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Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice – A Deeper Dive into Unsung History
Claudette Colvin. A name that, for many, may not immediately ring a bell, yet her story is a vital, often overlooked, chapter in the American Civil Rights Movement. This post delves deep into the life and courageous actions of Claudette Colvin, exploring her pivotal role – often overshadowed – in the fight for racial equality, and examining the complexities of her story as presented in the powerful biography, "Twice Toward Justice." We’ll unpack her defiance, the legal battles, and the lasting legacy she left, ensuring her story receives the recognition it deserves.
H2: The Seeds of Defiance: Claudette Colvin's 1955 Bus Refusal
Nine months before Rosa Parks’ iconic act of defiance, Claudette Colvin, a fifteen-year-old Black teenager, refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery, Alabama bus. Unlike the meticulously planned and politically strategic approach often associated with the Parks’ protest, Colvin’s act was spontaneous, born out of raw frustration and a deep-seated weariness with the daily indignities of segregation. She was arrested, charged with violating Montgomery’s Jim Crow laws, and her case became a critical prelude to the Montgomery Bus Boycott. This impulsive act of defiance, though less publicized at the time, laid important groundwork for the larger movement.
H3: Why Colvin's Story Was Initially Suppressed
Colvin's story wasn't immediately embraced by the burgeoning Civil Rights movement leadership. Several factors contributed to this: She was a teenager, unmarried, and pregnant outside of wedlock. These factors were considered socially unacceptable in the conservative climate of the time, making her a less palatable figurehead for the movement. The strategic decision to highlight Rosa Parks' image instead was likely driven by a need to present a more palatable and universally accepted symbol of resistance. This deliberate silencing highlights the often complex and fraught politics within social movements.
H2: "Twice Toward Justice": Unpacking the Book and its Significance
"Twice Toward Justice: The Untold Story of Claudette Colvin" by Phillip Hoose meticulously recounts Colvin’s experience. The book offers a powerful counter-narrative, restoring Colvin to her rightful place as a significant figure in the Civil Rights struggle. It sheds light on the complexities of her arrest, the legal battles that followed, and the personal sacrifices she endured. The title itself speaks volumes, referencing not only her initial fight against segregation but also her subsequent lifelong battle for recognition and justice for the suppression of her story.
H3: The Legal Battles and Their Impact
Colvin's case, unlike Parks', faced significant legal challenges. The NAACP, initially hesitant due to Colvin's circumstances, eventually took on her case. The legal strategy employed in Colvin's case served as a template, albeit less publicly recognized, for the landmark Brown v. Board of Education case that challenged the constitutionality of segregated schools. Despite the legal setbacks, Colvin’s bravery became an invaluable precedent for future legal challenges to segregation.
H2: Colvin's Enduring Legacy and Continued Relevance
While Rosa Parks became a global icon, Claudette Colvin’s story remained largely unknown for decades. However, the publication of "Twice Toward Justice" has brought her courageous act back into the spotlight, enriching the broader narrative of the Civil Rights Movement. Colvin’s story isn’t just a historical footnote; it serves as a powerful reminder of the multifaceted nature of social change and the importance of acknowledging the contributions of all those who fought for justice. Her experience highlights the often-overlooked voices and challenges faced by those who bravely challenged injustice.
H2: Learning from Claudette Colvin's Story: A Call to Action
Colvin’s story compels us to examine the narratives we tell and the histories we preserve. Her experience underscores the importance of inclusivity and the need to recognize the contributions of all those who fought for equality. It teaches us about the complexities of social movements and the importance of centering the voices that have historically been marginalized. Her courage should inspire us to continue fighting for social justice and equity in our own time.
Conclusion:
Claudette Colvin's story, as meticulously documented in "Twice Toward Justice," is a crucial addition to the narrative of the American Civil Rights Movement. Her bravery, though initially overshadowed, laid the groundwork for monumental change and serves as a vital reminder of the importance of recognizing unsung heroes and the intricate tapestry of resistance that led to significant social progress. Her life serves as a powerful testament to the ongoing struggle for equality and justice.
FAQs:
1. Why wasn't Claudette Colvin chosen as the face of the Montgomery Bus Boycott? Several factors contributed, including her age, pregnancy, and social standing. The NAACP sought a more universally palatable figurehead to maximize the movement’s impact.
2. What was the outcome of Claudette Colvin's legal case? While her case didn't immediately achieve a landmark victory, it laid important legal groundwork and contributed to the larger strategy to challenge segregation.
3. How did "Twice Toward Justice" impact Claudette Colvin's life? The book brought her story to a wider audience, leading to greater recognition and a platform to share her experiences.
