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Understanding Ethiopia's Civil Code: A Comprehensive Guide
Navigating the legal landscape of any country can be daunting, and Ethiopia is no exception. Understanding its legal framework is crucial for businesses, individuals, and anyone interacting with Ethiopian law. This comprehensive guide delves into the intricacies of the Civil Code of Ethiopia, providing a clear and concise overview to help you grasp its key aspects. We will explore its historical context, fundamental principles, and practical applications, making complex legal concepts accessible to a wider audience. Whether you're a legal professional, a business owner, or simply curious about Ethiopian law, this post will equip you with the essential knowledge you need.
H2: Historical Context: The Evolution of Ethiopian Civil Law
Ethiopia's legal system has a rich and complex history, influenced by its unique cultural and political landscape. Before the adoption of the current Civil Code, Ethiopian law was a blend of customary practices, religious laws (primarily Orthodox Christianity and Islam), and remnants of colonial-era legislation. The modern Civil Code represents a significant shift towards a codified, unified legal system. Its enactment aimed to modernize the legal framework, providing a consistent and predictable basis for resolving civil disputes and regulating civil transactions. Understanding this historical context is vital to appreciate the nuances and underlying principles of the current code.
H2: Key Principles of the Ethiopian Civil Code
The Ethiopian Civil Code, enacted in 1960 (with subsequent amendments), is grounded in several core principles. These principles serve as the bedrock for interpreting and applying its provisions:
#### H3: Good Faith and Fair Dealing:
A cornerstone of the code, this principle emphasizes honesty and transparency in all civil transactions. Parties are expected to act in good faith towards each other, fostering trust and cooperation.
#### H3: Protection of Individual Rights:
The Code prioritizes the protection of fundamental individual rights, including property rights, contractual rights, and personal rights. It strives to ensure a fair and equitable legal environment for all citizens.
#### H3: Emphasis on Equity and Justice:
The code aims to achieve a balance between legal formalism and equitable outcomes. While adhering to established legal procedures, it seeks to arrive at just and fair resolutions in civil disputes.
#### H3: Influence of Customary Law:
While aiming for a unified system, the Civil Code acknowledges the continuing relevance of customary law in certain areas, particularly in matters of family law and property rights in rural communities. This reflects an attempt to balance modernization with cultural preservation.
H2: Major Areas Covered by the Civil Code
The Ethiopian Civil Code covers a vast range of civil matters, including:
#### H3: Contract Law:
This section outlines the rules governing the formation, validity, and enforcement of contracts. It addresses issues such as offer and acceptance, consideration, capacity to contract, and remedies for breach of contract.
#### H3: Property Law:
This encompasses various aspects of property ownership, including acquisition, transfer, and protection of rights. It defines different types of property, addresses issues of inheritance, and regulates land ownership.
#### H3: Family Law:
This section governs marriage, divorce, custody, and child support. It incorporates elements of both customary and modern legal principles, reflecting the diversity of family structures in Ethiopia.
#### H3: Torts and Damages:
The code outlines the principles of liability for civil wrongs (torts) and the remedies available to victims. It addresses issues such as negligence, defamation, and breach of trust.
H2: Challenges and Future Developments
Despite its importance, the Ethiopian Civil Code faces challenges in its implementation and application. These include limited access to legal services, particularly in rural areas, and the ongoing need for legal education and awareness among the general population. Furthermore, the rapid economic and social changes in Ethiopia necessitate ongoing review and potential amendments to the Code to ensure its continued relevance and effectiveness. Efforts to update and modernize the code are crucial to address these challenges and adapt it to the evolving needs of the country.
H2: Accessing the Ethiopian Civil Code
Finding complete English translations of the Ethiopian Civil Code can be challenging. While official translations may be limited, various legal databases and academic institutions may offer excerpts or commentaries on specific aspects of the code. Consultations with Ethiopian legal professionals are highly recommended for accurate interpretation and application of the code in specific situations.
Conclusion
The Ethiopian Civil Code plays a vital role in shaping the country's legal landscape. Understanding its historical context, principles, and areas of application is crucial for navigating civil matters in Ethiopia. While challenges remain, the ongoing efforts towards modernization and improvement suggest a commitment to ensuring a fair and effective legal system. This guide offers a fundamental understanding, but further research and professional legal advice are always recommended when dealing with complex legal issues.
FAQs
1. Is the Ethiopian Civil Code available online in English? Complete English translations are not readily available online, but excerpts and commentaries may be found through academic databases and legal resources.
2. How does customary law interact with the Civil Code? The Civil Code acknowledges customary law in certain areas, particularly in family and rural land matters, creating a hybrid system.
3. What are the major challenges facing the implementation of the Civil Code? Limited access to legal services, legal awareness, and adapting the code to rapid societal changes pose significant challenges.
4. Who can interpret the Ethiopian Civil Code effectively? Qualified Ethiopian legal professionals are best equipped to interpret and apply the code accurately.
5. Are there ongoing efforts to revise or update the Civil Code? Yes, continuous efforts are made to review and amend the Code to address evolving societal and economic needs.
