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DNA Extraction Lab Answer Key: A Comprehensive Guide
Are you struggling to understand the results of your DNA extraction lab? Did your experiment yield unexpected results, leaving you scratching your head? This comprehensive guide provides a detailed look at common DNA extraction lab procedures, potential issues, and interpretations of results. We’ll explore typical experimental setups, analyze potential sources of error, and offer explanations to help you understand your findings. This isn't just a simple "answer key"—we'll equip you with the knowledge to confidently analyze your DNA extraction results and troubleshoot future experiments.
Understanding the DNA Extraction Process: A Foundation for Interpretation
Before diving into interpreting your results, it's crucial to understand the fundamental steps involved in DNA extraction. Most DNA extraction protocols follow a similar basic process:
Lysis: Breaking open cells to release the DNA. This often involves using detergents to dissolve cell membranes and enzymes to break down proteins that protect the DNA.
Separation: Removing unwanted cellular components like proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Common techniques include centrifugation and precipitation.
Purification: Isolating pure DNA from the remaining cellular debris. This often involves washing steps and alcohol precipitation.
Quantification: Determining the amount of DNA extracted. This is usually done using spectrophotometry.
Common DNA Extraction Lab Procedures & Potential Pitfalls
Different DNA extraction protocols exist, tailored to the source material (e.g., plant, animal, bacterial cells). However, several common issues can skew results:
#### H2: Incomplete Lysis:
Problem: If cells aren't fully lysed, DNA remains trapped inside, leading to low yields.
Possible Causes: Insufficient lysis buffer, inadequate incubation time, or insufficient mechanical disruption (e.g., insufficient grinding for plant tissues).
Solution: Optimize lysis conditions, increase incubation time, or use more vigorous mechanical disruption methods.
#### H2: Contamination:
Problem: Presence of contaminants (e.g., RNA, proteins, polysaccharides) can interfere with downstream applications and obscure results.
Possible Causes: Poor laboratory technique, contaminated reagents, or insufficient purification steps.
Solution: Use sterile techniques, high-quality reagents, and include additional purification steps such as RNase treatment.
#### H2: DNA Degradation:
Problem: DNA can degrade due to enzymatic activity (DNases) or harsh chemical treatments. This manifests as fragmented DNA, reducing yield and quality.
Possible Causes: Exposure to DNases, inappropriate storage conditions, or excessive harsh chemicals.
Solution: Use DNase inhibitors, maintain cold temperatures throughout the procedure, and minimize exposure to harsh chemicals.
#### H2: Low DNA Yield:
Problem: Obtaining insufficient DNA for downstream applications.
Possible Causes: Incomplete lysis, DNA degradation, or loss during purification.
Solution: Review all steps, address potential causes of low yield (as mentioned above), and optimize the protocol as needed.
Interpreting Your Results: Analyzing Your DNA Extraction
The success of a DNA extraction is judged based on the quantity and quality of the DNA obtained. Quantity is often measured using a spectrophotometer, determining the concentration of DNA in a sample. Quality is assessed by assessing the purity of the DNA. A high A260/A280 ratio (typically between 1.8 and 2.0) indicates high-quality DNA. A high A260/A230 ratio is also desirable, indicating low contamination with carbohydrates or other organic compounds.
Low yields or impure DNA might indicate problems at any stage of the extraction process. Careful examination of each step, combined with the troubleshooting steps mentioned above, will aid in identifying the source of the issue.
Visual Inspection of Your DNA Extract
Beyond spectrophotometric analysis, you can visually inspect your DNA extract. Pure DNA will appear as a clear, viscous solution. Cloudy or colored solutions suggest contamination. The presence of precipitates or debris indicates incomplete purification.
Conclusion
Successfully extracting DNA is crucial for various applications in molecular biology. Understanding the process, identifying potential problems, and correctly interpreting results are vital skills for any researcher. By carefully considering each step, troubleshooting potential issues, and analyzing your results thoroughly, you can improve your DNA extraction efficiency and confidently proceed with downstream applications. This guide provides a strong foundation, allowing you to critically evaluate your DNA extraction lab results and address any challenges effectively.
FAQs
1. What is the best method for DNA extraction? The "best" method depends entirely on the source material (plant, animal, bacterial) and the downstream application. There is no single universally superior method.
2. My DNA extract is cloudy. What does that mean? A cloudy extract often indicates the presence of contaminants like proteins or other cellular debris. This suggests incomplete purification.
3. My A260/A280 ratio is low. What's wrong? A low A260/A280 ratio suggests contamination with proteins. Review your purification steps and ensure they are effective.
4. How can I prevent DNA degradation during extraction? Always work on ice, use DNase inhibitors, and minimize exposure to harsh chemicals.