4. What is the significance of the title "Twice Toward Justice"? It refers to both her initial fight against segregation and her subsequent struggle for recognition and acknowledgement of her pivotal role.
5. How can we learn from Claudette Colvin's experience today? Colvin's story teaches us about the complexities of social change, the importance of inclusive narratives, and the continued need to fight for justice and equality.
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin Phillip Hoose, 2009-01-20 NATIONAL BOOK AWARD WINNER AND NEWBERY HONOR BOOK ● Before Rosa Parks, there was 15-year-old Claudette Colvin. Read the first in-depth account of an important yet largely unknown civil rights figure in this multi-award winning, mega-selling biography from the incomparable Phillip Hoose. “When it comes to justice, there is no easy way to get it. You can't sugarcoat it. You have to take a stand and say, ‘This is not right.’” —Claudette Colvin On March 2, 1955, an impassioned teenager, fed up with the daily injustices of Jim Crow segregation, refused to give her seat to a white woman on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama. Instead of being celebrated as Rosa Parks would be just nine months later, fifteen-year-old Claudette Colvin found herself shunned by her classmates and dismissed by community leaders. Undaunted, a year later she dared to challenge segregation again as a key plaintiff in Browder v. Gayle, the landmark case that struck down the segregation laws of Montgomery and swept away the legal underpinnings of the Jim Crow South. Based on extensive interviews with Claudette Colvin and many others, Phillip Hoose presents the first major biography of a remarkable civil rights hero, skillfully weaving her riveting story into the fabric of the historic Montgomery bus boycott and court case that would change the course of American history. Awards and Praise for Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice National Book Award Winner A Newbery Honor Book A YALSA Award for Excellence in Nonfiction for Young Adults Finalist A Robert F. Sibert Honor Book Amazon.com 100 Biographies and Memoirs to Read in a Lifetime “Hoose's book, based in part on interviews with Colvin and people who knew her—finally gives her the credit she deserves.” —The New York Times Book Review “Claudette's eloquent bravery is unforgettable.” —The Wall Street Journal ★ “This inspiring title shows the incredible difference that a single young person can make.” —Booklist, starred review |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin Phillip Hoose, 2010-12-21 When it comes to justice, there is no easy way to get it. You can't sugarcoat it. You have to take a stand and say, 'This is not right.' - Claudette Colvin On March 2, 1955, an impassioned teenager, fed up with the daily injustices of Jim Crow segregation, refused to give her seat to a white woman on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama. Instead of being celebrated as Rosa Parks would be just nine months later, fifteen-year-old Claudette Colvin found herself shunned by her classmates and dismissed by community leaders. Undaunted, a year later she dared to challenge segregation again as a key plaintiff in Browder v. Gayle, the landmark case that struck down the segregation laws of Montgomery and swept away the legal underpinnings of the Jim Crow South. Based on extensive interviews with Claudette Colvin and many others, Phillip Hoose presents the first in-depth account of an important yet largely unknown civil rights figure, skillfully weaving her dramatic story into the fabric of the historic Montgomery bus boycott and court case that would change the course of American history. Claudette Colvin is the National Book Award Winner for Young People's Literature, a Newbery Honor Book, A YALSA Award for Excellence in Nonfiction for Young Adults Finalist, and a Robert F. Sibert Honor Book. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin Phillip Hoose, 2009-01-20 NATIONAL BOOK AWARD WINNER AND NEWBERY HONOR BOOK ● Before Rosa Parks, there was 15-year-old Claudette Colvin. Read the first in-depth account of an important yet largely unknown civil rights figure in this multi-award winning, mega-selling biography from the incomparable Phillip Hoose. “When it comes to justice, there is no easy way to get it. You can't sugarcoat it. You have to take a stand and say, ‘This is not right.’” —Claudette Colvin On March 2, 1955, an impassioned teenager, fed up with the daily injustices of Jim Crow segregation, refused to give her seat to a white woman on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama. Instead of being celebrated as Rosa Parks would be just nine months later, fifteen-year-old Claudette Colvin found herself shunned by her classmates and dismissed by community leaders. Undaunted, a year later she dared to challenge segregation again as a key plaintiff in Browder v. Gayle, the landmark case that struck down the segregation laws of Montgomery and swept away the legal underpinnings of the Jim Crow South. Based on extensive interviews with Claudette Colvin and many others, Phillip Hoose presents the first major biography of a remarkable civil rights hero, skillfully weaving her riveting story into the fabric of the historic Montgomery bus boycott and court case that would change the course of American history. Awards and Praise for Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice National Book Award Winner A Newbery Honor Book A YALSA Award for Excellence in Nonfiction for Young Adults Finalist A Robert F. Sibert Honor Book Amazon.com 100 Biographies and Memoirs to Read in a Lifetime “Hoose's book, based in part on