| civil code ethiopia: Commentary on Contracts in Ethiopia René David, 1973 |
| civil code ethiopia: Grass-roots Justice in Ethiopia Collectif, 2016-07-28 This book presents a timely review of the relations between the formal and customary justice systems in Ethiopia, and offers recommendations for legal reform. The book provides cases studies from all the Region of Ethiopia based on field research on the working of customary dispute resolution (CDR) institutions, their mandates, compositions, procedures and processes. The cases studies also document considerable unofficial linkages with the state judicial system, and consider the advantages as well as the limitations of customary institutions with respect to national and international law. The editor's introduction reviews the history of state law and its relations with customary law, summarises the main findings by region as well as as on inter-ethnic issues, and draws conclusions about social and legal structures, principles of organization, cultural concepts and areas, and judicial processes. The introduction also addresses the questions of inclusion and exclusion on the basis of gerontocratic power, gender, age and marginalised status, and the gradual as well as remarkable recent transformations of CDR institutions. The editor's conclusion reviews the characteristics, advantages and limitations of CDR institutions. A strong case is made for greater recognition of customary systems and better alliance with state justice, while safeguarding individual and minority rights. The editors suggest that the current context of greater decentralization opens up opportunities for pratical collaboration between the systems by promoting legal pluralism and reform, thereby enhancing local level justice delivery. The editors conclude by proposing a range of options for more meaningful partnership for consideration by policy makers, the legal profession and other stakeholders. In memory of Aberra Jembere and Dinsa Lepisa. Cover: Elders at peace ceremony in Arbore, 1993. |
| civil code ethiopia: Islamic Law and Civil Code Richard A. Debs, 2010-07-28 Richard A. Debs analyzes the classical Islamic law of property based on the Shari'ah, traces its historic development in Egypt, and describes its integration as a source of law within the modern format of a civil code. He focuses specifically on Egypt, a country in the Islamic world that drew upon its society's own vigorous legal system as it formed its modern laws. He also touches on issues that are common to all such societies that have adopted, either by choice or by necessity, Western legal systems. Egypt's unique synthesis of Western and traditional elements is the outcome of an effort to respond to national goals and requirements. Its traditional law, the Shari'ah, is the fundamental law of all Islamic societies, and Debs's analysis of Egypt's experience demonstrates how Islamic jurisprudence can be sophisticated, coherent, rational, and effective, developed over centuries to serve the needs of societies that flourished under the rule of law. |
| civil code ethiopia: Ethiopian Contract Law Girma Gizaw, 2002 |
| civil code ethiopia: On the Constitutionality of Compiling a Civil Code of China Zhu Wang, 2019-11-15 This book explains the urgent necessity to compile a Civil Code and calls for constitutional awareness in compiling that Civil Code, highlighting the need for it to be done in a democratic and scientific manner. It advocates “Pragmatic Methods” as a new approach to compiling a Civil Code of China and shares the author’s thoughts on the constitutionality of compiling a Civil Code, explains the object that is to be judged in terms of its constitutionality, and the constitutionality of legal interpretation, of legislative procedures and of legal application. The book also illustrates the author’s “mode of the codifying of non-basic laws” for compiling a Civil Code, and includes a detailed discussion on compiling a Civil Code to reveal how many valid laws there are China – a matter that is of vital importance to the compilation of the Civil Code.The Appendix includes statistics on the number of civil cases classified according to causes of actions, based on “Judicial Opinions of China” website, which is the first step of the author’s plan to investigate civil customs reflected in judgment documents with the help of big-data analytical methods. |
| civil code ethiopia: The silent features of the Ethiopian law of sales in context of CISG, UNIDROIT principle, and PECL Ermias Birhanu Alaro, 2015-08-14 Legal Analysis ON the silent features (the major aspect) of the Ethiopian law of sales in context of CISG, UNIDROIT principle, and PECL. In cases where CISG is applied by the Ethiopian courts, UNIDROIT Principles can be used in order to supplement the CISG. Moreover, just as CISG can be applied when it is chosen by the contracting parties in Ethiopia, UNIDROIT Principles can also be applied. The other possibility for the application of CISG and UNIDROIT Principles is as an expression of lex mercatoria by arbitral tribunals in Ethiopia. Pursuant to Article 1713 of the Ethiopian civil code, which provides that contracting parties are bound not only by the express provisions of their agreement but also by such incidental effects as may be attached to it considering trade usage, custom and good faith, CISG and UNIDROIT ,PECL can be referred to. Determining what practices are considered trade custom and usage may beg, for a very strong reason, giving attention to such documents. The CISG and UNIDROIT Principles may be applied as a draft for contracts. This involves incorporating part or all of the provisions into their contract. Obviously, here the court applies the provisions as it applies the terms of the contract. “This is not exactly a choice of law clause unless the parties chose the law of a Contracting State, having the state’s implementation of the CISG in mind. Instead it is to be viewed as a drafting technique which uses the provisions of the CISG as a kind of model contract”. Generally, an international contract occurs when a contract involving parties which have business place in different countries are involved or different national in deferent place or the same national in different place. In such case the parties might apply a law of their choice provided that their choice is sustainable at law. In the absence of such choice certain international documents like CISG and the supplementing document of UNIDROIT,PECL can be applied upon the fulfillment of certain conditions as per the general provision of these instrument itself. The conditions relate to when rules of conflict of law orders the application of these documents, when there is lex mercatoria or trade usage; and when the parties agree on the application of CISG. |
| civil code ethiopia: An Introduction to the Legal History of Ethiopia, 1434-1974 ʼAbarā Ǧambaré, 2000 This is the first English-language overview of the history of Ethiopian law. It describes the main features of its unique development on the basis of indigenous customary law and Roman-Byzantine legal traditions. The study also pays attention to the codification of laws and modernization of the judicial system undertaken in the reign of Emperor Haile Sellassie (1930-1974), and to matters of procedural and court justice. Throughout, topics and areas for further research are identified. |
| civil code ethiopia: Principles of European Contract Law Commission on European Contract Law, 2000-01-01 This text provides a comprehensive guide to the principles of European contract law. They have been drawn up by an independent body of experts from each Member State of the EU, under a project supported by the European Commission and many other organizations. The principles are stated in the form of articles, with a detailed commentary explaining the purpose and operation of each article and its relation to the remainder. Each article also has extensive comparative notes surveying the national laws and other international provisions on the topic. |