5. What should I do if my DNA yield is very low? Carefully examine each step of the protocol for potential bottlenecks. Increase lysis time, optimize buffers, and ensure effective purification.
| dna extraction lab answer key: Forensic DNA Biology Kelly M. Elkins, 2012-09-11 A collection of forensic DNA typing laboratory experiments designed for academic and training courses at the collegiate level. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: The Molecular Basis of Heredity A.R. Peacocke, R.B. Drysdale, 2013-12-17 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: National Science Education Standards National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Science Education, National Committee on Science Education Standards and Assessment, 1995-12-07 Americans agree that our students urgently need better science education. But what should they be expected to know and be able to do? Can the same expectations be applied across our diverse society? These and other fundamental issues are addressed in National Science Education Standardsâ€a landmark development effort that reflects the contributions of thousands of teachers, scientists, science educators, and other experts across the country. The National Science Education Standards offer a coherent vision of what it means to be scientifically literate, describing what all students regardless of background or circumstance should understand and be able to do at different grade levels in various science categories. The standards address: The exemplary practice of science teaching that provides students with experiences that enable them to achieve scientific literacy. Criteria for assessing and analyzing students' attainments in science and the learning opportunities that school science programs afford. The nature and design of the school and district science program. The support and resources needed for students to learn science. These standards reflect the principles that learning science is an inquiry-based process, that science in schools should reflect the intellectual traditions of contemporary science, and that all Americans have a role in improving science education. This document will be invaluable to education policymakers, school system administrators, teacher educators, individual teachers, and concerned parents. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis T. A. Brown, 2013-04-25 Known world-wide as the standard introductory text to this important and exciting area, the sixth edition of Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis addresses new and growing areas of research whilst retaining the philosophy of the previous editions. Assuming the reader has little prior knowledge of the subject, its importance, the principles of the techniques used and their applications are all carefully laid out, with over 250 clearly presented four-colour illustrations. In addition to a number of informative changes to the text throughout the book, the final four chapters have been significantly updated and extended to reflect the striking advances made in recent years in the applications of gene cloning and DNA analysis in biotechnology. Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis remains an essential introductory text to a wide range of biological sciences students; including genetics and genomics, molecular biology, biochemistry, immunology and applied biology. It is also a perfect introductory text for any professional needing to learn the basics of the subject. All libraries in universities where medical, life and biological sciences are studied and taught should have copies available on their shelves. ... the book content is elegantly illustrated and well organized in clear-cut chapters and subsections... there is a Further Reading section after each chapter that contains several key references... What is extremely useful, almost every reference is furnished with the short but distinct author's remark. –Journal of Heredity, 2007 (on the previous edition) |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Basic Techniques in Molecular Biology Stefan Surzycki, 2012-12-06 This laboratory manual gives a thorough introduction to basic techniques. It is the result of practical experience, with each protocol having been used extensively in undergraduate courses or tested in the authors laboratory. In addition to detailed protocols and practical notes, each technique includes an overview of its general importance, the time and expense involved in its application and a description of the theoretical mechanisms of each step. This enables users to design their own modifications or to adapt the method to different systems. Surzycki has been holding undergraduate courses and workshops for many years, during which time he has extensively modified and refined the techniques described here. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 2002 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Plant Molecular Biology Manual Stanton Gelvin, 2013-11-11 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics, Policy and Global Affairs, Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community, 2009-07-29 Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Molecular Microbiology Laboratory Walt Ream, Bruce Geller, Katherine Field, 2012-08-31 Intends to teach principles and techniques of molecular biology and microbial ecology to upper-level undergraduates majoring in the life sciences and to develop students' scientific writing skills. This title exposes students to the molecular-based techniques. It provides faculty with an accessible resource for teaching protocols.--WorldCat. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology Yi-Wei Tang, Charles W. Stratton, 2007-01-16 Clinical microbiologists are engaged in the field of diagnostic microbiology to determine whether pathogenic microorganisms are present in clinical specimens collected from patients with suspected infections. If microorganisms are found, these are identified and susceptibility profiles, when indicated, are determined. During the past two decades, technical advances in the field of diagnostic microbiology have made constant and enormous progress in various areas, including bacteriology, mycology, mycobacteriology, parasitology, and virology. The diagnostic capabilities of modern clinical microbiology laboratories have improved rapidly and have expanded greatly due to a technological revolution in molecular aspects of microbiology and immunology. In particular, rapid techniques for nucleic acid amplification and characterization combined with automation and user-friendly software have significantly broadened the diagnostic arsenal for the clinical microbiologist. The conventional diagnostic model for clinical microbiology has been labor-intensive and frequently required days to weeks before test results were available. Moreover, due to the complexity and length of such testing, this service was usually directed at the hospitalized patient population. The physical structure of laboratories, staffing patterns, workflow, and turnaround time all have been influenced profoundly by these technical advances. Such changes will undoubtedly continue and lead the field of diagnostic microbiology inevitably to a truly modern discipline. Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology provides a comprehensive and up-to-date description of advanced methods that have evolved for the diagnosis of infectious diseases in the routine clinical microbiology laboratory. The book is divided into two sections. The first techniques section covers the principles and characteristics of techniques ranging from rapid antigen testing, to advanced antibody detection, to in vitro nucleic acid amplification techniques, and to nucleic acid microarray and mass spectrometry. Sufficient space is assigned to cover different nucleic acid amplification formats that are currently being used widely in the diagnostic microbiology field. Within each technique, examples are given regarding its application in the diagnostic field. Commercial product information, if available, is introduced with commentary in each chapter. If several test formats are available for a technique, objective comparisons are given to illustrate the contrasts of their advantages and disadvantages. The second applications section provides practical examples of application of these advanced techniques in several hot spots in the diagnostic field. A diverse team of authors presents authoritative and comprehensive information on sequence-based bacterial identification, blood and blood product screening, molecular diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases, advances in mycobacterial diagnosis, novel and rapid emerging microorganism detection and genotyping, and future directions in the diagnostic microbiology field. We hope our readers like this technique-based approach and your feedback is highly appreciated. We want to thank the authors who devoted their time and efforts to produce their chapters. We also thank the staff at Springer Press, especially Melissa Ramondetta, who initiated the whole project. Finally, we greatly appreciate the constant encouragement of our family members through this long effort. Without their unwavering faith and full support, we would never have had the courage to commence this project. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: The Nucleic Acid Protocols Handbook Ralph Rapley, 2008-06-29 A comprehensive treasury of all the key molecular biology methods-ranging from DNA extraction to gene localization in situ-needed to function effectively in the modern laboratory. Each of the 120 highly successful techniques follows the format of the much acclaimed Methods in Molecular BiologyOao series, providing an introduction to the scientific basis of each technique, a complete listing of all the necessary materials and reagents, and clear step-by-step instruction to permit error-free execution. Included for each technique are notes about pitfalls to avoid, troubleshooting tips, alternate methods, and explanations of the reasons for certain steps-all key elements contributing significantly to success or failure in the lab. The Nucleic Acid Protocols Handbook constitutes today's most comprehensive collection of all the key classic and cutting-edge techniques for the successful isolation, analysis, and manipulation of nucleic acids by both experienced researchers and those new to the field. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Ambitious Science Teaching Mark Windschitl, Jessica Thompson, Melissa Braaten, 2020-08-05 2018 Outstanding Academic Title, Choice Ambitious Science Teaching outlines a powerful framework for science teaching to ensure that instruction is rigorous and equitable for students from all backgrounds. The practices presented in the book are being used in schools and districts that seek to improve science teaching at scale, and a wide range of science subjects and grade levels are represented. The book is organized around four sets of core teaching practices: planning for engagement with big ideas; eliciting student thinking; supporting changes in students’ thinking; and drawing together evidence-based explanations. Discussion of each practice includes tools and routines that teachers can use to support students’ participation, transcripts of actual student-teacher dialogue and descriptions of teachers’ thinking as it unfolds, and examples of student work. The book also provides explicit guidance for “opportunity to learn” strategies that can help scaffold the participation of diverse students. Since the success of these practices depends so heavily on discourse among students, Ambitious Science Teaching includes chapters on productive classroom talk. Science-specific skills such as modeling and scientific argument are also covered. Drawing on the emerging research on core teaching practices and their extensive work with preservice and in-service teachers, Ambitious Science Teaching presents a coherent and aligned set of resources for educators striving to meet the considerable challenges that have been set for them. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General, 2010 This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Commission on Life Sciences, Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update, 1996-12-12 In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Molecular Techniques in Taxonomy Godfrey M. Hewitt, Andrew W.B. Johnston, J.Peter W. Young, 2013-06-29 Taxonomy is fundamental to understanding the variety of life forms, and exciting expansions in molecular biology are re- volutionising the obtained data. This volume reviews the ma- jor molecular biological techniques that are applied in ta- xonomy. The chapters are arranged in three main sections:1) Overviews of important topics in molecular taxonomy; 2) Case studies of the successful application of molecular methods to taxonomic and evolutionary questions; 3) Protocols for a range of generally applicable methods. The described techni- ques include DNA-DNA hybridization, DNA fingerprinting, RFLP analysis, and PCR sequencing. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Current Protocols in Molecular Biology , |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Introduction to Biology National Agricultural Institute, 2014-08-27 Introduction to Biology, is one in a series of Just The Facts (JTF) textbooks created by the National Agricultural Institute for secondary and postsecondary programs in biology, agriculture, food and natural resources (AFNR). This is a bold, new approach to textbooks. The textbook presents the essential knowledge of introductory biology in outline format. This essential knowledge is supported by a main concept, learning objectives and key terms at the beginning of each section references and a short assessment at the end of each section. Content of the book is further enhanced for student learning by connecting with complementary PowerPoint presentations and websites through QR codes (scanned by smart phones or tablets) or URLs. The textbook is available in print and electronic formats. To purchase electronic copies, inquire at: info@national-ag-institute.org |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Anthrax in Humans and Animals World Health Organization, 2008 This fourth edition of the anthrax guidelines encompasses a systematic review of the extensive new scientific literature and relevant publications up to end 2007 including all the new information that emerged in the 3-4 years after the anthrax letter events. This updated edition provides information on the disease and its importance, its etiology and ecology, and offers guidance on the detection, diagnostic, epidemiology, disinfection and decontamination, treatment and prophylaxis procedures, as well as control and surveillance processes for anthrax in humans and animals. With two rounds of a rigorous peer-review process, it is a relevant source of information for the management of anthrax in humans and animals. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: The Polymerase Chain Reaction Kary B. Mullis, Francois Ferre, Richard A. Gibbs, 2012-02-02 James D. Watson When, in late March of 1953, Francis Crick and I came to write the first Nature paper describing the double helical structure of the DNA molecule, Francis had wanted to include a lengthy discussion of the genetic implications of a molecule whose struc ture we had divined from a minimum of experimental data and on theoretical argu ments based on physical principles. But I felt that this might be tempting fate, given that we had not yet seen the detailed evidence from King's College. Nevertheless, we reached a compromise and decided to include a sentence that pointed to the biological significance of the molecule's key feature-the complementary pairing of the bases. It has not escaped our notice, Francis wrote, that the specific pairing that we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material. By May, when we were writing the second Nature paper, I was more confident that the proposed structure was at the very least substantially correct, so that this second paper contains a discussion of molecular self-duplication using templates or molds. We pointed out that, as a consequence of base pairing, a DNA molecule has two chains that are complementary to each other. Each chain could then act . . . as a template for the formation on itself of a new companion chain, so that eventually we shall have two pairs of chains, where we only had one before and, moreover, ... |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Learning to Solve Problems David H. Jonassen, 2004-05-03 Learning to Solve Problems is a much-needed book thatdescribes models for designing interactive learning environments tosupport how to learn and solve different kinds of problems. Using aresearch-based approach, author David H. Jonassen?a recognizedexpert in the field?shows how to design instruction to supportthree kinds of problems: story problems, troubleshooting, and caseand policy analysis problems. Filled with models and job aids, thisbook describes different approaches for representing problems tolearners and includes information about technology-based tools thatcan help learners mentally represent problems for themselves.Jonassen also explores methods for associating different solutionsto problems and discusses various processes for reflecting on theproblem solving process. Learning to Solve Problems alsoincludes three methods for assessing problem-solvingskills?performance assessment, component skills; and argumentation. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Molecular Microbial Ecology Manual Antoon D. L. Akkermans, Jan Dirk Van Elsas, Frans J. De Bruijn, 2014-01-13 For a long time microbial ecology has been developed as a distinct field within Ecology. In spite of the important role of microorganisms in the environment, this group of 'invisible' organisms remained unaccessable to other ecologists. Detection and identification of microorganisms remain largely dependent on isolation techniques and characterisation of pure cul tures. We now realise that only a minor fraction of the microbial com munity can be cultivated. As a result of the introduction of molecular methods, microbes can now be detected and identified at the DNA/RNA level in their natural environment. This has opened a new field in ecology: Molecular Microbial Ecology. In the present manual we aim to introduce the microbial ecologist to a selected number of current molecular techniques that are relevant in micro bial ecology. The first edition of the manual contains 33 chapters and an equal number of additional chapters will be added this year. Since the field of molecular ecology is in a continuous progress, we aim to update and extend the Manual regularly and will invite anyone to depo sit their new protocols in full detail in the next edition of this Manual. We hope this book finds its place where it was born: at the lab bench! Antoon D.L. Akkermans, Jan Dirk van Elsas and Frans J. de Bruijn March 1995 Molecular Microbial Ecology Manual 1.3.6: 1-8, 1996. © 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Assessing Genetic Risks Institute of Medicine, Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks, 1994-01-01 Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and designer genes, genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Exploring Creation with Biology Jay L. Wile, Marilyn F. Durnell, 2005-01-01 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Your Genes, Your Choices Catherine Baker, 1996 Program discusses the Human Genome Project, the science behind it, and the ethical, legal and social issues raised by the project. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Formative Report on the Extraction of Strawberry DNA Clarissa Rasshleen, 2023-03-28 Forschungsarbeit aus dem Jahr 2021 im Fachbereich Biologie - Genetik / Gentechnologie, , Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: This is a formative report. The aim is to investigate the strawberry DNA by extracting it using isopropyl alcohol and a DNA extraction solution to learn more about the DNA. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: DNA Barcodes Ida Lopez, David L. Erickson, 2012-06-12 A DNA barcode in its simplest definition is one or more short gene sequences taken from a standardized portion of the genome that is used to identify species through reference to DNA sequence libraries or databases. In DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used with DNA barcodes. These methods include the latest information on techniques for generating, applying, and analyzing DNA barcodes across the Tree of Life including animals, fungi, protists, algae, and plants. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, the chapters include the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results in the laboratory. Thorough and intuitive, DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols aids scientists in continuing to study methods from wet-lab protocols, statistical, and ecological analyses along with guides to future, large-scale collections campaigns. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: ABA Standards for Criminal Justice American Bar Association. Criminal Justice Standards Committee, 2007 Although the Standards in this volume are considered part of the set of Third Edition ABA Criminal Justice Standards, the earlier editions did not include standards on DNA evidence. Therefore, the Standards included here are the first ABA Criminal Justice Standards on DNA Evidence.--Page iii. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: The Transforming Principle Maclyn McCarty, 1986 Forty years ago, three medical researchers--Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty--made the discovery that DNA is the genetic material. With this finding was born the modern era of molecular biology and genetics. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Concepts of Biology Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Using DNA to Solve Cold Cases U.s. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, 2012-07-18 DNA has proven to be a powerful tool in the fight against crime. DNA evidence can identify suspects, convict the guilty, and exonerate the innocent. Throughout the Nation, criminal justice professionals are discovering that advancements in DNA technology are breathing new life into old, cold, or unsolved criminal cases. Evidence that was previously unsuitable for DNA testing because a biological sample was too small or degraded may now yield a DNA profile. Development of the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) at the State and national levels enables law enforcement to aid investigations by effectively and efficiently identifying suspects and linking serial crimes to each other. The National Commission on the Future of DNA Evidence made clear, however, that we must dedicate more resources to empower law enforcement to use this technology quickly and effectively. Using DNA to Solve Cold Cases is intended for use by law enforcement and other criminal justice professionals who have the responsibility for reviewing and investigating unsolved cases. This report will provide basic information to assist agencies in the complex process of case review with a specific emphasis on using DNA evidence to solve previously unsolvable crimes. Although DNA is not the only forensic tool that can be valuable to unsolved case investigations, advancements in DNA technology and the success of DNA database systems have inspired law enforcement agencies throughout the country to reevaluate cold cases for DNA evidence. As law enforcement professionals progress through investigations, however, they should keep in mind the array of other technology advancements, such as improved ballistics and fingerprint databases, which may substantially advance a case beyond its original level. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Bacterial Genetics and Genomics Lori Snyder, Lori A.S. Snyder, 2024-04-29 Understanding of bacterial genetics and genomics is fundamental to understanding bacteria and higher organisms, as well. Novel insights in the fields of genetics and genomics are challenging the once clear borders between the characteristics of bacteria and other life. Biological knowledge of the bacterial world is being viewed under a new light with input from genetic and genomics. Replication of bacterial circular and linear chromosomes, coupled (and uncoupled) transcription and translation, multiprotein systems that enhance survival, wide varieties of ways to control gene and protein expression, and a range of other features all influence the diversity of the microbial world. This text acknowledges that readers have varied knowledge of genetics and microbiology. Therefore, information is presented progressively, to enable all readers to understand the more advanced material in the book. This second edition of Bacterial Genetics and Genomics updates the information from the first edition with advances made over the past five years. This includes descriptions for 10 types of secretion systems, bacteria that can be seen with the naked eye, and differences between coupled transcription-translation and the uncoupled runaway transcription in bacteria. Topic updates include advances in bacteriophage therapy, biotechnology, and understanding bacterial evolution. Key Features Genetics, genomics, and bioinformatics integrated in one place Over 400 full-colour illustrations explain concepts and mechanisms throughout and are available to instructors for download A section dedicated to the application of genetics and genomics techniques, including a chapter devoted to laboratory techniques, which includes useful tips and recommendations for protocols, in addition to troubleshooting and alternative strategies Bulleted key points summarize each chapter Extensive self-study questions related to the chapter text and several discussion topics for study groups to explore further This book is extended and enhanced through a range of digital resources that include: Interactive online quizzes for each chapter Flashcards that allow the reader to test their understanding of key terms from the book Useful links for online resources associated with Chapters 16 and 17 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Molecular Cloning Joseph Sambrook, 2003 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Lessons Learned from 9/11 National Institute of Justice (U.S.), 2006 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Biology for AP ® Courses Julianne Zedalis, John Eggebrecht, 2017-10-16 Biology for AP® courses covers the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester Advanced Placement® biology course. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology for AP® Courses was designed to meet and exceed the requirements of the College Board’s AP® Biology framework while allowing significant flexibility for instructors. Each section of the book includes an introduction based on the AP® curriculum and includes rich features that engage students in scientific practice and AP® test preparation; it also highlights careers and research opportunities in biological sciences. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: BeQuest Donald E. Kersemeier, 2010-08 The author uses a diary, letters, personal memories and conversations, and eventually DNA evidence to verify the identity of his birth father, Donald Duddleston Plant. He also creates narratives, imagining dialogues that might have occurred, among others, between his mother, Agnes Neumann Kersemeier, and Plant, who died in the attack on Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Principles of Biology Lisa Bartee, Walter Shiner, Catherine Creech, 2017 The Principles of Biology sequence (BI 211, 212 and 213) introduces biology as a scientific discipline for students planning to major in biology and other science disciplines. Laboratories and classroom activities introduce techniques used to study biological processes and provide opportunities for students to develop their ability to conduct research. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Subcellular Fractionation Paul R. Pryor, 2015 Eukaryotic cells are remarkably complex structures, containing a vast repertoire of macromolecules, organelles, and other compartments that orchestrate the tasks required for life. For in-depth studies of their function and composition, reliable methods for the isolation of specific subcellular structures are often required. This laboratory manual provides step-by-step protocols for the extraction of subcellular components from animal tissues, yeasts, plants, and cultured cells. Each chapter focuses on a particular eukaryotic organelle, vesicle, membrane, or macromolecular complex. Strategies for breaking cells while maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the component of interest, enriching for that component based on its physical and biochemical characteristics, and monitoring and ensuring the success of the purification procedure are provided. The contributors describe both traditional approaches (e.g., density gradient centrifugation) and innovative techniques (e.g., the use of SPIONs) for isolating subcellular constituents. This manual is therefore an essential laboratory resource for all cell biologists seeking a comprehensive collection of dependable subcellular fractionation methods. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Fruit Report T. T. Lyon, 1892 |
| dna extraction lab answer key: The Boy Who Changed the World Andy Andrews, 2010-08-29 Did you know that what you do today can change the world forever? The Boy Who Changed the World opens with a young Norman Borlaug playing in his family’s cornfields with his sisters. One day, Norman would grow up and use his knowledge of agriculture to save the lives of two billion people. Two billion! Norman changed the world! Or was it Henry Wallace who changed the world? Or maybe it was George Washington Carver? This engaging story reveals the incredible truth that everything we do matters! Based on The Butterfly Effect, Andy’s timeless tale shows children that even the smallest of our actions can affect all of humanity. The book is beautifully illustrated and shares the stories of Nobel Laureate Norman Borlaug, Vice President Henry Wallace, Inventor George Washington Carver, and Farmer Moses Carver. Through the stories of each, a different butterfly will appear. The book will end with a flourish of butterflies and a charge to the child that they, too, can be the boy or girl who changes the world. |
| dna extraction lab answer key: Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence , 1994 |
