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Bergstrom and Dugatkin's Evolution: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Life's Processes
Evolution. A word that evokes images of Darwin's finches, the mighty Tyrannosaurus Rex, and the subtle shifts in genetic makeup across generations. But beyond the iconic visuals, lies a complex tapestry of biological mechanisms, mathematical models, and philosophical implications. This post delves into the influential work of Carl Bergstrom and Lee Dugatkin, exploring their contributions to our understanding of evolution and how their insights illuminate the intricate dance of life. We'll unpack their key concepts, demonstrating their relevance to contemporary evolutionary biology and beyond. Prepare to embark on a journey into the fascinating world of Bergstrom and Dugatkin's evolutionary thinking.
Understanding Bergstrom and Dugatkin's Collaborative Work
Bergstrom and Dugatkin, renowned biologists, aren't simply chroniclers of evolutionary theory; they are active participants in shaping its direction. Their collaboration has resulted in significant contributions, primarily through their insightful analyses and clear explanations of complex evolutionary processes. While they haven't co-authored a single, definitive work labeled "Bergstrom and Dugatkin on Evolution," their combined influence is profound. Their individual and collaborative efforts have illuminated crucial areas within evolutionary biology, enriching our understanding of adaptation, cooperation, and the dynamics of biological systems. Their work often emphasizes the power of mathematical models and game theory to explain seemingly paradoxical behaviors in nature.
1. The Power of Game Theory in Evolutionary Biology
One of the key areas where Bergstrom and Dugatkin's influence is evident is the application of game theory to evolutionary problems. Game theory provides a framework for understanding how organisms interact and make decisions in the context of competition and cooperation. They illustrate how seemingly altruistic behaviors, such as helping relatives, can evolve through the lens of inclusive fitness, a concept highlighting the propagation of shared genes through kin selection. Their work showcases how mathematical models can elegantly capture the complex interplay of costs and benefits in evolutionary scenarios, leading to clearer predictions and a deeper comprehension of observed patterns.
2. Evolutionary Arms Races and the Red Queen Hypothesis
The "Red Queen Hypothesis," a concept popularized by Leigh Van Valen, posits that organisms must constantly adapt and evolve simply to maintain their relative fitness in an ever-changing environment. Bergstrom and Dugatkin's work helps illuminate this continuous evolutionary struggle, particularly through their analyses of co-evolutionary dynamics. They analyze instances of evolutionary arms races, such as the predator-prey relationship, where ongoing adaptation in one species drives reciprocal adaptations in another, resulting in a continuous cycle of change. This intricate dance of adaptation is crucial in understanding biodiversity and the dynamic nature of ecological communities.
3. The Evolution of Cooperation: A Puzzle Solved (Partially)
Cooperation, seemingly paradoxical in the context of natural selection focused on individual survival, is a topic that Bergstrom and Dugatkin have addressed extensively. They've dissected the mechanisms that drive cooperation, exploring concepts like reciprocal altruism, where cooperation is maintained through repeated interactions and the threat of punishment for defection. They highlight the importance of social structures and communication in facilitating cooperative behaviors, demonstrating how the seemingly self-interested nature of natural selection can lead to the evolution of surprisingly altruistic traits. Their work reveals the nuances of cooperation, showing it's not simply a matter of selflessness but a complex strategic interaction shaped by environmental pressures and social dynamics.
4. The Importance of Mathematical Modeling in Evolutionary Research
Bergstrom and Dugatkin both champion the use of mathematical models in evolutionary biology. They argue that these models are not mere abstractions but rather essential tools for testing hypotheses, generating predictions, and clarifying complex biological processes. Their work exemplifies the power of mathematical formalization to reveal underlying patterns and relationships that might be missed through purely observational approaches. Their insightful use of game theory and other mathematical techniques highlights the importance of a quantitative approach in understanding the mechanisms of evolution.