| civil code ethiopia: Implementation of International Human Rights Commitments and the Impact on Ongoing Legal Reforms in Ethiopia Wolfgang Benedek, Tadesse Kassa Woldetsadik, Tesfaye Abate Abebe, 2020 This edited volume on Implementation of International Human Rights Commitments and Implications on Ongoing Legal Reforms in Ethiopiaaddresses key themes of contemporary interest focused on identifying the gaps between Ethiopia's human rights commitments and the practical problems associated with the realisation of human rights goals. Political and legal challenges affecting implementation at the domestic levels continue in Ethiopian - the nature and complexity of which have been thoroughly expounded in this volume. This edition uncovers the key challenges involving civil and political rights, socio-economic rights and cultural and institutional dimensions of the implementation of human rights in Ethiopia - while the country is absorbed in legal and political reforms. |
| civil code ethiopia: An International Restatement of Contract Law: The UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts Michael Joachim Bonell, 2009-03-27 The Unidroit Principles of International Contracts, first published in 1994, have met with extraordinary success in the legal and business community worldwide. Prepared by a group of eminent experts from all major legal systems of the world, they provide a comprehensive set of rules for international commercial contracts. This new edition of An International Restatement of Contract Law is the first comprehensive introduction to the Unidroit Principles 2004. In addition, it provides an extensive survey and analysis of the actual use of the Unidroit Principles in practice with special emphasis on the different ways in which they have been interpreted and applied by the courts and arbitral tribunals in the hundred or so cases reported worldwide. The book also contains the full text of the Preamble and the 180 articles of the Unidroit Principles 2004 in Chinese, English, French, German, Italian and Russian as well as the 1994 edition in Spanish. |
| civil code ethiopia: Ethiopian Business Law for the School of Business. an Immediate Class Packet Reference Samuel Maireg Biresaw, 2018-03-25 Academic Paper from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Law, grade: 95, course: Business Law, language: English, abstract: This paper briefly enumerates and digests all the elements and legal principles constituting the Ethiopian Laws of Business. It is an educational module that is written as an immediate class packet reference to the School of Business students all over the universities in Ethiopia. |
| civil code ethiopia: Ethiopia Business Law Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Basic Laws IBP USA, 2013-08 Ethiopia Business Law Handbook - Strategic Information and Basic Laws |
| civil code ethiopia: Digest of Ethiopia's National Policies, Strategies and Programs Yamāh̲barāwi ṭenāt madrak (Ethiopia), 2008 Having just emerged from a prolonged civil war and faced with the urgent tasks of establishing political stability and reinvigorating an economy in tatters, the Transitional Government of Ethiopia (1991-1995) had to set a new direction for the economic reconstruction and social rehabilitation of the warn-torn and poverty-ridden country. During the Transitional Period a spate of new policies and strategies defining the development priorities, goals and implementation instruments of the new regime led by the EPRDF was introduced. This work is a synthesis of various sectoral policies and an attempt to trace the genesis of the policies, highlight the continuities, significant departures and other salient features. Each of the reviews in this digest briefly analyses the critical elements of the policies, identifies major gaps in the conceptualisation of the policy as well as the achievements registered and the challenges encountered in its implementation. The authors also try to identify the outstanding issues to be addressed by policymakers and suggest remedies. The policy reviews have been grouped into three parts and presented under social, economic and governance sectors. |
| civil code ethiopia: International Commercial Arbitration Seyoum Yohannes Tesfay, 2021-02-18 This book is the first-ever to explore commercial arbitration in the Ethiopian context. Alternative conflict resolution mechanisms are nothing new to the country: arbitration as a dispute settlement mechanism by which a third party issues a binding decision on a dispute between two or more parties by exercising the jurisdictional mandate conferred on it by the parties themselves was established with the adoption of the Civil Code in 1960. This pioneering book evaluates the extent to which Ethiopia’s laws and institutions allow disputing parties to effectively reap the benefits of international commercial arbitration. It interprets the relevant legislation and attempts to bridge the gaps in it, in order to help lawyers, arbitrators, arbitral institutions, academics and judges to understand and apply it. It also helps parties seeking to complete international transactions pertaining to Ethiopia make the right choice regarding conflict resolution. |
| civil code ethiopia: The Swedish Conflict of Laws Hilding Eek, 2012-12-06 The purpose of this book is to present to lawyers outside Sweden an introduction to Private International Law as applied in Sweden. As in the original Swedish version, (Internationell Privatriitt. Metod och Material, Stockholm 1962), emphazis is put on the structure and func tioning of conflict law, and the book does not attempt to present a comprehensive survey of Swedish conflict rules. A resume of these rules has, however, been included in the English edition. The author wants to express his thanks to those who have helped to make possible the publication of this book. Generous support was given by the Swedish State Council for Social Science Research. Dr. Stig Stromholm, Uppsala, prepared the translation into English of the original Swedish text. Some alterations were subsequently made in the, English version, including minor deletions of material which had ap peared in the Swedish original and the addition of some new material, including the whole of present chapter IV. The English text as a whole was finally revised by the author with the help, in the case of chapters I, IV, V and part of chapter II, of Mrs. Helen Moats Eek (Ph. D. , University of Chicago) and, in the case of chapter III and part of chapter II, of Mr. Richard Cox (B. Sc. Econ (Hons. ), F. R. Econ. Soc. ). Valua:ble assistance, particularly in the preparation of the bibliography and the index, was given also by Mr. Lars Lindgren (LL. |
| civil code ethiopia: International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law Viktor Knapp, 1983 |
| civil code ethiopia: Courts in Federal Countries Nicholas Theodore Aroney, John Kincaid, 2017-04-24 Courts are key players in the dynamics of federal countries since their rulings have a direct impact on the ability of governments to centralize and decentralize power. Courts in Federal Countries examines the role high courts play in thirteen countries, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, Germany, India, Nigeria, Spain, and the United States. The volume’s contributors analyse the centralizing or decentralizing forces at play following a court’s ruling on issues such as individual rights, economic affairs, social issues, and other matters. The thirteen substantive chapters have been written to facilitate comparability between the countries. Each chapter outlines a country’s federal system, explains the constitutional and institutional status of the court system, and discusses the high court’s jurisprudence in light of these features. Courts in Federal Countries offers insightful explanations of judicial behaviour in the world’s leading federations. |
| civil code ethiopia: Ethiopia Bahru Zewde, Siegfried Pausewang, 2002 Democracy is a concept reflecting European philosophies, struggles and concerns. Many Ethiopian ethnic groups have traditions which may offer more satisfactory and culturally acceptable foundations for a “sovereignty of the people” through time-honored ways of voicing political ideas, ironic observations and vital interests. In line with modern urban life Ethiopians also organize and express their interests in non-governmental organizations, the independent press and advocacy groups representing political and social alternatives. The contributors to this book analyze the democratic potential of these movements and practices, their ability to give a voice to the view from below and their potential contribution to a more genuine participation by the majority of Ethiopians in democratic decision making and bringing the sovereignty of the people a step closer to reality. |
