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DRA Reading Assessment: A Comprehensive Guide for Educators and Parents
Introduction:
Are you struggling to accurately gauge your child's or student's reading level? Frustrated by generic reading assessments that fail to capture the nuances of individual reading abilities? Then you've come to the right place. This comprehensive guide delves into the Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA), a widely respected tool used to pinpoint a reader's strengths and weaknesses. We'll explore the intricacies of the DRA reading assessment, covering its methodology, benefits, limitations, and how to effectively interpret its results. Whether you're an educator seeking to improve your classroom instruction or a parent wanting to support your child's reading development, this post offers invaluable insights into this powerful assessment tool.
What is the DRA Reading Assessment?
The Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) is a widely used informal reading inventory (IRI) that measures a student's reading ability across various dimensions. Unlike standardized tests, the DRA provides a more in-depth, qualitative look at a student's reading proficiency. It goes beyond simply determining a grade level equivalent; instead, it assesses comprehension, fluency, accuracy, and vocabulary, providing a rich profile of the reader's skills. This granular level of detail allows educators to tailor their instruction to the specific needs of each student.
Key Components of the DRA Assessment:
Oral Reading: The student reads aloud a passage from a graded reader, allowing the assessor to observe their accuracy, fluency (reading rate and expression), and word recognition skills.
Comprehension: After reading, the student answers comprehension questions, both literal and inferential, demonstrating their understanding of the text.
Vocabulary: The assessment also probes the student's vocabulary knowledge through direct questioning and contextual clues within the reading passage.
Independent, Instructional, and Frustration Levels: The DRA helps determine three critical reading levels: Independent (easy reading), Instructional (challenging but manageable with support), and Frustration (too difficult). This tripartite categorization is crucial for effective instructional planning.
Benefits of Using the DRA Reading Assessment:
The DRA offers several significant benefits over other reading assessments:
Detailed Qualitative Data: It provides rich, qualitative data beyond simple scores, giving educators a nuanced understanding of a student's reading process.
Individualized Instruction: The assessment's results directly inform individualized instruction, allowing teachers to tailor their approach to meet specific student needs.
Progress Monitoring: The DRA can be used to track a student's reading progress over time, demonstrating the effectiveness of interventions and instructional strategies.
Teacher-Friendly: The assessment is relatively easy to administer and score, making it a practical tool for classroom use.
Wide Range of Levels: The DRA covers a wide range of reading levels, accommodating students from early readers to advanced learners.
Limitations of the DRA Reading Assessment:
While the DRA is a valuable tool, it's essential to acknowledge its limitations:
Time-Consuming: Administering and scoring the DRA can be time-consuming, especially for teachers with large class sizes.
Subjectivity: Although standardized, some elements of scoring can involve subjective judgment, potentially introducing variability.
Specific Training Required: Effective administration and interpretation require adequate training.
Not a Standardized Test: The results shouldn't be used for large-scale comparisons or summative evaluations in the same way as standardized tests.
How to Interpret DRA Results Effectively:
Understanding the DRA's scoring system is vital for effective interpretation. The assessment typically assigns a level and provides detailed notes on the student's performance in each key area (accuracy, fluency, comprehension, and vocabulary). This information should be used to inform instructional decisions, focusing on areas where the student needs support. For example, a student struggling with fluency may benefit from repeated readings and focused phonics instruction, while a student with weak comprehension might need explicit instruction in comprehension strategies.
Using DRA Results to Inform Instruction:
The true power of the DRA lies in its ability to inform instructional planning. By carefully analyzing the assessment results, educators can develop targeted interventions to address specific reading challenges. This might involve:
Differentiated Instruction: Providing different levels of support and challenge to meet the diverse needs of students within a classroom.
Targeted Interventions: Implementing specific interventions to address identified weaknesses in areas like phonics, fluency, or comprehension.
Small Group Instruction: Providing focused instruction in small groups to students with similar reading needs.