interviews with Colvin and people who knew her—finally gives her the credit she deserves.” —The New York Times Book Review “Claudette's eloquent bravery is unforgettable.” —The Wall Street Journal ★ “This inspiring title shows the incredible difference that a single young person can make.” —Booklist, starred review |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin Refuses to Move Ebony Wilkins, 2020 It's March 2, 1955, and an ordinary 15-year-old girl from Montgomery, Alabama is about to do something extraordinary. When a white bus driver orders Claudette Colvin to give up her seat for a white passenger, she refuses to move. After Claudette is arrested, her brave actions help inspire Civil Rights leaders organize bus boycotts and perform similar acts to defy segregation laws. Eventually, Claudette's court case results in overturning Alabama's unconstitutional laws and provides greater freedom for black Americans everywhere-- |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: We Were There, Too! Phillip Hoose, 2001-08-08 THE STORY OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE PLAYED IN AMERICAN HISTORY. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Boys Who Challenged Hitler Phillip Hoose, 2015-05-12 At the outset of World War II, Denmark did not resist German occupation. Deeply ashamed of his nation's leaders, fifteen-year-old Knud Pedersen resolved with his brother and a handful of schoolmates to take action against the Nazis if the adults would not. Naming their secret club after the fiery British leader, the young patriots in the Churchill Club committed countless acts of sabotage, infuriating the Germans, who eventually had the boys tracked down and arrested. But their efforts were not in vain: the boys' exploits and eventual imprisonment helped spark a full-blown Danish resistance. Interweaving his own narrative with the recollections of Knud himself, here is Phillip Hoose's inspiring story of these young war heroes. This thoroughly-researched and documented book can be worked into multiple aspects of the common core curriculum. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Beyond Heroes and Holidays Enid Lee, Deborah Menkart, Margo Okazawa-Rey, 2002 Interdisciplinary manual analyzes the roots of racism through lessons and readings by numerous educators. Issues such as tracking, parent/school relations, and language policies are addressed along with readings and lessons for pre- and in-service staff development. All levels. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Race to Save the Lord God Bird Phillip Hoose, 2014-08-26 The tragedy of extinction is explained through the dramatic story of a legendary bird, the Ivory-billed Woodpecker, and of those who tried to possess it, paint it, shoot it, sell it, and, in a last-ditch effort, save it. A powerful saga that sweeps through two hundred years of history, it introduces artists like John James Audubon, bird collectors like William Brewster, and finally a new breed of scientist in Cornell's Arthur A. Doc Allen and his young ornithology student, James Tanner, whose quest to save the Ivory-bill culminates in one of the first great conservation showdowns in U.S. history, an early round in what is now a worldwide effort to save species. As hope for the Ivory-bill fades in the United States, the bird is last spotted in Cuba in 1987, and Cuban scientists join in the race to save it. All this, plus Mr. Hoose's wonderful story-telling skills, comes together to give us what David Allen Sibley, author of The Sibley Guide to Birds calls the most thorough and readable account to date of the personalities, fashions, economics, and politics that combined to bring about the demise of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker. The Race to Save the Lord God Bird is the winner of the 2005 Boston Globe - Horn Book Award for Nonfiction and the 2005 Bank Street - Flora Stieglitz Award. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks Jeanne Theoharis, 2021-02-02 A must-read for young people.”—Bryan Stevenson, author of Just Mercy Now adapted for readers ages 12 and up, the award-winning biography that examines Rosa Parks’s life and 60 years of radical activism and brings the civil rights movement in the North and South to life The basis for the documentary of the same name executive produced by award-winning journalist Soledad O’Brien, now streaming on Peacock. The documentary is the recepient of the 2022 Television Academy Honors Award. A Chicago Public Library’s “Best of the Best Books of 2021” Selection · A Kirkus Reviews “Best YA Biography and Memoir of 2021” Selection Rosa Parks is one of the most well-known Americans today, but much of what is known and taught about her is incomplete, distorted, and just plain wrong. Adapted for young people from the NAACP Image Award–winning The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks, Jeanne Theoharis and Brandy Colbert shatter the myths that Parks was meek, accidental, tired, or middle class. They reveal a lifelong freedom fighter whose activism began two decades before her historic stand that sparked the Montgomery bus boycott and continued for 40 years after. Readers will understand what it was like to be Parks, from standing up to white supremacist bullies as a young person to meeting her husband, Raymond, who showed her the possibility of collective activism, to her years of frustrated struggle before the boycott, to the decade of suffering that followed for her family after her bus arrest. The book follows Parks to Detroit, after her family was forced to leave Montgomery, Alabama, where she spent the second half of her life and reveals her activism alongside a growing