| civil code ethiopia: An Introduction to the Law of Contract P. S. Atiyah, 1995 The last edition of this book saw a major restructuring of the whole work, and in particular, to stress the resurgence of freedom of contract ideology, and to introduce some basic economic issues in contract law. In this edition, the general shape and structure of the book have been left untouched, although as with previous editions, the whole work has been completely updated and modernized by replacing old and outdated examples with more modern questions with which the student may be assumed to be more familiar. The aims of the book remain unchanged: to supply a basic introduction, not merely to the law of contract, but also to theories and policies and ideas underlying the subject. In addition, the author has constantly resorted to a modern historical approach, giving the student some sense of how the law has developed over the past 100 years or so. widely recognized as one of the most interesting and innovative books to have been published in the last 25 years, An Introduction to the Law of Contract remains as popular today with students and their teachers as it was when it was first published. |
| civil code ethiopia: Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia David H. Shinn, Thomas P. Ofcansky, 2013-04-11 Ethiopia is clearly one of the most important countries in Africa. First of all, with about 75 million people, it is the third most populous country in Africa. Second, it is very strategically located, in the Horn of Africa and bordering Eritrea, Sudan, Kenya, and Somalia, with some of whom it has touchy and sometimes worse relations. Yet, its capital – Addis Ababa – is the headquarters of the African Union, the prime meeting place for Africa’s leaders. So, if things went poorly in Ethiopia, this would not be good for Africa, and for a long time this was the case, with internal disruption rife, until it was literally suppressed under the strong rule of the recently deceased Meles Zenawi. The Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia, Second Edition covers the history of Ethiopia through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has several hundred cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Ethiopia. |
| civil code ethiopia: Non-State Justice Institutions and the Law M. Kötter, T. Röder, F. Schuppert, R. Wolfrum, 2015-02-02 This book focuses on decision-making by non-state justice institutions at the interface of traditional, religious, and state laws. The authors discuss the implications of non-state justice for the rule of law, presenting case studies on traditional councils and courts in Pakistan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Bolivia and South Africa. |
| civil code ethiopia: Legal Pluralism in Ethiopia Susanne Epple, Getachew Assefa, 2020-07-31 Being a home to more than 80 ethnic groups, Ethiopia has to balance normative diversity with efforts to implement state law across its territory. This volume explores the co-existence of state, customary, and religious legal forums from the perspective of legal practitioners and local justice seekers. It shows how the various stakeholders' use of negotiation, and their strategic application of law can lead to unwanted confusion, but also to sustainable conflict resolution, innovative new procedures and hybrid norms. The book thus generates important knowledge on the conditions necessary for stimulating a cooperative co-existence of different legal systems. |
| civil code ethiopia: Land Rights and Expropriation in Ethiopia Daniel W. Ambaye, 2015-02-13 This thesis provides a new approach to the Ethiopian Land Law debate. The basic argument made in this thesis is that even if the Ethiopian Constitution provides and guarantees common ownership of land (together with the state) to the people, this right has not been fully realized whether in terms of land accessibility, enjoyability, and payment of fair compensation in the event of expropriation. Expropriation is an inherent power of the state to acquire land for public purpose activities. It is an important development tool in a country such as Ethiopia where expropriation remains the only method to acquire land. Furthermore, the two preconditions of payment of fair compensation and existence of public purpose justifications are not strictly followed in Ethiopia. The state remains the sole beneficiary of the process by capturing the full profit of land value, while paying inadequate compensation to those who cede their land by expropriation. Secondly, the broader public purpose power of the state in expropriating the land for unlimited activities puts the property owners under imminent risk of expropriation. |
| civil code ethiopia: Labor Law and Practice in the Empire of Ethiopia Ann C. Suter, 1966 |
| civil code ethiopia: Public Procurement Regulation in Africa Sue Arrowsmith, Geo Quinot, 2013-01-17 This book examines the regulatory rules on public procurement in selected African countries and provides a comparative analysis of key regulatory issues. |
| civil code ethiopia: Area Handbook for Ethiopia American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Areas Studies Division, 1964 |
| civil code ethiopia: Prosecution of Core Crimes in Ethiopia Tadesse Simie Metekia, 2021 Introduction -- The decision to prosecute core crimes : contexts and contents -- The decisions to prosecute : possible motivations -- The decisions to prosecute : who should be brought to justice? -- The crime of genocide in Ethiopian Law -- The crime of genocide in Ethiopian trials : elements of the crime -- War crimes in Ethiopia : law and practice -- Punishment and sentencing of core crimes in Ethiopia -- Conclusion. |
| civil code ethiopia: Ius Privatum Gentium Ernst von Caemmerer, Soia Mentschikoff, Konrad Zweigert, 1969 |
| civil code ethiopia: Traditional Institutions in Contemporary African Governance Kidane Mengisteab, Gerard Hagg, 2017-06-26 This book examines why traditional institutions have remained entrenched, what the socioeconomic implications of fragmented institutional systems are, and whether they facilitate or impede democratization. The contributors investigate the organizational structure of traditional leaders, the level of adherence of the traditional systems, how dispute resolution, decision-making, and resource allocation are conducted in the traditional system, gender relations in the traditional system, and how the traditional institutions interact with the formal institutions. |
| civil code ethiopia: Handbook on Legal Cultures Sören Koch, Marius Mikkel Kjølstad, 2023-05-30 Cooperation across borders requires both knowledge of and understanding of different cultures. This is especially true when it comes to the law. This handbook is the first to comprehensively present selected legal cultures based on a very specific set of structural elements which can be found in all such cultures. Legal cultures are a product of and impacted by certain fundamental and commonly shared ideas on and expectations of the law. In all modern societies these ideas are to a certain degree institutionalized or at least embedded in institutionalized practices. These practices determine the way lawyers are educated and apply the law, how they engage with the ongoing internationalization of law and what kind of values they adhere to. Looking at these elements separately enables the reader to identify similarities and differences and to explain them contextually. Understanding these general features of legal cultures can help avoid misunderstandings or misinterpretations of foreign law and its application. Accordingly, this handbook is a necessary starting point for all kinds of legal comparative studies conducted by academics, students, judges and other legal practitioners. |
| civil code ethiopia: Reforming Business-related Laws to Promote Private Sector Development W. Paatii Ofosu-Amaah, 2000-01-01 An appropriate legal and regulatory framework is essential for good government and progress in any country and essential in any private sector development programme. This study describes legal reform programmes in African countries, including an evaluation of such programmes in the post-independence era in civil and common law countries. |