Conclusion:
The DRA reading assessment provides a comprehensive and valuable tool for educators and parents seeking to understand and support a child's reading development. Its detailed qualitative data allows for individualized instruction, targeted interventions, and effective progress monitoring. While it has limitations, the benefits significantly outweigh the drawbacks, making it an indispensable resource for enhancing reading instruction and fostering a love of reading in students. Remember to always use the DRA in conjunction with other assessment methods and ongoing observation to gain a holistic understanding of a student's reading abilities.
FAQs:
1. What age range is the DRA appropriate for? The DRA is suitable for a wide range of ages, generally from kindergarten through high school, depending on the specific version used.
2. How long does it take to administer a DRA assessment? The administration time varies depending on the student's reading level and the specific version of the DRA being used, but it generally ranges from 15-30 minutes.
3. Is the DRA a valid and reliable assessment? The DRA has been shown to have good validity and reliability, meaning it accurately measures what it intends to measure and yields consistent results. However, like any assessment, its effectiveness depends on proper administration and interpretation.
4. Where can I find more information about the DRA and training opportunities? You can find detailed information on the DRA, including training resources, on the publisher's website (often Pro-Ed).
5. Can I use the DRA at home to assess my child's reading? While the DRA is primarily designed for educational professionals, some adapted versions or similar informal reading inventories could be used at home for informal assessment. However, it is recommended to seek professional guidance for accurate interpretation and to develop appropriate learning plans.
| dra reading assessment: Developmental Reading Assessment Joetta Beaver, Mark A. Carter, 2003 Gives middle school teachers a range of tools to help monitor literacy behavior continuously as they teach, as well as conduct periodic assessments for accountability. Intended to guide teachers' ongoing observations of student's progress within a literature-based reading program. |
| dra reading assessment: Diagnostic Reading Analysis Mary Crumpler, Colin McCarty, 2004 Individually asses the reading accuracy, comprehension and fluency/ reading rate, plus comprehension processing speed for less able readers from 7 to 16. The test is brilliant. We used it with a cohort who have been well below standard for the school and right the way throughout it told us so much about that cohort and their learning styles. It was quick to administer, didn't stress the pupils and the end result was so useful. - SENCO, Hampshire school - Carefully structured, with an initial listening comprehension passage that helps determine each pupil's starting point - Provides standardised measures of reading accuracy (as standardised scores and reading ages), fluency/reading rate and reading comprehension. Additionally, this second edition provides a standardised measure of comprehension processing speed, making the DRA ideal for access arrangements assessment. - Pupils read and answer questions on three graded passages - fiction and non-fiction - pitched at appropriate levels of difficulty - Perfect for assessing progress with two parallel forms A and B that allow for re-testing - Identify patterns of reading performance with a photocopiable Diagnostic Checklist The optional Diagnostic Profiler CD-ROM helps you to produce a detailed diagnostic report, including prompts for appropriate follow-up for each pupil. |
| dra reading assessment: Developmental Reading Assessment Second Edition Plus Kit Grade K/3 Copyright 2012 , 2011-10 DRA2+ provides teachers with a proven diagnostic reading assessment that not only establishes each student's reading level but also gives the teacher a Focus for Classroom Instruction designed to assist students' progression to the next reading level. Students and teachers meet in a one-on-one conference - giving the teacher invaluable insight as to each student's strengths and weaknesses Progress Monitoring now included! Teachers are now able to monitor progress during a brief conference with struggling readers, providing a great tool to measure the effectiveness of current intervention strategies DRA2's assessment of reading comprehension is the most extensive of any assessment; truly designed to provide teacher's guidance in pinpointing areas of need The research-based and validated Developmental Reading Assessment K-3 by Joetta Beaver and Primary Classroom Teachers helps you pinpoint students' strengths and abilities as readers in a quick, one-on-one conference.Now in its second edition, DRA2 for grades K-3 has added a fluency component that provides a WPM fluency rate, streamlines the assessment for easier use, and includes several new and revised Benchmark Books, a revised Teacher Guide, a simplified Focus for Instruction, and Continuums to match each assessment text incorporated in the Teacher Observation Guides. In addition, this package also includes Word Analysis to help you assess 40 important skills in the areas of Phonological Awareness, Metalanguage, Letter/Word Recognition, Phonics, and Structural Analysis and Syllabication. You can also administer DRA k/3 on a handheld device - learn more here. View the DRA2 Virtual Brochure. Download the DRA2 Virtual Brochure. |