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Lab: Strawberry DNA Extraction - doralacademyprep.org
Jan 25, 2012 · Lab: Strawberry DNA Extraction Objectives: 1. Know how to extract DNA from strawberries 2. Observe what DNA looks like to the naked eye 3. Learn that DNA is found in …
Strawberry DNA Can you extract DNA from a strawberry?
Strawberries are a great choice for a DNA extraction lab because they are octoploid, meaning that they have eight copies of each type of DNA chromosome. (Human cells are generally diploid, …
Strawberry DNA Extraction - University of Queensland
Below is more information on DNA, and how the experiment works to extract and make visible this tiny molecule. What does DNA stand for? DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is a …
Lesson Plan DNA Extraction from Bacteria - Dolan DNA …
“Characteristics of Bacteria” from the Student Lab Notebook. As a pre-lab exit strategy, ask each group to respond to one of the questions that they may now be able to answer and hand it to …
Artificial Life Extracting DNA from Bananas - loreescience
about four minutes. Do not shake. The white material coming out of solution as a precipitate is DNA. 8. Dip the glass rod into the tube, slowly rotating it to spool out the banana’s DNA. …
DNA Extraction from Kiwifruit - University of Pennsylvania
DNA Extraction from Kiwifruit Student Instructions Introduction DNA is present in the cells of all living organisms. This procedure is designed to extract DNA from kiwi in sufficient quantity to …
Dna Fingerprinting Lab Answer Key - spenden.medair.org
PDF Dna Fingerprinting Lab Answer Key FuseSchool Dna Fingerprinting Lab Answer Key DNA “fingerprints” left behind by sea turtles offer scientists a simple, powerful way of tracking the …
DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells - PBworks
Supplementary Lab: DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells The same general procedures, with little modification, for extracting DNA can be used with a ... Remember that collaboration is the key …
DNA EXTRACTION LAB - WPMU DEV
1 DNA Extraction Lab-CIBT Version DNA EXTRACTION LAB ACTIVITY AT A GLANCE Goal: To introduce students to DNA extraction techniques and to isolate genomic DNA from insects and …
Lab on a Chip - ResearchGate
Lab on a Chip PAPER Cite this: DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00543e Received 29th May 2018, Accepted 1st August 2018 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00543e rsc.li/loc Multiplex sample-to-answer detection of bacteria
DNA Extraction Inquiry Lab Essentials of Biotechnology …
11. The DNA will float, or precipitate, into the alcohol layer. If there is copious DNA in the extraction, it will appear as a translucent, thread-like substance that resembles wet cotton. …
DNA Extraction From Onion - staff.4j.lane.edu
Lesson Plan - DNA Extraction From Onion Introduction DNA is present in the cells of all living organisms. This procedure is designed to extract DNA from onion in sufficient quantity to be …
Comparison Chart Plant and Animal Cells ANSWER SHEET
Title: Microsoft Word - Comparison Chart Plant and Animal Cells ANSWER SHEET.doc Author: mcbrien Created Date: 3/10/2009 11:45:48 AM
LESSON DNA Profiling Using STRs Educator Materials
Apr 9, 2016 · In Part 1 of this lesson, students learn the basics of DNA profiling, including the structure and inheritance of STRs. In Part 2, students learn how DNA profiles are compiled …
Berries…with a side of DNA? - Towson University
Analyze and interpret data collected during an investigation on DNA extraction from food. (Laboratory activity) 5. Construct an explanation using evidence collected during an …
Strawberry DNA Extraction - LaGuardia Community College
2. In order to study our genes, scientists must extract the DNA from human tissue. Would you expect the method of DNA extraction we used for the strawberry to be the same for human …
Experiment #5: DNA Extraction from Fruits - KU
DNA Extraction process DNA is an incredibly small molecule, but in large quantities, it can be seen. In this activity, you will extract DNA from banana, strawberry and kiwi fruits. We are …
DNA EXTRACTION - University of Alaska system
AKSCI ©2011 Alaska Department of Education and Early Development DNA Extraction DNA EXTRACTION Overview: Students will harvest cheek cells and conduct a lab exercise to …
Lab 3: PCR - Vanderbilt University
LAB 3: PCR 6 Key Elements for PCR DNA DNA from the arthropod DNA extraction (Lab 2) will be amplified during PCR. Heat is used to unwind the double stranded DNA, resulting in two …
DNA Extraction Worksheet: Strawberry - University of …
DNA Extraction Worksheet: Strawberry Background: The long, thick fibers of DNA store the information for the functioning of the chemistry of life. DNA is present in every cell of plants …
DNA Extraction: Strawberry Background - rocklinusd.org
extraction buffer will help provide us access to the DNA inside the cells. Pre-lab questions: 1. What do you think the DNA will look like? 2. Where is DNA found? Materials: heavy duty ziploc …
Lab 2: DNA Extraction - Vanderbilt University
LAB 2: DNA EXTRACTION 2 Page Contents Introduction 3 Introduction to DNA 4 Cellular DNA 5 Wolbachia Localization 6 Technical Overview Lab Activity 7-8 Pre-Lab Questions 9-10 DNA …
The Evolution Lab ANSWER KEY
The Evolution Lab ANSWER KEY MISSON 4: Biogeography: Where Life Lives Introductory video: 1. Sample answer: They are carried by wind or water from nearby landmasses. 2. b 3. b 4. …
Using DNA Barcodes to Identify and Classify Living Things
bars in a universal product code (UPC) identifies each consumer product, a “DNA barcode” is a unique pattern of DNA sequence that can potentially identify each living thing. Short DNA …
EXTRACTION OF DNA FROM CALF THYMUS CELLS - Purdue …
DNA of a prokaryotic cell. For example, the DNA of a single human chromosome is about 30 times larger than the DNA of E. coli. Human cells contain 46 chromosomes and the average …
Artificial Life Viewing Activity Teacher Notes Extracting DNA
Artificial Life Viewing Activity Teacher Notes As discussed in the program, for something to be called living or alive, it must be able to reproduce. Cells are the functional units of living things.