| civil code ethiopia: Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia Thomas P. Ofcansky, David H. Shinn, 2004-03-29 Ethiopia is one of the world's oldest countries; its Rift Valley may be the location where the ancestors of humankind originated more than four million years ago. With a population of 67 million people today, it is the third most populous country on the African continent after Nigeria and Egypt. It is the source of 86 percent of the water reaching the Aswan Dam in Egypt, most of it carried by the amazing Blue Nile. Ethiopia offers major historical sites such as the pre-Christian palace at Yeha, the stele and tombs of the old Kingdom of Axum, and the rock-carved churches of Lalibela. For anyone interested in Ethiopia, this historical dictionary, through its individual and carefully cross-referenced entries, captures the importance and intrigue of this truly significant African nation. Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia appeals to all levels of readers, providing entries for each of Ethiopia's 85 ethnic groups and covering a broad range of cultural, political, and economic topics. Readers interested in the cultural aspects or who are planning to visit Ethiopia will find a wealth of entries on art, literature, handicrafts, music, dance, bird life, geography, and historic tourist sites. Practitioners in government and non-governmental organizations will find entries on pressing economic, social, and political issues such as HIV/AIDS, female circumcision , debt, human rights, and the environment. The important historical role of missionaries and the combination of conflict and cooperation between Christians and Muslims in the region are also issues reviewed. And, finally, many of the entries highlight relations between Ethiopia and her neighbors-Eritrea, Somalia, Somaliland, Djibouti, Kenya, and Sudan. In the bibliography, considerable emphasis has been placed on including both new and old materials covering all facets of Ethiopia, organized for easy identification by areas of major interest. |
| civil code ethiopia: The UN Watercourses Convention in Force Flavia Rocha Loures, Alistair Rieu-Clarke, 2013-09-11 At the UN General Assembly in 1997, an overwhelming majority of States voted for the adoption of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses – a global overarching framework governing the rights and duties of States sharing freshwater systems. Globally, there are 263 internationally shared watersheds, which drain the territories of 145 countries and represent more than forty percent of the Earth's land surface. Hence, inter-State cooperation towards the sustainable management of transboundary water supplies, in accordance with applicable international legal instruments, is a topic of crucial importance, especially in the context of the current global water crisis. This volume provides an assessment of the role and relevance of the UN Watercourses Convention and describes and evaluates its entry into force as a key component of transboundary water governance. To date, the Convention still requires further contracting States before it can enter into force. The authors describe the drafting and negotiation of the Convention and its relationship to other multilateral environmental agreements. A series of case studies assess the role of the Convention at various levels: regional (European Union, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, Central America and South America), river basin (e.g. the Mekong and Congo) and national (e.g. Ethiopia and Mexico). The book concludes by proposing how future implementation might further strengthen international cooperation in the management of water resources, to promote biodiversity conservation as well as sustainable and equitable use. |
| civil code ethiopia: Enforcement of Human Rights in Ethiopia Yohannes Eneyew Ayalew , Wondemagegen Tadesse Goshu, 2023-05-25 Enforcement has not been the most practiced business in the field of human rights in Ethiopia. The absence of effective enforcement can be attributed to various factors, including the absence of a normative framework, insufficient political commitment, inadequate institutional capacity and resources, and limited awareness. Despite recent legal reform initiatives purportedly driven by human rights demands, it remains uncertain whether enforcement has undergone any significant changes. Effective enforcement of human rights necessitates the existence of robust multi-layered institutions at the national, sub-regional, regional, and international levels. However, in Ethiopia, concerns have been raised about the capability of numerous normative instruments and mechanisms of human rights. This volume comprises a collection of papers presented at a hybrid conference held at the Hilton Hotel Addis in April 2022. The conference, organized by the School of Law of Addis Ababa University in collaboration with Friedrich Ebert-Stiftung, Ethiopia, centered around the theme Enforcement of Human Rights in Ethiopia: Old and New Challenges. Its primary objective was to identify and analyze both old and new challenges in human rights enforcement in Ethiopia and propose strategies to overcome them. The editors of this volume intend for it to address scholarly gaps in the implementation and enforcement of human rights in Ethiopia. Among the notable findings from the chapters included in this volume is a significant disparity between recently reformed laws passed by the parliament and their execution by the executive body. This disconnect demonstrates a failure to prioritize and enforce human rights in the country. As such, the volume suggests that the Ethiopian government must take the business of human rights enforcement seriously. |
| civil code ethiopia: Anti-suit Injunctions in International Arbitration Emmanuel Gaillard, 2005-03-01 IAI Series No. 2 The International Arbitration Institute (IAI) series on international arbitration is a new periodic series of publications that will focus on cutting edge issues and developments in international arbitration. About the IAI: The International Arbitration Institute (IAI), an organization created under the auspices of the Comité Français de ľ Arbitrage (CFA), was created to promote exchanges in international arbitration. The IAI is designed to promote exchanges on current issues in the field of international commercial arbitration. Its activities include the regular organization of international conferences, colloquiums, as well as conducting various research projects. About the Book: Anti-suit injunctions are a device, originally found in common law countries, whereby a court - which retains its jurisdiction or anticipates to do so and which seeks to protect that jurisdiction or, more generally, the jurisdiction of the forum it deems to be the most appropriate - orders a party to refrain from bringing a claim before the courts of another State or before an arbitral tribunal or, if the party has already brought such a claim, orders that party to withdraw from, or the arbitrators to suspend, the proceedings. In the past few years, the use of anti-suit injunctions in the context of international arbitration has been spreading at a disturbing pace. The courts of many common law countries but also those of civil law tradition frequently resort to this device at a party's request, in order to disrupt the arbitration process or resist the enforcement of the award. How best to resolve those conflicts arising as a result of national courts' differing perspectives on the validity and scope of certain arbitration agreements? Are anti-suit injunctions in conformity with the requirements of public international law? When the courts of certain States enjoin a party to refrain from proceeding with an arbitration, should other courts enjoin them not to enjoin, or should they, like the U.S. Court of Appeal for the 5th Circuit in the Pertamina case, exercise a commandable self-restriction? These are just a few of the issues addressed in Anti-Suit Injunctions in International Arbitration. |
| civil code ethiopia: The Economic Analysis of Civil Law Schäfer, Hans-Bernd, Ott, Claus, 2022-01-25 This comprehensive textbook provides a thorough guide to the economic analysis of law, with a particular focus on civil law systems. It encapsulates a structured analysis and nuanced evaluation of norms and legal policies, using the tools of economic theory. |