| dra reading assessment: Can You Sing? Peggy DeLapp, 1997-01-01 |
| dra reading assessment: Leveled Books (K-8) Irene C. Fountas, Gay Su Pinnell, 2006 For ten years and in two classic books, Irene Fountas and Gay Su Pinnell have described how to analyze the characteristics of texts and select just-right books to use for guided reading instruction. Now, for the first time, all of their thinking and research has been updated and brought together into Leveled Books, K-8 to form the ultimate guide to choosing and using books from kindergarten through middle school. Fountas and Pinnell take you through every aspect of leveled books, describing how to select and use them for different purposes in your literacy program and offering prototype descriptions of fiction and nonfiction books at each level. They share advice on: the role of leveled books in reading instruction, analyzing the characteristics of fiction and nonfiction texts, using benchmark books to assess instructional levels for guided reading, selecting books for both guided and independent reading, organizing high-quality classroom libraries, acquiring books and writing proposals to fund classroom-library purchases, creating a school book room. In addition, Fountas and Pinnell explain the leveling process in detail so that you can tentatively level any appropriate book that you want to use in your instruction. Best of all, Leveled Books, K-8 is one half of a new duo of resources that will change how you look at leveled books. Its companion-www.FountasandPinnellLeveledBooks.com-is a searchable and frequently updated website that includes more than 18,000 titles. With Leveled Books, K-8 you'll know how and why to choose books for your readers, and with www.FountasandPinnellLeveledBooks.com, you'll have the ideal tool at your fingertips for finding appropriate books for guided reading. Book jacket. |
| dra reading assessment: The "I Like" Game Joetta Beaver, 1997-01-01 |
| dra reading assessment: Basic Reading Inventory Jerry L. Johns, Laurie Elish-Piper, Beth Johns, 2012 CD-ROM includes video clips, performance booklets, summary sheets, annotated bibliography on IRIs. |
| dra reading assessment: Where is My Hat? Joetta Beaver, 2006 |
| dra reading assessment: The Next Step in Guided Reading Jan Richardson, 2009 Teachers facing the challenge of meeting the diverse reading needs of students will find the structure and tools they need in Jan Richardson's powerful approach to guided reading. Richardson has identified the essential components of an effective guided reading lesson: targeted assessments, data analysis that pinpoints specific strategies students need, and the use of guided writing to support the reading process. Each chapter contains planning sheets to help teachers analyze assessments in order to group students and select a teaching focus Includes detailed, ready-to-go lesson plans for all stages of reading: emergent, early, transitional, and fluent |
| dra reading assessment: The Flynt/Cooter Comprehensive Reading Inventory Robert B. Cooter Jr., E. Sutton Flynt, Kathleen Spencer Cooter, 2013-04-01 This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. Designed to help educators assess the “Big Five” components of reading instruction as identified by the National Reading Panel—phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension—the CRI is recognized as a leader in the field for its ability to ensure quick and reliable assessment of the reading skills and needs of students in grades Pre-K through 12. The groundbreaking features that made this book’s original edition a top choice of teachers and literacy coaches for many decades are continued here, along with a number of changes that make the analysis of data more efficient and increase student learning, among them a Spanish version to help educators better serve the needs of English speakers and/or English learners. |
