the book presents a clear picture of the importance of railway bridges in the national transportation system. A practical reference and learning tool, it provides a fundamental understanding of AREMA recommended practice that enables more effective design.
  early american cast: Metals in America's Historic Buildings Margot Gayle, David W. Look, John G. Waite, 1998-02 Promotes an awareness of metals in America's buildings and monuments, and makes recommendations for the preservation and repair of such metals. Intended for owners, architects, and building managers who are responsible for the preservation and maintenance of America's architectural heritage. When metal building components need rehabilitation or maintenance, info. on proper preservation techniques for each metal and its alloys has not been available. This sourcebook on historic architectural metals is a reference on metals used in architecture; how they are used, how to identify them, and when to replace them. Photos
  early american cast: Metals in America's Historic Buildings , 1980
  early american cast: Preservation Briefs , 1975
  early american cast: Peat Land in the Pacific Coast States in Relation to Land and Water Resources Alfred Paul Dachnowski-Stokes, 1936
  early american cast: The Oxford Handbook of Early American Literature Kevin J. Hayes, 2008-02-06 The Oxford Handbook of Early American Literature is a major new reference work that provides the best single-volume source of original scholarship on early American literature. Comprised of twenty-seven chapters written by experts in their fields, this work presents an authoritative, in-depth, and up-to-date assessment of a crucial area within literary studies. Organized primarily in terms of genre, the chapters include original research on key concepts, as well as analysis of interesting texts from throughout colonial America. Separate chapters are devoted to literary genres of great importance at the time of their composition that have been neglected in recent decades, such as histories, promotion literature, and scientific writing. New interpretations are offered on the works of Benjamin Franklin, Jonathan Edwards and Dr. Alexander Hamilton while lesser known figures are also brought to light. Newly vital areas like print culture and natural history are given full treatment. As with other Oxford Handbooks, the contributors cover the field in a comprehensive yet accessible way that is suitable for those wishing to gain a good working knowledge of an area of study and where it's headed.
  early american cast: Modern Connectors for Timber Construction National Committee on Wood Utilization (U.S.), 1933
  early american cast: United States Foreign Policy and the Prospects for Peace Education Carl Mirra, 2008-03-31 In light of the United States' age of terrorism and the controversial involvement in the war in Iraq, U.S. policies toward diplomatic peace education are coming under increasing scrutiny. This book evaluates the prospects for effective U.S. peace education in the context of post-1945 U.S. foreign policy. The work first documents the disparity between U.S. pronouncements about protecting human rights and the country's systematic erosion of those rights in the international arena. Second, it evaluates the challenges that the war on terrorism poses for peace education and explores the importance of international treaties in upholding security. A final section explores new ways of thinking and relating that are ultimately necessary for the realization of nonviolent peacekeeping efforts. Designed as a resource text for U.S. educators, the text offers concrete proposals for addressing contentious foreign policy issues in the classroom and includes an appendix of primary documents and sample questions for easy use.
  early american cast: Early American Literature Michael T. Gilmore, 1980 A critical examination of major American authors ranging from the colonial period to the turn of the eighteenth century.
  early american cast: Engineering News and American Contract Journal , 1879
  early american cast: The State of the American Mind: Stupor and Pathetic Docility Amechi Okolo PhD, 2010-06-10 This book, The State of the American Mind: Stupor and Pathetic Docility Volume One begins to unravel some of the most obvious, perplexing, embarrassing and enduring problems and contradictions of American history and sociology, viz., how could the American revolution that started with the most ringing and most inspiring Declarations of human equality in world history end up establishing the most vicious, exploitative society the world ever knew Black chattel slavery and only ten percent white enfranchisement, etc. Further, how could men of such great wisdom and intellect like George Washington, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, and others who were Enlightenment scholars and clearly knew that slavery was despicable and evil, because they had variously experienced white servitude and slavery themselves, collude to establish and institutionalize the horrible system of Negro chattel slavery in America; and also disenfranchised over 90 percent of people of their own race actions that racism could not explain. The structural/institutional slavery system they established, and the resultant consequent racism hobbles America today as it did in the past, and forced Eric Holder, the Attorney General to declare that, America is a nation of cowards, when it comes to race discussions. Thus, this book starts with serious critical discussions of race in America and reveals what no textbook has ever done, viz., that most early American whites and Blacks were slaves an uncomfortable fact that would shock most Americans because it contradicts the orthodoxy or the dominant narrative that only Blacks were brought here in chains. Further, the book also shows the year Black slavery started something almost, all textbooks got wrong. It also shows who, was the fi rst Black slave in America something no textbook ever mentions. It also shows when and how racism started in America and many other very sensitive and embarrassing but necessary issues that America avoids but must be frankly discussed for America to move forward. This book therefore shatters the two dominant themes of Americas history and sociology that Blacks were brought into America in chains as slaves while whites came to America in search of freedom, as Obama famously told us in his race speech. Thus, the crowning lesson of this book, in addition to discussing some critical policy issues like education, health care, etc., is that it discovers the centripetal force of the American society that eluded contemporary Americans because American bosses have laboriously concealed the facts from the public the scary but clearly healthy uniting fact that most Americans are united by their common ancestry, their universal history and experience of servitude, bond-indentures and slavery. Nothing is more universal, more common and more shared in American history and sociology than the fact that most of our ancestors, black and white, were servants, bond-indentures and slaves who were dominated and super-exploited by few overlords. Colonial America was the preferred dumping ground for British, outcasts, rejects, criminals, masterless class, vagabonds, bond-indentures, slaves, etc., until 1776 when Australia replaced America as the British dump for its rejects and surplus citizens. Thus, that America was a nation founded by British rejects and losers is inherently more rational than the prevailing orthodoxy or the Obama theory of Americas founders that they were great honorable men who journeyed across the ocean for freedom because of the obvious reason that good, powerful achieving citizens do not normally emigrate to new uncharted lands.
  early american cast: Design and Construction of Modern Steel Railway Bridges John F. Unsworth, 2017-08-03 This new edition encompasses current design methods used for steel railway bridges in both SI and Imperial (US Customary) units. It discusses the planning of railway bridges and the appropriate types of bridges based on planning considerations.
  early american cast: The Chronicle of the Early American Industries Association, Inc Early American Industries Association, 1986
  early american cast: Early American Soil Conservationists Angus Henry McDonald, 1941
  early american cast: Customs Bulletin United States. Department of the Treasury, 1981
  early american cast: Mineral Industry in Early America Hillary W. St. Clair, 1990
Early American Cast (book) - netsec.csuci.edu
about uncovering stories of craftsmanship, ingenuity, and the evolution of American home life. This comprehensive guide will explore the fascinating history of Early American cast iron, its …