| civil code ethiopia: FIDIC Contracts in Africa and the Middle East Donald Charrett, 2023-09-20 FIDIC contracts are the most widely used contracts for international construction around the world and are used in many different jurisdictions, both common law and civil law. For any construction project, the General Conditions of Contract published by FIDIC need to be supplemented by Particular Conditions that specify the specific requirements of that project. FIDIC Contracts in Africa and the Middle East: A Practical Guide to Application provides readers with detailed guidance and resources for the preparation of the Particular Conditions that will comply with the requirements of the laws that apply to the site where the work is carried out, and for the governing law of the contract, for a number of the jurisdictions in which FIDIC contracts are or can be used. This book closely follows the format of The International Application of FIDIC Contracts. Each jurisdiction features an outline of its construction industry and information on the impact of COVID-19 on both the execution and operation of construction contracts. This book is essential reading for construction professionals, lawyers and students of construction law. |
| civil code ethiopia: Blood, Land, and Sex Lyda Favali, Roy Pateman, 2003-06-18 In Eritrea, state, traditional, and religious laws equally prevail, but any of these legal systems may be put into play depending upon the individual or individuals involved in a legal dispute. Because of conflicting laws, it has been difficult for Eritreans to come to a consensus on what constitutes their legal system. In Blood, Land, and Sex, Lyda Favali and Roy Pateman examine the roles of the state, ethnic groups, religious groups, and the international community in several key areas of Eritrean law -- blood feud or murder, land tenure, gender relations (marriage, prostitution, rape), and female genital surgery. Favali and Pateman explore the intersections of the various laws and discuss how change can be brought to communities where legal ambiguity prevails, often to the grave harm of women and other powerless individuals. This significant book focuses on how Eritrea and other newly emerging democracies might build pluralist legal systems that will be acceptable to an ethnically and religiously diverse population. |
| civil code ethiopia: Land Law in African Countries Oleg Igorevich Krassov, The monograph studies the key aspects of land law of African countries, customary land tenure laws, customary rights to water, forest, cattle grazing; the influence of colonial epoch on customary land tenure systems, and the rights of African women to land. Characteristic features of land and water rights under Islamic law are provided. The current state of formal land law in the countries of North, West, Central, and East Africa is analyzed, including the following: the right of ownership to land and other natural resources, types of various rights to land and natural resources, and the relationship of formal law and customary land tenure systems. For students, graduate students and teachers of law schools, employees of legislative, executive and judicial authorities, as well as for all those interested in land, civil law and comparative legal studies. |
| civil code ethiopia: Implementing the Ethiopian National Policy for Women , 1998-01-01 The Federal Democratic Government of Ethiopia has declared its unequivocal commitment to the equitable socioeconomic development of women, with the announcement of its National Policy on Women in 1993 and the promulgation of a new constitution in 1995. However, the implementation of the policy is proving to be a formidable task. The paper highlights these challenges and discusses legal, regulatory, and institutional issues that may impede the implementation of the policy. |
Ethiopia : Researched and compiled by the Refugee …
2. If traditional marriages are recognised in Ethiopia (without the need for a civil ceremony or registration process) 3. Whether a Talaq pronounced by a wife in an adjoining country (Kenya) would be recognised in Ethiopia. A report by Emory Law states: “Notable Features: The Civil Code sets the minimum marriage age at 18
Commercial Code of Ethiopia (Amharic) - Pro. No. 1243/2021
_____1 የንግድ ሕግ አንዯኛ መጽሏፌ ስሇ ነጋዳዎች፣ የንግዴ ሥራዎችና ስሇ ንግዴ መዯብሮች ርዕስ አንዴ
Ethiopian Civil Society Organizations Council /ECSOC/
The secretariat of the council has issued this code of ethics for national dialogue pursuant to the authority granted to it by the Civil Society Organizations Proclamation and CSO Council Code of Conduct. 2. Short Title This code may be cited as ‘CSOs Code of Ethics for National Dialogue.’ 3. Definitions In this code of ethics
Nonprofit Law in Ethiopia - Council on Foundations
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has a federal government system and follows the civil law tradition. On March 12, 2019, the government of Ethiopia enacted a new law on civil society organizations (CSOs), the Organization of Civil Societies Proclamation No. 1113/2019 (CSO Proclamation). The CSO
Revisiting Ethiopia’s Approach to International Arbitration: …
arbitration. Arts. 3325-3346, of the Civil Code 1 and Arts-315-319, 350-357 of the Civil Procedure Code 2 govern both substantive and procedural aspects of arbitration in the Ethiopian legal system.3 A careful reading of these rules reveals that they fall below the internationally accepted best arbitration laws.
Jimma University Law Journal Vol 1 Nu mber
See Rene David, 'A Civil Code for Ethiopia: Considerations on the Codification of the Civil Law in'African Countries" 37TLR2 in Michael Kindred, Reading on the Historical Development of Ethiopian Civil Law (HSIU, Faculty of Law, 1968-1969 (Unpublished) at 117. Jimma University Law Journal Vol 1 Number ...
Constitution of The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
National Anthem of Ethiopia The national anthem of Ethiopia, to be determined by law, shall reflect the ideals of the Constitution, the Commitment of the Peoples of Ethiopia to live together in a democratic order and of their common destiny. Article 5 Languages 1. All Ethiopian languages shall enjoy equal state recognition. 2.
Code of Conduct for Ethiopian Civil Societies Organizations
This Code may be cited as ^Ethiopian Civil Societies’ Code of Conduct”. hereinafter referred to as the ^Code of conduct. Article 2: Definitions 1. ^Civil Societies Organizations (hereafter called CSOs) means a non-governmental, non-partisan entity established by at least two or more persons on voluntary basis and registered to carry out any
Alternative Dispute Resolution in Ethiopia - A Legal …
the Civil Procedure Code of 1965.Under the provisions of the Codes, conflict resolution is centred more on contractual or legal relations. The term compromise enjoys a wider scope by the legislation and is used as the generic name and springboard to Alternative Dispute Resolution. Article 3307 of the Civil Code defines a compromise as “a contract
MARRIAGE UNDER THE CIVIL CODE Of ETHIOPIA - Sabinet …
MARRIAGE UNDER THE CIVIL CODE Of ETHIOPIA An irregular union does not create - a) an obligation between the man and the woman to maintain one another; b) any common property betwe~n the man 'and the woman; I c) any right of succession between ,the man and the woman (Art. 711, 712 and 713). An irregular union . does not create a bond of affinity ...
Alternative Dispute Resolution in Ethiopia: Problems of the …
10 Civil Code of the Empire of Ethiopia, Proclamation No. 165/1960, Negarit Gazetta-Extraordinary, (19, 2, Addis Ababa, 5 th May 1960) arts. 3318-3346; Civil Procedure Code of the Empire Ethiopia ...
2022-12 Amharic chatbot on Ethiopian civil code law using a …
Amharic chatbot on Ethiopian civil code law using a deep learning approach Bizuayehu, Tadege ... In Ethiopia, over 80 languages are used in day-to-day communication. Of those languages, Amharic is the dominant and official working language of the government of Ethiopia
Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements
2. Civil procedure code of the empire of Ethiopia, Decree No. 52, Neg. Gaz., year 25 No. 3. Property pledged or Mortgaged with Banks proclamation, 1998, Proclamation, 2000, Proclamation No. 216 Neg. Gaz., Year 6, No. 46 3. Case 1. Commercial bank of Ethiopia Vs Sofia Ali Federal high court civil case no 40434 4.