| dra reading assessment: Guided Reading Irene C. Fountas, Gay Su Pinnell, 2017 Much has been written on the topic of guided reading over the last twenty years, but no other leaders in literacy education have championed the topic with such depth and breadth as Irene Fountas and Gay Su Pinnell. In the highly anticipated second edition of Guided Reading, Fountas and Pinnell remind you of guided reading's critical value within a comprehensive literacy system, and the reflective, responsive teaching required to realize its full potential. Now with Guided Reading, Second Edition, (re)discover the essential elements of guided reading through: a wider and more comprehensive look at its place within a coherent literacy system a refined and deeper understanding of its complexity an examination of the steps in implementation-from observing and assessing literacy behaviors, to grouping in a thoughtful and dynamic way, to analyzing texts, to teaching the lesson the teaching for systems of strategic actions a rich text base that can support and extend student learning the re-emerging role of shared reading as a way to lead guided and independent reading forward the development of managed independent learning across the grades an in-depth exploration of responsive teaching the role of facilitative language in supporting change over time in students' processing systems the identification of high-priority shifts in learning to focus on at each text level the creation of a learning environment within which literacy and language can flourish. Through guided reading, students learn how to engage in every facet of the reading process and apply their reading power to all literacy contexts. Also check out our new on-demand mini-course: Introducing Texts Effectively in Guided Reading Lessons |
| dra reading assessment: The Next Step Forward in Guided Reading Jan Richardson, 2016 This resource-rich book includes planning and instructional tools, prompts, discussion starters, teaching points, intervention suggestions, and more to support all students. Plus, an online resource bank with downloadables and videos. Jan Richardson's latest thinking on Guided Reading helps teachers take the next step forward to pinpoint instruction that supports every reader. Richardson uses the Assess-Decide-Guide framework to take a deep dive into each guided reading stage, covering PreA to Fluent readers, their needs, and the best ways to support and challenge them. A master reading teacher at all levels, Richardson skillfully addresses all the factors that make or break guided reading lessons: support for striving readers, strategies for reaching ELLs, making home-school connections--all with an unwavering focus on reading for deeper comprehension, to develop thoughtful, independent readers. The book includes dozens of must-have record-keeping, assessment, and reference forms, as well as how-to video links that provide show Jan in action with diverse readers. |
| dra reading assessment: The Missing Link Thom Holmes, 2006 A group of robot astronauts lands on a remote planet WJR 1100 and settles a colony there. Their mission is to find artifacts of their long-lost ancestors. One day they find a skeleton of a humanoid which they feel is this ancestor. |
| dra reading assessment: Reading Fluency Timothy Rasinski, William Rupley, David Paige, Chase Young, 2021-01-21 Reading fluency has been identified as a key component of proficient reading. Research has consistently demonstrated significant and substantial correlations between reading fluency and overall reading achievement. Despite the great potential for fluency to have a significant outcome on students’ reading achievement, it continues to be not well understood by teachers, school administrators and policy makers. The chapters in this volume examine reading fluency from a variety of perspectives. The initial chapter sketches the history of fluency as a literacy instruction component. Following chapters examine recent studies and approaches to reading fluency, followed by chapters that explore actual fluency instruction models and the impact of fluency instruction. Assessment of reading fluency is critical for monitoring progress and identifying students in need of intervention. Two articles on assessment, one focused on word recognition and the other on prosody, expand our understanding of fluency measurement. Finally, a study from Turkey explores the relationship of various reading competencies, including fluency, in an integrated model of reading. Our hope for this volume is that it may spark a renewed interest in research into reading fluency and fluency instruction and move toward making fluency instruction an even more integral part of all literacy instruction. |
| dra reading assessment: Crickwing Janell Cannon, 2005 An Oddball Artist's Epic Adventure |
| dra reading assessment: Stuart Little E. B. White, 2015-03-17 The classic story by E. B. White, author of the Newbery Honor Book Charlotte's Web and The Trumpet of the Swan, about one small mouse on a very big adventure. Now available as an ebook! Illustrations in this ebook appear in vibrant full color on a full-color device and in rich black-and-white on all other devices. Stuart Little is no ordinary mouse. Born to a family of humans, he lives in New York City with his parents, his older brother George, and Snowbell the cat. Though he's shy and thoughtful, he's also a true lover of adventure. Stuart's greatest adventure comes when his best friend, a beautiful little bird named Margalo, disappears from her nest. Determined to track her down, Stuart ventures away from home for the very first time in his life. He finds adventure aplenty. But will he find his friend? Stuart Little joins E. B. White favorites Charlotte's Web and The Trumpet of the Swan as classic illustrated novels that continue to speak to today's readers. Whether you curl up with your young reader to share these books or hand them off for independent reading, you are helping to create what are likely to be all-time favorite reading memories. |