Early American Cast (book)
Early American Cast Iron Holloware 1645-1900 John Tyler,2014-01-28 A resource about cast iron holloware of the pre Griswold and Wagner era this book discusses cast iron pots skillets …

Early American Cast (book) - netsec.csuci.edu
American home life. This comprehensive guide will explore the fascinating history of Early American cast iron, its defining stylistic characteristics, and the factors influencing its value for …

Early History of the American iron industry - Olin College
Early History of the American iron industry In early American history, domestic iron production was important several reasons. It provided local blacksmiths with stock wrought iron bar they …

Early American Cast Iron Holloware 1645 1900 Pots
With over 845 photographs of cast iron pieces from the Wagner, Griswold, Lodge, Vollrath, Excelsior, and Martin manufacturing companies, this book delves into the histories and …

DAACS Cataloging Manual: Buttons
Hollow cast The face and back are cast as one piece around a separate, often iron, shank. Two holes are present in the back to allow internal gases to escape during casting. Used for brass …

Early American Cast (book)
Early American Cast: Early American Cast Iron Holloware 1645-1900 John Tyler,2014-01-28 A resource about cast iron holloware of the pre Griswold and Wagner era this book discusses …

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Foundries of the Past and Present. Griswold, Wapak, Favorite Ware, Wagner Ware, Wapak are some of the more recognized foundries for cast iron and aluminum cookware. There are …

Early American Cast - goramblers.org
Early American Drama Various 1997-08-01 This unique volume includes eight early dramas that mirror American literary, social, and cultural history: Royall Tylers The Contrast (1789); William …

Wooden Shelf Clock Movements: Terry, Groaner, and Torrington
R. Brown Research Archive of Early American Wooden Works Shelf Clocks. Edited by G. Russell Oechsle. Self-published, 2011.

Early American Gravestones - David Rumsey
Who is interested in America’s early gravestones? How did this collection of gravestone photographs develop? How were the photographs made? Where are the colonial burying …

Early American Cast (book)
Early American Cast: Early American Cast Iron Holloware 1645-1900 John Tyler,2014-01-28 A resource about cast iron holloware of the pre Griswold and Wagner era this book discusses …

Early American Cast Iron Holloware 1645 1900 Pots Full PDF
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