Pre-Trial Proceeding under Ethiopian Civil Procedure Law: the …
3 Civil code of Ethiopian, 1960, Art. 451,454,455 pp 75-76 4 Id Art 395, page, 67 . ... 1965 civil procedure code of Ethiopia particularly in Konta special woreda court. The main problem is related with article 70 [a] and 233 of the civil procedure code. That …
The Revised Family Code - citizenshiprightsafrica.org
Ethiopia The Revised Family Code Federal Negarit Gazetta Extra Ordinary Issue No. 1/2000 The Revised Family Code Proclamation No. 213/2000 Addis Ababa 4thDay of July, 2000. PROCLAMATION No.213/2000 ... civil status within fifteen days from the notification of the marriage. 2) The officer of civil status shall receive the opinion of the future ...
New Ethiopian Commercial Code Proclamation No. 1243/2021 …
Ethiopia 2021 FEDERAL NEGARIT GAZETTE EXTRA ORDINARY ISSUE Proclamation No. 1243/2021. www.abyssinialaw.com. i Content Proclamation No. 1243/2021 ... Applicability of the Civil Code Unless otherwise provided in this Code, the provisions of the Civil Code shall apply to persons and business organizations carrying on a trade.
የኢትዮጵያ ፌደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ ፌደራል ነጋሪት ጋዜጣ
commitments to which Ethiopia is a party; NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with Article 55 (1) and (3) of the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it is hereby proclaimed as follows: PART ONE GENERAL 1. Short Title.1156/2019”. 2. Definition s In this Proclamation unless the context provides otherwise: 1/
የIትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ የወንጀል ህግ
ywNjL ?G kQÈT xwúsN UR tÃYø mnœT ÃlbT n_B ywNjL ÞG ›§¥ y~BrtsbùN s§M dHNnT m«bQ mçnù nW”” ~BrtsbùN y¸«BqWM wNjL
ISSN: 0975-833X RESEARCH ARTICLE
FCC - French Civil Code -German Civil Code RESEARCH ARTICLE -VIS THE MAJOR EUROPEAN CODES *Samuel Maireg Biresaw Tabor University, Ethiopia A civil code is a systematic collection of laws designed ...
Law of Contracts Lecture Notes The Law of Obligations The …
o Ethiopian Civil Code: Contract is an agreement between two or more persons as between themselves to create, vary or extinguish obligations of proprietary nature.
“Consumer Protection in Ethiopia's Telecom Sector: New
In Ethiopia, consumer legal rights can be found in civil and criminal laws such as the law of persons,8 extra-contractual law,9 the 1995 FDRE Constitution,10 and the 1997 Criminal Code of 1 ITU-D Study-Group 1, ‘Consumer Information, Protection …
Uniform Application of Law in Ethiopia: Effects of Cassation …
Uniform Application of Law in Ethiopia: Effects of Cassation Decisions of the Federal Supreme Court Hussein Ahmed Tura Ambo University, School of Law, Ambo, Ethiopia ... 10 See, for instance, Articles 1714(2) and 1733 of the Civil Code of Ethiopia. 11 A.W.B. Simpson, Legal Theory and Legal History: Essays on the Common Law (Continuum,
Land Valuation for Expropriation in Ethiopia: Valuation …
legal system is given in the Civil Code of Ethiopia, which provides: Expropriation proceedings are proceedings whereby the competent authorities compel an owner to surrender the ownership of an immovable required by such authorities for public purposes (The Ethiopian Civil Code Art. …
EBCS-1 I - Ethiopian Construction
and Urban Development to prepare the Country's Building Code, issue Standards for design and construction works, and follow up and supervise the implementation of same. In exercise of these powers and in discharge of its responsibility, the Ministry is issuing a series of Building Code Standards of general application.
A legal Analysis on Real Estate Valuation in Ethiopia via
1 Under the Civil code of Ethiopia, article 1126 and following; land is a private property and land market was booming (even encouraging FDI by then) although short lived owing to the revolution that took place in 1974 which brought the downfall of the last emperor of Ethiopia. Yet again, proclamation 31/75 proclaimed public
THE SCOPE OF BANKS’ POWER IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF
Civil Code, is used to refer to the area of law that regulates security interests over movable property. Chapter 6 of Title XVII of Book V, “Contracts of Pledge”, Civil Code of the Empire of Ethiopia, Proclamation No. 165/1960, Negarit Gazeta, Gazette Extraordinary, 19th Year, No. 2, 5 May, 1960. Collection
International Arbitration Focus Team Ethiopia Team
Ethiopia Team September 2021 The new Ethiopian Arbitration and Conciliation Working Procedure under Proclamation No. 1237/2021 1. Introduction On 2 April 2021, the Ethiopian House of People’s Representatives en- ... from the Ethiopian Civil Code. 1 Up until publication of the Proclamation, ADR – more specifically, arbi-tration – in ...
ETHIOPIA: ACCESS TO JUSTICE FOR CHILDREN - CRIN
12 Civil Procedure Code, Article 199(1)(3) 13 Civil Procedure Code, Article 280(1) 14 Civil Procedure Code, Article 204 15 Civil Procedure Code, Article 206 16 Civil Procedure Code, Article 212 17 Civil Procedure Code, Article 213 18 Civil Procedure Code, Article. 221 2
Customary law - Law Ethiopia
Ethiopia, the promoters of the second view, also called the conquest approach, reordered the Ethiopian polity. Ethiopia under this approach had had little faith in any thing about law whether state or customary. Law was to play a role in the transition …
Review of Judgments under the Ethiopian Civil Procedure …
Key Terms: Review of judgments, Cassation power, Ethiopian Civil Procedure, newly discovered evidence 1. Introduction It has now been almost half a century since the Civil Procedure Code of Ethiopia was promulgated and put to public use.1 However, there is little scholarly work available concerning civil litigation in general.
Ethiopia`s Quest for an Appropriate Law: ‘An Answer’ from a …
Code, the Civil Code, the Commercial Code, the Maritime Code, the Criminal Procedure Code and the Civil Procedure Code. As we all know, liberal legality that underlined the newly introduced legal system emanated from the modernization theory of development; such a theory of development was at its height in the period between 1950s and 1970s.
LL.B THESIS DIVORCE UNDER THE REVISED FAMILY CODE OF …
A.A, ETHIOPIA JULY 2008 . DIVORCE UNDER THE REVISED FAMILY CODE OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT: - IT’S IMPACT ON WOMEN BY: - MERON SAMUEL ... revise the 1960’s Civil Code family law provision arise to make it compatible with the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopian constitution. Family is natural bases for the society.