| dra reading assessment: Fountas and Pinnell Leveled Literacy Intervention (LLI) Orange (Grade K) Program Guide Irene C. Fountas, Gay Su Pinnell, 2009-08-05 Fountas & Pinnell Leveled Literacy Intervention (LLI) is a powerful early intervention system that can change the path of a student's journey to literacy. The LLI Orange System is specifically targeted at Foundation/Kindergaten students. Please note the program guide is not suitable for educators who have not yet purchased an LLI Orange System. This component is only available separately so that schools with the LLI Orange System can purchase additional copies of the program guide if they require. Find out more about the Fountas & Pinnell LLI System at www.pearson.com.au/primary/LLI |
| dra reading assessment: Dracula Bram Stoker, 1982-04-12 String garlic by the window and hang a cross around your neck! The most powerful vampire of all time returns in our Stepping Stone Classic adaption of the original tale by Bran Stoker. Follow Johnathan Harker, Mina Harker, and Dr. Abraham van Helsing as they discover the true nature of evil. Their battle to destroy Count Dracula takes them from the crags of his castle to the streets of London... and back again. |
| dra reading assessment: Learning How to Learn Barbara Oakley, PhD, Terrence Sejnowski, PhD, Alistair McConville, 2018-08-07 A surprisingly simple way for students to master any subject--based on one of the world's most popular online courses and the bestselling book A Mind for Numbers A Mind for Numbers and its wildly popular online companion course Learning How to Learn have empowered more than two million learners of all ages from around the world to master subjects that they once struggled with. Fans often wish they'd discovered these learning strategies earlier and ask how they can help their kids master these skills as well. Now in this new book for kids and teens, the authors reveal how to make the most of time spent studying. We all have the tools to learn what might not seem to come naturally to us at first--the secret is to understand how the brain works so we can unlock its power. This book explains: Why sometimes letting your mind wander is an important part of the learning process How to avoid rut think in order to think outside the box Why having a poor memory can be a good thing The value of metaphors in developing understanding A simple, yet powerful, way to stop procrastinating Filled with illustrations, application questions, and exercises, this book makes learning easy and fun. |
| dra reading assessment: Mindset Carol S. Dweck, 2007-12-26 From the renowned psychologist who introduced the world to “growth mindset” comes this updated edition of the million-copy bestseller—featuring transformative insights into redefining success, building lifelong resilience, and supercharging self-improvement. “Through clever research studies and engaging writing, Dweck illuminates how our beliefs about our capabilities exert tremendous influence on how we learn and which paths we take in life.”—Bill Gates, GatesNotes “It’s not always the people who start out the smartest who end up the smartest.” After decades of research, world-renowned Stanford University psychologist Carol S. Dweck, Ph.D., discovered a simple but groundbreaking idea: the power of mindset. In this brilliant book, she shows how success in school, work, sports, the arts, and almost every area of human endeavor can be dramatically influenced by how we think about our talents and abilities. People with a fixed mindset—those who believe that abilities are fixed—are less likely to flourish than those with a growth mindset—those who believe that abilities can be developed. Mindset reveals how great parents, teachers, managers, and athletes can put this idea to use to foster outstanding accomplishment. In this edition, Dweck offers new insights into her now famous and broadly embraced concept. She introduces a phenomenon she calls false growth mindset and guides people toward adopting a deeper, truer growth mindset. She also expands the mindset concept beyond the individual, applying it to the cultures of groups and organizations. With the right mindset, you can motivate those you lead, teach, and love—to transform their lives and your own. |
| dra reading assessment: Guided Reading Irene C. Fountas, Gay Su Pinnell, 1996 This book is the richest, most comprehensive guided reading resource available today and the first systematic offering of instructional support for guided reading adherents. |