Black Power movement and beyond. Because Rosa Parks was active for 60 years, in the North as well as the South, her story provides a broader and more accurate view of the Black freedom struggle across the twentieth century. Theoharis and Colbert show young people how the national fable of Parks and the civil rights movement—celebrated in schools during Black History Month—has warped what we know about Parks and stripped away the power and substance of the movement. The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks illustrates how the movement radically sought to expose and eradicate racism in jobs, housing, schools, and public services, as well as police brutality and the over-incarceration of Black people—and how Rosa Parks was a key player throughout. Rosa Parks placed her greatest hope in young people—in their vision, resolve, and boldness to take the struggle forward. As a young adult, she discovered Black history, and it sustained her across her life. The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks will help do that for a new generation. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin Phillip Thomas Tucker, 2020-05-12 Nearly a year before Rosa Parks became the public face of the Civil Rights Movement, a fifteen-year-old student of Montgomery, Alabama, made her own heroic stand in defying white authority and discriminatory segregation laws. Claudette Colvin refused to give up her seat to a white woman on Wednesday, March 2, 1955 as required by law. Inspired by the courage of freedom fighter and Underground Railroad leader Harriet Tubman to maintain her defiant stance, Claudette was arrested and thrown into the city jail, despite being only a juvenile. Most importantly, Claudette's brave actions sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott Movement and the Civil Rights Movement, inspiring not only Rosa Parks, but also Dr. Martin Luther King. This is the unforgettable story of an American heroine who helped to change the world. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin , 2011 |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Who Was Rosa Parks? Yona Zeldis McDonough, Who HQ, 2010-12-23 In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give her bus seat to a white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama. This seemingly small act triggered civil rights protests across America and earned Rosa Parks the title Mother of the Civil Rights Movement. This biography has black-and-white illustrations throughout. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Moonbird Phillip Hoose, 2014-03-25 B95 can feel it: a stirring in his bones and feathers. It's time. Today is the day he will once again cast himself into the air, spiral upward into the clouds, and bank into the wind. He wears a black band on his lower right leg and an orange flag on his upper left, bearing the laser inscription B95. Scientists call him the Moonbird because, in the course of his astoundingly long lifetime, this gritty, four-ounce marathoner has flown the distance to the moon—and halfway back! B95 is a robin-sized shorebird, a red knot of the subspecies rufa. Each February he joins a flock that lifts off from Tierra del Fuego, headed for breeding grounds in the Canadian Arctic, nine thousand miles away. Late in the summer, he begins the return journey. B95 can fly for days without eating or sleeping, but eventually he must descend to refuel and rest. However, recent changes at ancient refueling stations along his migratory circuit—changes caused mostly by human activity—have reduced the food available and made it harder for the birds to reach. And so, since 1995, when B95 was first captured and banded, the worldwide rufa population has collapsed by nearly 80 percent. Most perish somewhere along the great hemispheric circuit, but the Moonbird wings on. He has been seen as recently as November 2011, which makes him nearly twenty years old. Shaking their heads, scientists ask themselves: How can this one bird make it year after year when so many others fall? National Book Award–winning author Phillip Hoose takes us around the hemisphere with the world's most celebrated shorebird, showing the obstacles rufa red knots face, introducing a worldwide team of scientists and conservationists trying to save them, and offering insights about what we can do to help shorebirds before it's too late. With inspiring prose, thorough research, and stirring images, Hoose explores the tragedy of extinction through the triumph of a single bird. Moonbird is one The Washington Post's Best Kids Books of 2012. A Common Core Title. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Freedom's Children Ellen S. Levine, 2000-12-01 In this inspiring collection of true stories, thirty African-Americans who were children or teenagers in the 1950s and 1960s talk about what it was like for them to fight segregation in the South-to sit in an all-white restaurant and demand to be served, to refuse to give up a seat at the front of the bus, to be among the first to integrate the public schools, and to face violence, arrest, and even death for the cause of freedom. Thrilling...Nothing short of wonderful.-The New York Times Awards: ( A School Library Journal Best Book of the Year ( A Booklist Editors' Choice |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott Connie Colwell Miller, 2012 Recounts the life of Rosa Parks and her actions which led to equality for African American on public transportation. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Hey Little Ant Phillip M. Hoose, Hannah Hoose, Debbie Tilley, 1998 A song in which an ant pleads with the kid who is tempted to squish it. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Three Days Donna Jo Napoli, 2003-07-14 While driving in the Italian countryside, eleven-year-old Jackie's father suddenly collapses at the wheel. Fear for her father's life quickly turns to terror when two Italian men kidnap her and drive to their remote home in the countryside. Jackie soon discovers that her captors are actually a family, plagued by a mysterious secret. Award-winning novelist Donna Jo Napoli has created a haunting thriller that gives life to Jackie's utter desperation and determination to escape. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Let Your Voice Be Heard Anita Silvey, 2016-08-02 Pete Seeger, the iconic folk musician and multiple Grammy winner, discovered early in life that what he wanted to do was make music. His amazing career as singer, songwriter, and banjo player spanned seven decades, and included both low points (being charged with contempt of Congress) and highlights (receiving the Kennedy Center Honor from President Clinton). An activist and protester, Seeger crusaded for the rights of labor, the rights of people of color, and the First Amendment right to let his voice be heard, and launched the successful campaign to clean up the Hudson River. Archival photographs and prints, source notes, bibliography, index. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: It's Our World, Too! Phillip Hoose, 2002-09-25 It's Our World, Too is the invaluable companion to the award-winning We Were There, Too!: Young People in U.S. History. The book gives young readers the tools to bring about change. Many young people are seeking out ways to become constructively engaged in their world. This book couldn't be more timely. “Two books in one: first, fourteen fascinating accounts of children working for human rights, the needy, the environment, or world peace . . . Second, a handbook for young activists, with practical suggestions for planning, organizing, publicizing, and raising funds for social action projects.” -- Kirkus Reviews |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Attucks! Phillip Hoose, 2018-10-23 Attucks! is true story of the all-black high school basketball team that broke the color barrier in segregated 1950s Indiana, masterfully told by National Book Award winner Phil Hoose. By winning the state high school basketball championship in 1955, ten teens from an Indianapolis school meant to be the centerpiece of racially segregated education in the state shattered the myth of their inferiority. Their brilliant coach had fashioned an unbeatable team from a group of boys born in the South and raised in poverty. Anchored by the astonishing Oscar Robertson, a future college and NBA star, the Crispus Attucks Tigers went down in history as the first state champions from Indianapolis and the first all-black team in U.S. history to win a racially open championship tournament—an integration they had forced with their on-court prowess. From native Hoosier and award-winning author Phillip Hoose comes this true story of a team up against impossible odds, making a difference when it mattered most. An ALA Notable Book of 2019 NYPL Best Book for Teens of 2018 A 2018 Booklist Youth Editors' Choice A Center for the Study of Multicultural Children's Literature Best Book of 2018 A Kirkus Reviews Best YA Nonfiction Book of 2018 An ALSC Notable Children's Book of 2019 A YALSA Excellence in Nonfiction Award Nominee This title has Common Core connections. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Freedom Walkers Russell Freedman, 2009-02-28 A riveting account of the civil rights boycott that changed history by the foremost author of history for young people. Now a classic, Freedman’s book tells the dramatic stories of the heroes who stood up against segregation and Jim Crow laws in 1950s Alabama. Full of eyewitness reports, iconic photographs from the era, and crucial primary sources, this work brings history to life for modern readers. This engaging look at one of the best-known events of the American Civil Rights Movement feels immediate and relevant, reminding readers that the Boycott is not distant history, but one step in a fight for equality that continues today. Freedman focuses not only on well-known figures like Claudette Colvin, Rosa Parks, and Martin Luther King Jr., but on the numerous people who contributed by organizing carpools, joining protests, supporting legal defense efforts, and more. He showcases an often-overlooked side of activism and protest-- the importance of cooperation and engagement, and the ways in which ordinary people can stand up for their beliefs and bring about meaningful change in the world around them. Freedom Walkers has long been a library and classroom staple, but as interest in the history of protest and the Civil Rights Movement grows, it’s a perfect introduction for anyone looking to learn more about the past-- and an inspiration to take action and shape the future. Recipient of an Orbis Pictus Honor, the Flora Stieglitz Straus Award, and the Jane Addams Peace Association Honor Book Award, Freedom Walkers received five starred reviews. A map, source notes, full bibliography, and other backmatter is included. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Women who Started it Jo Ann Gibson Robinson, 1987 Explains how Robinson and the Women's Political Caucus started the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1954 |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Frog Under a Coconut Shell Josephine Chia, 2002 This book is based on the true story of the author, of how her own mother struggled for her right to educate her daughters despite her own parochial experience in a small kampong. This highly nostalgic and evocative book pays tribute to her mother's courageous journey from the bloom of youth to her affliction with Alzheimer's disease in old age. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Someday Is Now Olugbemisola Rhuday-Perkovich, 2018-08-07 Not only does this book highlight an important civil rights activist, it can serve as an introduction to child activism as well as the movement itself. Valuable. — Kirkus Reviews starred review Relatable and meaningful ... A top addition to nonfiction collections. — School Library Journal starred review More than a year before the Greensboro sit-ins, a teacher named Clara Luper led a group of young people to protest the segregated Katz drugstore by sitting at its lunch counter. With simple, elegant art, Someday Is Now tells the inspirational story of this unsung hero of the Civil Rights movement. As a child, Clara Luper saw how segregation affected her life. When she grew up, Clara led the movement to desegregate Oklahoma stores and restaurants that were closed to African Americans. With courage and conviction, she led young people to “do what had to be done.” Perfect for early elementary age kids in encouraging them to do what is right and stand up for what is right, even at great cost, this is a powerful story about the power of nonviolent activism. Someday Is Now challenges young people to ask how they will stand up against something they know is wrong. Kids are inspired to follow the lessons of bravery taught by civil rights pioneers like Clara Luper. This moving title includes additional information on Clara Luper’s extraordinary life, her lessons of nonviolent resistance, and a glossary of key civil rights people and terms. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Girl from the Tar Paper School Teri Kanefield, 2014-01-07 Before the Little Rock Nine, before Rosa Parks, before Martin Luther King Jr. and his March on Washington, there was Barbara Rose Johns, a teenager who used nonviolent civil disobedience to draw attention to her cause. In 1951, witnessing the unfair conditions in her racially segregated high school, Barbara Johns led a walkout—the first public protest of its kind demanding racial equality in the U.S.—jumpstarting the American civil rights movement. Ridiculed by the white superintendent and school board, local newspapers, and others, and even after a cross was burned on the school grounds, Barbara and her classmates held firm and did not give up. Her school’s case went all the way to the Supreme Court and helped end segregation as part of Brown v. Board of Education. Barbara Johns grew up to become a librarian in the Philadelphia school system. The Girl from the Tar Paper School mixes biography with social history and is illustrated with family photos, images of the school and town, and archival documents from classmates and local and national news media. The book includes a civil rights timeline, bibliography, and index. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: March: Book Three John Lewis, Andrew Aydin, 2016-08-02 Welcome to the stunning conclusion of the award-winning and best-selling MARCH trilogy. Congressman John Lewis, an American icon and one of the key figures of the civil rights movement, joins co-writer Andrew Aydin and artist Nate Powell to bring the lessons of history to vivid life for a new generation, urgently relevant for today's world. By the fall of 1963, the Civil Rights Movement has penetrated deep into the American consciousness, and as chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, John Lewis is guiding the tip of the spear. Through relentless direct action, SNCC continues to force the nation to confront its own blatant injustice, but for every step forward, the danger grows more intense: Jim Crow strikes back through legal tricks, intimidation, violence, and death. The only hope for lasting change is to give voice to the millions of Americans silenced by voter suppression: One Man, One Vote. To carry out their nonviolent revolution, Lewis and an army of young activists launch a series of innovative campaigns, including the Freedom Vote, Mississippi Freedom Summer, and an all-out battle for the soul of the Democratic Party waged live on national television. With these new struggles come new allies, new opponents, and an unpredictable new president who might be both at once. But fractures within the movement are deepening ... even as 25-year-old John Lewis prepares to risk everything in a historic showdown high above the Alabama river, in a town called Selma. Winner of the 2016 National Book Award for Young People's Literature #1 New York Times Bestseller 2017 Coretta Scott King Author Award Winner 2017 Michael L. Printz Award Winner 2017 Robert F. Sibert Informational Book Medal Winner 2017 YALSA Award for Excellence in Nonfiction - Winner 2017 Walter Dean Myers Award for Outstanding Children's Literature - Winner 2017 Flora Stieglitz Straus Award Winner 2017 LA Times Book Prize for Young Adult Literature - Finalist |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin Cathleen Small, 2019-12-15 Before there was Rosa Parks, there was Claudette Colvin. This fearless black teenager, who studied civil rights at her segregated high school in Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white person. She felt and believed it violated her rights as a United States citizen. Colvin began a movement that led to the Montgomery bus boycott, a pivotal event in the civil rights movement. Fast facts and sidebars support the narrative and provide intriguing asides about the quiet girl who sat for what she believed in. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Sittin' Up Shelia P. Moses, 2015-01-22 When the patriarch of twelve-year-old Bean's sharecropping community dies, Bean gets a lesson in not only what it means to lose someone you love, but also in how his family and friends care for their dead-- |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon Louis François Joseph baron de Bausset-Roquefort, 1828 |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Red Sings from Treetops Joyce Sidman, 2009-04-06 Includes a reader's guide and an author's note. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Marley Dias Gets It Done: And So Can You! Marley Dias, 2018-01-30 Marley Dias, the powerhouse girl-wonder who started the #1000blackgirlbooks campaign, speaks to kids about her passion for making our world a better place, and how to make their dreams come true! Marley Dias, the powerhouse girl-wonder who started the #1000blackgirlbooks campaign, speaks to kids about her passion for making our world a better place, and how to make their dreams come true!In this accessible guide with an introduction by Academy Award-nominated filmmaker Ava DuVernay, Marley Dias explores activism, social justice, volunteerism, equity and inclusion, and using social media for good. Drawing from her experience, Marley shows kids how they can galvanize their strengths to make positive changes in their communities, while getting support from parents, teachers, and friends to turn dreams into reality. Focusing on the importance of literacy and diversity, Marley offers suggestions on book selection, and delivers hands-on strategies for becoming a lifelong reader. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Faith, Hope, and Ivy June Phyllis Reynolds Naylor, 2009-06-09 When push comes to shove, two Kentucky girls find strength in each other. Ivy June Mosely and Catherine Combs, two girls from different parts of Kentucky, are participating in the first seventh-grade student exchange program between their schools. The girls will stay at each other’s homes, attend school together, and record their experience in their journals. Catherine and her family have a beautiful home with plenty of space. Since Ivy June’s house is crowded, she lives with her grandparents. Her Pappaw works in the coal mines supporting four generations of kinfolk. Ivy June can’t wait until he leaves that mine forever and retires. As the girls get closer, they discover they’re more alike than different, especially when they face the terror of not knowing what’s happening to those they love most. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Who Am I Without Him? (Coretta Scott King Author Honor Title) Sharon Flake, 2009-11-01 Guys and girls get together, get played, and get real. Who Am I Without Him? is a Booklist Top Ten Romance Novel for Teens and is breaking new and necessary ground in twelve short stories about guys and girls falling in and out of love and relationships, testing out ways to communicate with one another, respect each other -- and respect themselves. This is a complex, often humorous, and always on-point exploration of today's teens determined to find love and self-worth . . . any way they know how. Note: this is potentially going to be in a bind-up with You Don't Even Know Me. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Pies from Nowhere: How Georgia Gilmore Sustained the Montgomery Bus Boycott Dee Romito, 2018-11-06 This stunning picture book looks into the life of Georgia Gilmore, a hidden figure of history who played a critical role in the civil rights movement and used her passion for baking to help the Montgomery Bus Boycott achieve its goal. Georgia decided to help the best way she knew how. She worked together with a group of women and together they purchased the supplies they needed-bread, lettuce, and chickens. And off they went to cook. The women brought food to the mass meetings that followed at the church. They sold sandwiches. They sold dinners in their neighborhoods. As the boycotters walked and walked, Georgia cooked and cooked. Georgia Gilmore was a cook at the National Lunch Company in Montgomery, Alabama. When the bus boycotts broke out in Montgomery after Rosa Parks was arrested, Georgia knew just what to do. She organized a group of women who cooked and baked to fund-raise for gas and cars to help sustain the boycott. Called the Club from Nowhere, Georgia was the only person who knew who baked and bought the food, and she said the money came from nowhere to anyone who asked. When Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested for his role in the boycott, Georgia testified on his behalf, and her home became a meeting place for civil rights leaders. This picture book highlights a hidden figure of the civil rights movement who fueled the bus boycotts and demonstrated that one person can make a real change in her community and beyond. It also includes one of her delicious recipes for kids to try with the help of their parents! |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Judge Frank Sikora, 2007-08-01 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., led the black drive for civil rights, but the changes he sought came largely in legal opinions issues by federal judges. Foremost of these was Frank Minis Johnson, Jr., of Montgomery, Alabama, who presided over some of the most emotional hearings and trials of the rights movement—hearings brimming with dramatic and poignant testimony from the black people who cried out for the freedoms that are the legacy of all Americans. Beginning with Judge Johnson’s coming-of-age in the hill country of Winston County, Alabama, this book covers many of his notable cases: the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the Freedom Rides, school desegregation, the Selma-to-Montgomery march, and the night-rider slaying of Viola Liuzzo, as well as Johnson’s work for prisoners, women, and the mentally ill. Much of the book is comprised of interviews and direct quotes from Johnson himself, making this recounting of Judge Johnson’s life dynamically autobiographical. Includes a new introduction and afterward by the author, Frank Sikora. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Show Way Jacqueline Woodson, 2005-09-08 Winner of a Newbery Honor! Soonie's great-grandma was just seven years old when she was sold to a big plantation without her ma and pa, and with only some fabric and needles to call her own. She pieced together bright patches with names like North Star and Crossroads, patches with secret meanings made into quilts called Show Ways -- maps for slaves to follow to freedom. When she grew up and had a little girl, she passed on this knowledge. And generations later, Soonie -- who was born free -- taught her own daughter how to sew beautiful quilts to be sold at market and how to read. From slavery to freedom, through segregation, freedom marches and the fight for literacy, the tradition they called Show Way has been passed down by the women in Jacqueline Woodson's family as a way to remember the past and celebrate the possibilities of the future. Beautifully rendered in Hudson Talbott's luminous art, this moving, lyrical account pays tribute to women whose strength and knowledge illuminate their daughters' lives. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Claudette Colvin: I Want Freedom Now! Claudette Colvin, Phillip Hoose, 2024-11-12 Civil rights icon Claudette Colvin teams up with Phillip Hoose—author of the Newbery Honor and National Book Award-winning blockbuster biography Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice—to tell her groundbreaking story in this unforgettable picture book illustrated by New York Times–bestselling artist Bea Jackson. Montgomery, Alabama 1955. Fifteen-year-old Claudette Colvin is tired. Tired of white people thinking they’re better than her. Tired of going to separate schools and separate bathrooms. Most of all, she’s tired of having to give up her seat on the bus whenever a white person tells her to. She wants freedom NOW! But what can one teenager do? On a bus ride home from school one day, young Claudette takes a stand for justice and refuses to get up from her seat—nine months before Rosa Parks will become famous for doing the same. What follows will not only transform Claudette’s life but the course of history itself. In the words of Claudette Colvin herself, as told to acclaimed nonfiction writer Phillip Hoose, this empowering, heroic story illustrates how one simple act of courage can create real and lasting change. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: The Montgomery Bus Boycott Jeff Hay, 2012 This book opens with background information on the 1955-56 Montgomery Bus Boycott, presents the controversies surrounding the event, and includes narratives from people who witnessed or participated in the event. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Streetcar to Justice Amy Hill Hearth, 2018-01-02 Starred reviews hail Streetcar to Justice as a book that belongs in any civil rights library collection (Publishers Weekly) and completely fascinating and unique” (Kirkus). An ALA Notable Book and winner of a Septima Clark Book Award from the National Council for the Social Studies. Bestselling author and journalist Amy Hill Hearth uncovers the story of a little-known figure in U.S. history in this fascinating biography. In 1854, a young African American woman named Elizabeth Jennings won a major victory against a New York City streetcar company, a first step in the process of desegregating public transportation in Manhattan. This illuminating and important piece of the history of the fight for equal rights, illustrated with photographs and archival material from the period, will engage fans of Phillip Hoose’s Claudette Colvin and Steve Sheinkin’s Most Dangerous. One hundred years before Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, Elizabeth Jennings’s refusal to leave a segregated streetcar in the Five Points neighborhood of Manhattan set into motion a major court case in New York City. On her way to church one day in July 1854, Elizabeth Jennings was refused a seat on a streetcar. When she took her seat anyway, she was bodily removed by the conductor and a nearby police officer and returned home bruised and injured. With the support of her family, the African American abolitionist community of New York, and Frederick Douglass, Elizabeth Jennings took her case to court. Represented by a young lawyer named Chester A. Arthur (a future president of the United States) she was victorious, marking a major victory in the fight to desegregate New York City’s public transportation. Amy Hill Hearth, bestselling author of Having Our Say: The Delany Sisters’ First 100 Years, illuminates a lesser-known benchmark in the struggle for equality in the United States, while painting a vivid picture of the diverse Five Points neighborhood of Manhattan in the mid-1800s. Includes sidebars, extensive illustrative material, notes, and an index. |
| claudette colvin twice toward justice: Bus Ride to Justice Fred D. Gray, 2013-01-01 Lawyer for Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King, Jr., the Montgomery bus boycott, the Tuskegee syphilis study, the desegregation of Alabama schools and the Selma march, and founder of the Tuskegee human and civil rights multicultural center. |
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