A Users’ Manual on Registering and Operating CSOs, BMOs, …
CIPE works with private-sector organizations across Ethiopia to promote market-based economic reform and participatory political dialogue on matters of economic policy. To date, CIPE has supported more than 100 private sector and civil society organizations across all of Ethiopia, from Addis Ababa and the highland states to emerging regions like
of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (Draft)
Ethiopia Art. 1.- ... Section 3 - Joinder of civil and criminal proceedings..... 116 Art. 215.- Civil proceedings by the prosecutor. ... Code of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. (2) ...
ST. MARY'S UNIVERSITY COLLEGE FACULTY OF LAW
many articles those are found in civil procedure code of Ethiopia, under Art-6. 1.2. Historical Background It is usual to consider the history of a certain concept before plunging in to analyzing the very concept itself. This is mainly because the historical circumstances that gave rise of its emergence may be of much help in
A COMMENTARY ON THE LAW OF AGENCY …
IN ETHIOPIA By W. L. Church* This commentary is an attempt to study the law of representation in Ethio pia. It concerns Articles 2179-98 of the Civil Code: Chapter 1 of the Agency title of the Code, Title XIV. These sections deal with perhaps the most difficult and important aspect of agency law — the consequences of dealing with an
CERTAIN REQUIREMENTS AND PRACTICES CONCERNING …
ETHIOPIA Chapter 3 of Book I, Title I of the Ethiopian Civil Code 2.1 concerning proof of civil status provides in Article 47: (1) Births, deaths and marriages shall tie proved, in case of doubt or of contention, by means of the records of civil status. (2) They may also be proved, in the cases provided by law, by means of
Prepared under the Sponsorship of the Justice and Legal …
-briefly overview the historical development of civil service law in Ethiopia -define what suspension is and the grounds thereto . Mehari: Notes & Materials on Employment Law ... such as the Civil Code, Proc. No.64/75, LP1.No.377/2003 and the relevant provisions of the FCSP (Proc. No.515/2007) could be considered. Particularly definitional elements
Non Performance Excuse Under the UNIDOROIT Principle, …
2 The Civil Code of the Empire of Ethiopia of 1960, Proclamation No.165/1960, Negarit Gazette (extraordinary issue), 19th year No.2, 5th May 1960, Addis Ababa, Art. 2273 cum. Art.2281 3 Implied warranties are guarantees imposed on the seller by the operation of the law. Unless excluded or restricted by the
THE RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEE UP ON TERM
7. civil code of Ethiopia Art 1678 Neg Gaz 19 th year No 2 Proc No 160/1960 8. Supra at note 6 9 Supra at note 1 Art 5 . 10 If the parties to contract of employment conclude their contract in written form the contract should specify the name and address of the employer,
The Standards in Admitting Expert Evidence in Ethiopia
Ethiopia has its law of evidence scattered in the various codes including the Civil Code of 1960, Criminal Code of the 2004, Criminal Procedure Code of the 1961, Civil Procedure Code of the 1965 etc. The scattered procedural rules of evidence in the various codes are vague, incomplete/incomprehensive or difficult to apply by courts.
Ethiopian Civil Procedure Code Amharic Version
Ethiopian Civil Procedure Code Amharic Version Lyda Favali,Roy Pateman Ethiopian Civil Procedure Balew Mersha,Mizane Abate,2010 The Functions of Family Arbitrators Under the Ethiopian Civil Code Original W/Giorgis,1997 Criminal Procedure Law Simeneh Kiros Assefa,2010-02-11 The divergence of the law and the practice has never been
REGISTRATION OF VITAL EVENTS IN ETHIOPIA: GAPS IN THE …
within 6 months from the effective date of the code12, it took the governments more than a 13decade to issue the said registration law. Besides, Ethiopia has now 8 Civil Code of the Empire of Ethiopia, Proclamation No 165/1960, Negarit Gazeta, 19th Year No. 2, 5th May 1960, Addis Ababa (herein after, Civil Code), Arts. 47 - 153. 9Id., According ...
The Law of Administrative contaracts - ETHIOPIAN LAW-INFO
Both instances are the experiences of Ethiopia. Let us begin with the first. In the civil code we have such articles as Article 3207 and 3244 which expressly qualify contracts as administrative contracts. As to the second instance, we have the Mining Proclamation No.52/1993 which disqualifies contracts concluded by the
Codification of Customary Law
gamate customary and civil law or of abolishing what might be felt 14 "La refonte du code civil dans les 6tats africaines" (1962) Annales Africaines 16o. 15 "A Civil code for Ethiopia: considerations on the codification of the civil law in African countries" (1962-63) 37 Tulane Law Review 188-189. 16 David, op. cit., "La refonte du code civil ...
REGISTRATION OF VITAL EVENTS IN ETHIOPIA: GAPS IN THE …
within 6 months from the effective date of the code12, it took the governments more than a 13decade to issue the said registration law. Besides, Ethiopia has now 8 Civil Code of the Empire of Ethiopia, Proclamation No 165/1960, Negarit Gazeta, 19th Year No. 2, 5th May 1960, Addis Ababa (herein after, Civil Code), Arts. 47 - 153. 9Id., According ...
Criminal Procedure Code Of Ethiopia - The Law on Police …
Criminal Procedure Code Of Ethiopia Published by authority of the Ministry of Pen Addis Ababa ZZZ DE\VVLQLDODZ FRP. The first edition of this book was published during this 3200 year of the reign of His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie I Emperor of Ethiopia This edition reset and reprinted 1962 E.C. (1969)
The Commercial-Civil Dichotomy of Business Organizations …
the Civil Code provision on association. The term association is not used in the sense it is used in Art.404 of the Civil Code. Rather it is better to understand it as grouping of persons. See Civil Code of the Empire of Ethiopia, 1960, Art.404, Proclamation No.165 / 1960, Neg. Gaz., Year 19, No.2 (Herein after Civil Code).
ETHIOPIA: THE LAW AND FGM/C - fgmcri.org
Peoples State in south-west Ethiopia reflects the Federal Constitution by prohibiting practices that oppress women or cause bodily or mental harm.3 The main law governing FGM/C in Ethiopia is Proclamation No. 414/2004, also known as The Criminal Code of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 2004 (the Criminal Code).4 This is a
Ethiopia - wbl.worldbank.org
Yes Civil Code of Ethiopia, Arts. 837 and 842 Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets? Yes Civil Code of Ethiopia, Arts. 842-847 Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage? Yes Revised Family Code Proclamation, Arts. 66 and 68