| dra reading assessment: Self-Compassion Dr. Kristin Neff, 2011-04-19 Kristin Neff, Ph.D., says that it’s time to “stop beating yourself up and leave insecurity behind.” Self-Compassion: Stop Beating Yourself Up and Leave Insecurity Behind offers expert advice on how to limit self-criticism and offset its negative effects, enabling you to achieve your highest potential and a more contented, fulfilled life. More and more, psychologists are turning away from an emphasis on self-esteem and moving toward self-compassion in the treatment of their patients—and Dr. Neff’s extraordinary book offers exercises and action plans for dealing with every emotionally debilitating struggle, be it parenting, weight loss, or any of the numerous trials of everyday living. |
| dra reading assessment: Reading with Meaning Debbie Miller, 2002 Shows how to teach children strategies for comprehending text and to become independent and strategic readers. |
| dra reading assessment: Grit Angela Duckworth, 2016-05-03 In this instant New York Times bestseller, Angela Duckworth shows anyone striving to succeed that the secret to outstanding achievement is not talent, but a special blend of passion and persistence she calls “grit.” “Inspiration for non-geniuses everywhere” (People). The daughter of a scientist who frequently noted her lack of “genius,” Angela Duckworth is now a celebrated researcher and professor. It was her early eye-opening stints in teaching, business consulting, and neuroscience that led to her hypothesis about what really drives success: not genius, but a unique combination of passion and long-term perseverance. In Grit, she takes us into the field to visit cadets struggling through their first days at West Point, teachers working in some of the toughest schools, and young finalists in the National Spelling Bee. She also mines fascinating insights from history and shows what can be gleaned from modern experiments in peak performance. Finally, she shares what she’s learned from interviewing dozens of high achievers—from JP Morgan CEO Jamie Dimon to New Yorker cartoon editor Bob Mankoff to Seattle Seahawks Coach Pete Carroll. “Duckworth’s ideas about the cultivation of tenacity have clearly changed some lives for the better” (The New York Times Book Review). Among Grit’s most valuable insights: any effort you make ultimately counts twice toward your goal; grit can be learned, regardless of IQ or circumstances; when it comes to child-rearing, neither a warm embrace nor high standards will work by themselves; how to trigger lifelong interest; the magic of the Hard Thing Rule; and so much more. Winningly personal, insightful, and even life-changing, Grit is a book about what goes through your head when you fall down, and how that—not talent or luck—makes all the difference. This is “a fascinating tour of the psychological research on success” (The Wall Street Journal). |
| dra reading assessment: Alaska Major Lisa Trumbauer, 2006 Jason reluctantly moves to Alaska wih his family and dreads going on a camping trip with a large husky dog. Later, the dog saves Jason's life. |
| dra reading assessment: Matching Books to Readers Irene C. Fountas, Gay Su Pinnell, 1999 This reference provides a comprehensive, up-to-date levelled reading list. Created with the input of hundreds of early literacy teachers, it compiles more than 7000 caption books, natural language texts, series books, and children's literature for kindergarten through grade three. |
| dra reading assessment: PM Benchmark 1 Annette Smith, Elsie Nelley, Debbie Croft, 2008 |
| dra reading assessment: Making the Most of Small Groups Debbie Diller, 2023-10-10 Author Debbie Diller turns her attention to small reading groups and the teacher's role in small-group instruction. Making the Most of Small Groups: Differentiation for All grapples with difficult questions regarding small-group instruction in elementary classrooms such as: How do I find the time? How can I be more organized? How do I form groups? How can I differentiate to meet the needs of all of my students? Structured around the five essential reading elements - comprehension, fluency, phonemic awareness, phonics, and vocabulary - the book provides practical tips, sample lessons, lesson plans and templates, suggestions for related literacy work stations, and connections to whole-group instruction. In addition to ideas to use immediately in the classroom, Diller provides an overview of relevant research and reflection questions for professional conversations. |
| dra reading assessment: Daily Reflections A a, Aa World Services Inc, 2017-07-27 This is a book of reflections by A.A. members for A.A. members. It was first published in 1990 to fulfill a long-felt need within the Fellowship for a collection of reflections that moves through the calendar year--one day at a time. Each page contains a reflection on a quotation from A.A. Conference-approved literature, such as Alcoholics Anonymous, Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions, As Bill Sees It and other books. These reflections were submitted by members of the A.A. Fellowship who were not professional writers, nor did they speak for A.A. but only for themselves, from their own experiences in sobriety. Thus the book offers sharing, day by day, from a broad cross section of members, which focuses on the Three Legacies of Alcoholics Anonymous: Recovery, Unity and Service. Daily Reflections has proved to be a popular book that aids individuals in their practice of daily meditation and provides inspiration to group discussions even as it presents an introduction for some to A.A. literature as a whole. |