Taste of Genetics MiniLab
Day 1: PTC Taste Test and DNA Extraction 8 Day 2: Set up and Run Your PCR Amplification 13 Day 3: Restriction Digest and Gel Electrophoresis 19 Gel Analysis 25 Appendix A – Glossary …
Modeling the Structure of DNA - BioInteractive
ANSWER KEY: ANALYSIS QUESTIONS 1. To create the second strand of the model, you linked nitrogenous bases that were “complementary” to each ... Explain your answer. No, DNA would …
Biology of SARS-CoV-2 - BioInteractive
• answer keys for the “Version 1” and “Version 2” worksheets • references that provide more background on the science in the animations and worksheets Additional information related to …
Have Your DNA and Eat it Too - University of Utah
DNA double helices, each containing one original and one new strand. DNA replication is an important part of the cell division process. Before a cell divides, it first du-plicates its DNA so …
DNA Extraction Lab B - Wardisiani
DNA Extraction Lab Basic Level Student Version Credits: Austin CC BioTechEd project; Donald Bell, OCCC project. DNA Extraction Lab A complete copy of DNA is found in every cell in any …
Strawberry DNA Extraction Activity - Carl R. Woese Institute …
• Apron or Lab Coat Parent Notes: Please note, varying methods of strawberry DNA extraction experiments may be found. The following activity has been adapted for ... • Why are …
The Double Helix TEACHER MATERIALS - BioInteractive
KEY TERMS DNA, experiment, Meselson, nucleotide, replication, semiconservative, conservative, dispersive, Stahl ... This would include 25 minutes to read through the activity …
Berry Full of DNA - stelmobrady.egr.uh.edu
membranes to separate the DNA from the other cellparts. Third, you will filter the solid material out with a piece of cheeseclothand collect the liquid containing the DNA. Finally, you …
Name: Period: Date: DNA Extraction: Strawberries
Name: Period: Date: Page 6 Extracting DNA from Strawberries Standard H3 S2: Design and conduct a controlled experiment, field study or other investigation to make systematic …
Protocol: DNA extraction from a tomato - SimplyScience
8. The DNA is now visible as a „white ball“ between ethanol and water. Look for clumps of white stringy stuff where the water and alcohol layers meet. If you want, you can try to grab the DNA …
How to extract DNA from a strawberry - National Human …
release the DNA. 3. Mix together 2 teaspoons of detergent, 1 teaspoon of salt and 1/2 cup of water . in a plastic cup. This will be your DNA extraction liquid. Dish detergent Salt Water. 4. …
II. At-Home Chelex Ant DNA Extraction
to the clear supernatant at the top of each DNA extraction. Avoid placing the disc in the Chelex. Allow the disc to soak in the extract for 1 hour. DNA Learning Center, Cold Spring Harbor …
Cell Cycle and Mitosis Investigation KEY - Amazon Web …
Cell Cycle and Mitosis Lab KEY Analysis: 1. In what stage were the majority of cells? Why do you think this is the case? Interphase – (Answers as to why may vary but should be similar to …
DNA Extraction Experiment - Discovery Centre
DNA Extraction Experiment LESSON PLAN Lesson summary In this lesson, students follow instructions to conduct an experiment that will allow them to extract DNA from strawberries …
DNA Extraction Toolbox MiniLab - theminione.com
In this inquiry-based lab you will design experiments to test the effectiveness of various reagents and procedures for extracting DNA from wheat germ, the embryo part of the wheat seed which …
SCIENCE AT HOME - DNA EXTRACTION - GRADE: 12
strands of DNA start to emerge. Dip your skewer into the DNA — it should stick to the skewer as you turn it — and gently reel it out. DNA EXTRACTION GRADE: 12 SBI4U SUBJECT: …
Dna Structure Paper Model Lab Answer Key (PDF)
Dna Structure Paper Model Lab Answer Key eBook Subscription Services Dna Structure Paper Model Lab Answer Key Budget-Friendly Options 6. Navigating Dna Structure Paper Model Lab …
3 Paternity Lab Paternity Lab 3. Who's Your Daddy?
running electricity through the gel. The shorter DNA segments move farther through the gel. • A DNA fingerprint is the unique order of DNA segments that reflect each person’s unique DNA. …
Lab 3: PCR - wolbachiaproject.org
LAB 3: PCR 6 Key Elements for PCR DNA DNA from the arthropod DNA extraction (Lab 2) will be amplified during PCR. Heat is used to unwind the double stranded DNA, resulting in two …
Strawberry DNA Extraction Lab - agclassroom.org
Feb 24, 2017 · the DNA (cause it to come out of the solution) and make it become visible. The colder the rubbing alcohol, the less soluble the DNA will be in it, so make sure to keep it cold. …
Using a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism to Predict Bitter …
DNA extraction and amplification (all kits): £ 1.5 g Chelex® resin £ 700 µL PTC primer/loading dye mix £ 25 *Ready-to-Go™ PCR Beads ... LAB FLOW I. ISOLATE DNA BY SALINE …
DNA EXTRACTION AND QUANTIFICATION - UMass
Lab 1: DNA Extraction Goal for this lab: Extract DNA from various leafy vegetables. Introduction In this lab, we will extract DNA from common salad ingredients. The DNA we obtain today can be …