| dra reading assessment: Python for Everybody Charles R. Severance, 2016-04-09 Python for Everybody is designed to introduce students to programming and software development through the lens of exploring data. You can think of the Python programming language as your tool to solve data problems that are beyond the capability of a spreadsheet.Python is an easy to use and easy to learn programming language that is freely available on Macintosh, Windows, or Linux computers. So once you learn Python you can use it for the rest of your career without needing to purchase any software.This book uses the Python 3 language. The earlier Python 2 version of this book is titled Python for Informatics: Exploring Information.There are free downloadable electronic copies of this book in various formats and supporting materials for the book at www.pythonlearn.com. The course materials are available to you under a Creative Commons License so you can adapt them to teach your own Python course. |
| dra reading assessment: The Fountas & Pinnell Literacy Continuum Irene C. Fountas, Gay Su Pinnell, 2016 There has never been a more comprehensive resource available to teachers that does what the continuum does - provide specific behaviors and understandings that are required at each level for students to demonstrate thinking within, beyond, and about the text. These behaviors and understandings describe what students will be expected to do in order to effectively read and understand the text. More in-depth, more intuitive, and more essential than ever-The Fountas & Pinnell Literacy Continuum, Expanded Edition enables teachers to construct a common vision for student achievement that effectively and efficiently engages all students in the robust, authentic and meaningful literacy learning every child deserves. The Literacy Continuum provides a way to look for specific evidence of learning from prekindergarten through grade eight, and across eight instructional contexts. Each instructional context contributes substantially, in different but complementary ways, to students' development of the literacy process. With this indispensable literacy tool, Fountas and Pinnell remind you of The Literacy Continuum's critical role in transforming literacy teaching and learning. (Re)Discover The Fountas & Pinnell Literacy Continuum, Expanded Edition to: elevate your language and literacy expertise develop an understanding of the demands of texts on readers build your understanding of the reading and writing process and how it changes over time hone your observation of students' literacy behaviors teach toward student integration of the Systems of Strategic Actions articulate the literacy curriculum within and across grade levels activate the responsive teaching that meets students where they are and brings them forward with intention and precision build professional learning opportunities with colleagues create a common vision and common language for literacy in your school. Look for these new enhancements inside: Streamlined organization and navigation Expanded behaviors and examples across the continua First appearance of a behavior or goal or text characteristic is indicated by a red square (Behaviors are acquired and then elaborated over time) Clear organization of and explicit links to the Systems of Strategic Actions Four-color design for clarity and focus Also check out our on-demand mini-course: Thinking and Talking About Books Across the Day. |
| dra reading assessment: Dynamic Instructional Leadership to Support Student Learning and Development Edward T. Joyner, Michael Ben-Avie, James P. Comer, 2004-05-12 With its comprehensive framework, this guide offers instruction that will help all children grow and develop along the pathways that support success both in school and in life. |
| dra reading assessment: The Wonderful Day Gina Bell Zano, 1997-01-01 |
| dra reading assessment: The Continuum of Literacy Learning, Grades K-8 Gay Su Pinnell, Irene C. Fountas, 2007 Presents a comprehensive curriculum document that provides a vision of language and literacy development for students in kindergarten through grade 8. The book contains the same text characteristics and goals as the K-2 and 3-8 books but instead is organized along the following instructional contexts: interactive read-aloud and literature discussion; shared and performance reading; writing about reading; writing; oral, visual, and technological communication; phonics, spelling, and word study; and guided reading. |
| dra reading assessment: Wonders Placement and Diagnostic Assessment, Grades K-6 Donald Bear, McGraw-Hill Education, 2015-03-19 |
| dra reading assessment: THE EARLY GRADE READING ASSESSMENT Amber K. Gove, Anna Wetterberg, 2011-09-28 The Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA) measures students' progress towards reading. EGRA gauges early literacy skills through a 15-minute individual oral assessment of five fundamental reading skills. RTI worked with education experts to develop the EGRA in 2006, and it has been piloted and implemented in more than 40 countries. This volume aims to take stock of the substantial amount of information and experience generated through the use of EGRA, and to share this knowledge with practitioners, policymakers, and international donors. Chapters cover not only particular applications of the instrument but also put EGRA in the context of broader issues and developments in literacy and education. |
| dra reading assessment: Mrs. Lilly Is Silly! Dan Gutman, 2011-10-11 It's Career Day at Ella Mentry School! Mrs. Lilly is a reporter for the local paper. She's going to come help the kids make their own newspaper, all about the school. What will happen when A.J. and the gang become investigative reporters? Who's going |
| dra reading assessment: Running Records Marie M. Clay, 2000 This is a brief exploration of running records, explaining why to use them, how they relate to teaching, and how to administer them. |
| dra reading assessment: Balancing Reading & Language Learning Mary Cappellini, 2005 Combining the best classroom practices and research on teaching reading and language acquisition, Mary Cappellini integrates effective reading instruction with effective language instruction. Through the framework of a balanced reading program, she emphasizes the importance of constantly listening for and assessing children's language and reading strategies during read-aloud, shared reading, guided reading, and independent reading, including literature circles.--BOOK JACKET. |
| dra reading assessment: Froggy and Princess Suzanne Moyers, 2003-01-01 |
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*Guided Reading Levels – a broader range of difficulty in each level for first grade GRADE LEVEL 3 rd Grade Levels 4th Grade Levels 5th Grade Level 6th Grade Level 7th Grade Level 8th …
Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA2) - Deer Valley …
The Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) provides teachers with a method for assessing and documenting primary students' development as readers over time. Its purpose is to …
—Tomie dePaola - Pearson Assessments
The Developmental Reading Assessment™, Third Edition (DRA™3) combines decades of teacher acumen with Pearson’s test development strength to provide the premier assessment …
e-Diagnostic Reading Assessment (DRA) Processes and …
Reading (Decoding) – Individual 1. Select to begin with Level I or Level II word lists according to these descriptions: 2. Tell the student: “I am going to give you a short reading test. You will …
Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) Fountas & Pinnell …
Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) Fountas & Pinnell Level. * Students testing above DRA Level 40 should be assessed using the Teachers’ College Running Records. *The …
2012-2013 DEVELOPMENTAL READING ASSESSMENT, 2ND …
The main purpose of the DRA2 is to enable teachers to systematically observe, record and evaluate change in student reading performance and to plan for and teach what each student …
Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) Feature Comparison
Pearson’s Developmental Reading Assessment® (DRA™) offers educators the tools they need to observe and document student reading abilities and inform instruction. With the third edition, …
The Developmental Reading Assessment in Kindergarten
The DRA is a developmental reading assessment which helps document each student’s reading progress over time. Who gives the DRA? Teachers and reading specialists trained to …
Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) Summary
The Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) is a standardized reading test used to determine a student’s instructional level in reading. The DRA is administered individually to students by …
A Correlation of Developmental Reading Assessment 2nd …
Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA2) provides teachers with a proven diagnostic reading assessment that not only establishes each student’s reading level but also gives the teacher a …
Developmental Reading Assessment Grades K - 3 - P…
Developmental Reading Assessment Overview • The DRA has 2 major …
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS - CT.gov
Connecticut state law requires that students in our school in grades 1-3 take the …
DRA3 Reading Benchmark Assessment Process - Pearso…
The Reading Benchmark Assessment Process. Measure each student’s reading …
Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA™) First Gra…
The Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA2)™ is an interim benchmark …
Reading opens up a world of possibilities. - Pearson Assess…
The Developmental Reading Assessment®, Third Edition (DRATM3) combines …