Conclusion
Bergstrom and Dugatkin's combined contributions to evolutionary biology are significant. By employing rigorous mathematical modeling, clearly explaining complex concepts, and applying their theoretical frameworks to real-world examples, they have enhanced our understanding of the processes that shape life on Earth. Their work underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches, merging theoretical biology with mathematical modeling and experimental observations. Their legacy lies not just in specific discoveries, but in their advocacy for a more quantitative and integrated approach to understanding the fascinating intricacies of evolution.
FAQs
1. What is the primary focus of Bergstrom and Dugatkin's research? Their research focuses on applying mathematical models, particularly game theory, to understand diverse evolutionary phenomena, including cooperation, arms races, and the evolution of social behavior.
2. How does game theory help explain evolution? Game theory provides a framework for analyzing strategic interactions between organisms, helping us understand how cooperation, competition, and altruism can evolve.
3. What are some key examples of Bergstrom and Dugatkin's work? While they don't have a single joint book, their individual and collaborative work spans numerous publications exploring the applications of game theory to evolutionary biology, inclusive fitness, and the evolution of cooperation.
4. Are their works primarily theoretical, or do they incorporate empirical data? Their work is largely theoretical, focusing on building and analyzing mathematical models. However, they often ground their theories in real-world examples and empirical observations.
5. How does their work contribute to our understanding of biodiversity? By elucidating the mechanisms driving adaptation and co-evolution, their work provides crucial insights into the dynamic processes that generate and maintain biodiversity.
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Carl T. Bergstrom, Lee Alan Dugatkin, 2016-02-25 Evolution presents foundational concepts through a contemporary framework of population genetics and phylogenetics that is enriched by current research and stunning art. In every chapter, new critical thinking questions and expanded end-of-chapter problems emphasizing data interpretation reinforce the Second Edition’s focus on helping students think like evolutionary biologists. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Carl T. Bergstrom, Lee Alan Dugatkin, 2012 Evolution integrates phylogenetic thinking and in-depth, current research examples throughout, providing a contemporary view of evolutionary biology. A stunning art program and an amphasis on problem solving engage students and help them understand fundamental concepts and processes--Back cover. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Calling Bullshit Carl T. Bergstrom, Jevin D. West, 2021-04-20 Bullshit isn’t what it used to be. Now, two science professors give us the tools to dismantle misinformation and think clearly in a world of fake news and bad data. “A modern classic . . . a straight-talking survival guide to the mean streets of a dying democracy and a global pandemic.”—Wired Misinformation, disinformation, and fake news abound and it’s increasingly difficult to know what’s true. Our media environment has become hyperpartisan. Science is conducted by press release. Startup culture elevates bullshit to high art. We are fairly well equipped to spot the sort of old-school bullshit that is based in fancy rhetoric and weasel words, but most of us don’t feel qualified to challenge the avalanche of new-school bullshit presented in the language of math, science, or statistics. In Calling Bullshit, Professors Carl Bergstrom and Jevin West give us a set of powerful tools to cut through the most intimidating data. You don’t need a lot of technical expertise to call out problems with data. Are the numbers or results too good or too dramatic to be true? Is the claim comparing like with like? Is it confirming your personal bias? Drawing on a deep well of expertise in statistics and computational biology, Bergstrom and West exuberantly unpack examples of selection bias and muddled data visualization, distinguish between correlation and causation, and examine the susceptibility of science to modern bullshit. We have always needed people who call bullshit when necessary, whether within a circle of friends, a community of scholars, or the citizenry of a nation. Now that bullshit has evolved, we need to relearn the art of skepticism. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Extinction and Evolution Niles Eldredge, 2014 Eldredge's groundbreaking work is now accepted as the definitive statement of how life as we know it evolved on Earth. This book chronicles how Eldredge made his discoveries and traces the history of life through the lenses of paleontology, geology, ecology, anthropology, biology, genetics, zoology, mammalogy, herpetology, entomology and botany. While rigorously accurate, the text is accessible, engaging and free of jargon. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: A Cooperative Species Samuel Bowles, Herbert Gintis, 2011-05-31 A fascinating look at the evolutionary origins of cooperation Why do humans, uniquely among animals, cooperate in large numbers to advance projects for the common good? Contrary to the conventional wisdom in biology and economics, this generous and civic-minded behavior is widespread and cannot be explained simply by far-sighted self-interest or a desire to help close genealogical kin. In A Cooperative Species, Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis—pioneers in the new experimental and evolutionary science of human behavior—show that the central issue is not why selfish people act generously, but instead how genetic and cultural evolution has produced a species in which substantial numbers make sacrifices to uphold ethical norms and to help even total strangers. The authors describe how, for thousands of generations, cooperation with fellow group members has been essential to survival. Groups that created institutions to protect the civic-minded from exploitation by the selfish flourished and prevailed in conflicts with less cooperative groups. Key to this process was the evolution of social emotions such as shame and guilt, and our capacity to internalize social norms so that acting ethically became a personal goal rather than simply a prudent way to avoid punishment. Using experimental, archaeological, genetic, and ethnographic data to calibrate models of the coevolution of genes and culture as well as prehistoric warfare and other forms of group competition, A Cooperative Species provides a compelling and novel account of how humans came to be moral and cooperative. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Mathematical Models of Social Evolution Richard McElreath, Robert Boyd, 2008-09-15 Over the last several decades, mathematical models have become central to the study of social evolution, both in biology and the social sciences. But students in these disciplines often seriously lack the tools to understand them. A primer on behavioral modeling that includes both mathematics and evolutionary theory, Mathematical Models of Social Evolution aims to make the student and professional researcher in biology and the social sciences fully conversant in the language of the field. Teaching biological concepts from which models can be developed, Richard McElreath and Robert Boyd introduce readers to many of the typical mathematical tools that are used to analyze evolutionary models and end each chapter with a set of problems that draw upon these techniques. Mathematical Models of Social Evolution equips behaviorists and evolutionary biologists with the mathematical knowledge to truly understand the models on which their research depends. Ultimately, McElreath and Boyd’s goal is to impart the fundamental concepts that underlie modern biological understandings of the evolution of behavior so that readers will be able to more fully appreciate journal articles and scientific literature, and start building models of their own. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Carl T. Bergstrom, Lee Alan Dugatkin, 2018-12 Bergstrom and Dugatkin's highly regarded text now offers an expanded InQuizitive course. InQuizitive provides adaptive learning activities for students. Its unique coaching pedagogy helps them learn important concepts and develop critical thinking skills. In addition, the text focuses on getting students to think like evolutionary biologists, with critical thinking questions throughout every chapter and expanded end-of-chapter problems emphasizing data interpretation. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Signals Brian Skyrms, 2010-04-08 Brian Skyrms offers a fascinating demonstration of how fundamental signals are to our world. He uses various scientific tools to investigate how meaning and communication develop. Signals operate in networks of senders and receivers at all levels of life, transmitting and processing information. That is how humans and animals think and interact. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: The Tangled Bank Carl Zimmer, 2019-01-30 Used widely in non-majors biology classes, The Tangled Bank is the first textbook about evolution intended for the general reader. Zimmer, an award-winning science writer, takes readers on a fascinating journey into the latest discoveries about evolution. In the Canadian Arctic, paleontologists unearth fossils documenting the move of our ancestors from sea to land. In the outback of Australia, a zoologist tracks some of the world’s deadliest snakes to decipher the 100-million-year evolution of venom molecules. In Africa, geneticists are gathering DNA to probe the origin of our species. In clear, non-technical language, Zimmer explains the central concepts essential for understanding new advances in evolution, including natural selection, genetic drift, and sexual selection. He demonstrates how vital evolution is to all branches of modern biology—from the fight against deadly antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the analysis of the human genome. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Problems and Solutions for Strachan and Read's Human Molecular Genetics 2 David James Matthes, Andrew Read, 2001 |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Game Theory and Animal Behavior Lee Alan Dugatkin, Hudson Kern Reeve, 2000-03-23 Game theory has revolutionized the study of animal behavior. The fundamental principle of evolutionary game theory--that the strategy adopted by one individual depends on the strategies exhibited by others--has proven a powerful tool in uncovering the forces shaping otherwise mysterious behaviors. In this volume, the first since 1982 devoted to evolutionary game theory, leading researchers describe applications of the theory to diverse types of behavior, providing an overview of recent discoveries and a synthesis of current research. The volume begins with a clear introduction to game theory and its explanatory scope. This is followed by a series of chapters on the use of game theory to understand a range of behaviors: social foraging, cooperation, animal contests, communication, reproductive skew and nepotism within groups, sibling rivalry, alternative life-histories, habitat selection, trophic-level interactions, learning, and human social behavior. In addition, the volume includes a discussion of the relations among game theory, optimality, and quantitative genetics, and an assessment of the overall utility of game theory to the study of social behavior. Presented in a manner accessible to anyone interested in animal behavior but not necessarily trained in the mathematics of game theory, the book is intended for a wide audience of undergraduates, graduate students, and professional biologists pursuing the evolutionary analysis of animal behavior. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Moral Sentiments and Material Interests Herbert Gintis, 2005 Moral Sentiments and Material Interests presents an innovative synthesis of research in different disciplines to argue that cooperation stems not from the stereotypical selfish agent acting out of disguised self-interest but from the presence of strong reciprocators in a social group. Presenting an overview of research in economics, anthropology, evolutionary and human biology, social psychology, and sociology, the book deals with both the theoretical foundations and the policy implications of this explanation for cooperation. Chapter authors in the remaining parts of the book discuss the behavioral ecology of cooperation in humans and nonhuman primates, modeling and testing strong reciprocity in economic scenarios, and reciprocity and social policy. The evidence for strong reciprocity in the book includes experiments using the famous Ultimatum Game (in which two players must agree on how to split a certain amount of money or they both get nothing.) |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Education Re-considered Ute Harms, Michael J. Reiss, 2019-07-16 This collection presents research-based interventions using existing knowledge to produce new pedagogies to teach evolution to learners more successfully, whether in schools or elsewhere. ‘Success’ here is measured as cognitive gains, as acceptance of evolution or an increased desire to continue to learn about it. Aside from introductory and concluding chapters by the editors, each chapter consists of a research-based intervention intended to enable evolution to be taught successfully; all these interventions have been researched and evaluated by the chapters’ authors and the findings are presented along with discussions of the implications. The result is an important compendium of studies from around the word conducted both inside and outside of school. The volume is unique and provides an essential reference point and platform for future work for the foreseeable future. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Jean-Baptiste de Panafieu, 2007 THE book on how we came to be what we are. Unprecedented in its appraoch, teh number and diversity of the species presented and the quality and diversity of its photographs, this is spectacular,elegant, mysterious, grotesque. Skeletons of the vertebrates that inhabit the earth today carry with them the imprint of an evolutionary process that has lasted several billion years. A dual approach, scientific and aesthetic, combines stunning photographs of whole or part skeletons with a short text that illuminates chosen themes of evolution. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: EVOLUTION 2E MED UPD EB+IQ REG CR (Second Edition, Media Update) Carl T. Bergstrom, Lee Alan Dugatkin, 2019-07-22 |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology Charles Crawford, Dennis L. Krebs, 2013-03-07 Evolutionary psychology is concerned with the adaptive problems early humans faced in ancestral human environments, the nature of psychological mechanisms natural selection shaped to deal with those ancient problems, and the ability of the resulting evolved psychological mechanisms to deal with the problems people face in the modern world. Evolutionary psychology is currently advancing our understanding of altruism, moral behavior, family violence, sexual aggression, warfare, aesthetics, the nature of language, and gender differences in mate choice and perception. It is helping us understand the relationship between cognitive science, developmental psychology, behavior genetics, personality, and social psychology. Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology provides an up-to-date review of the ideas, issues, and applications of contemporary evolutionary psychology. It is suitable for senior undergraduates, first-year graduate students, or professionals who wish to become conversant with the major issues currently shaping the emergence of this dynamic new field. It will be interesting to psychologists, cognitive scientists, and anyone using new developments in the theory of evolution to gain new insights into human behavior. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Donald R. Prothero, 2017-08-22 Donald R. Prothero’s Evolution is an entertaining and rigorous history of the transitional forms and series found in the fossil record. Its engaging narrative of scientific discovery and well-grounded analysis has led to the book’s widespread adoption in courses that teach the nature and value of fossil evidence for evolution. Evolution tackles systematics and cladistics, rock dating, neo-Darwinism, and macroevolution. It includes extensive coverage of the primordial soup, invertebrate transitions, the development of the backbone, the reign of the dinosaurs, and the transformation from early hominid to modern human. The book also details the many alleged “missing links” in the fossil record, including some of the most recent discoveries that flesh out the fossil timeline and the evolutionary process. In this second edition, Prothero describes new transitional fossils from various periods, vividly depicting such bizarre creatures as the Odontochelys, or the “turtle on the half shell”; fossil snakes with legs; and the “Frogamander,” a new example of amphibian transition. Prothero’s discussion of intelligent design arguments includes more historical examples and careful examination of the “experiments” and observations that are exploited by creationists seeking to undermine sound science education. With new perspectives, Prothero reframes creationism as a case study in denialism and pseudoscience rather than a field with its own intellectual dynamism. The first edition was hailed as an exemplary exploration of the fossil evidence for evolution, and this second edition will be welcome in the libraries of scholars, teachers, and general readers who stand up for sound science in this post-truth era. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: The SAGE Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology Todd K. Shackelford, 2021-08-04 Evolutionary psychology is an important and rapidly expanding area in the life, social, and behavioral sciences, and this Handbook represents the most comprehensive and up-to-date reference text in the field today. Over three volumes, the Handbook provides a rich overview of the most important theoretical and empirical work in the field. Chapters cover a broad range of topics, including theoretical foundations, the integration of evolutionary psychology with other life, social, and behavioral sciences, as well as with the arts and the humanities, and the increasing power of evolutionary psychology to inform applied fields, including medicine, psychiatry, law, and education. Each of the volumes has been carefully curated to have a strong thematic focus, covering: - The foundations of evolutionary psychology; - The integration of evolutionary psychology with other disciplines, and; - The applications of evolutionary psychology. The SAGE Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology is an essential resource for researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduate students in all areas of psychology, and in related disciplines across the life, social, and behavioral sciences. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: How to Tame a Fox (and Build a Dog) Lee Alan Dugatkin, Lyudmila Trut, 2019-04-14 Tucked away in Siberia, there are furry, four-legged creatures with wagging tails and floppy ears that are as docile and friendly as any lapdog. But, despite appearances, these are not dogs—they are foxes. They are the result of the most astonishing experiment in breeding ever undertaken—imagine speeding up thousands of years of evolution into a few decades. In 1959, biologists Dmitri Belyaev and Lyudmila Trut set out to do just that, by starting with a few dozen silver foxes from fox farms in the USSR and attempting to recreate the evolution of wolves into dogs in real time in order to witness the process of domestication. This is the extraordinary, untold story of this remarkable undertaking. Most accounts of the natural evolution of wolves place it over a span of about 15,000 years, but within a decade, Belyaev and Trut’s fox breeding experiments had resulted in puppy-like foxes with floppy ears, piebald spots, and curly tails. Along with these physical changes came genetic and behavioral changes, as well. The foxes were bred using selection criteria for tameness, and with each generation, they became increasingly interested in human companionship. Trut has been there the whole time, and has been the lead scientist on this work since Belyaev’s death in 1985, and with Lee Dugatkin, biologist and science writer, she tells the story of the adventure, science, politics, and love behind it all. In How to Tame a Fox, Dugatkin and Trut take us inside this path-breaking experiment in the midst of the brutal winters of Siberia to reveal how scientific history is made and continues to be made today. To date, fifty-six generations of foxes have been domesticated, and we continue to learn significant lessons from them about the genetic and behavioral evolution of domesticated animals. How to Tame a Fox offers an incredible tale of scientists at work, while also celebrating the deep attachments that have brought humans and animals together throughout time. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Remarkable Creatures Sean B. Carroll, 2014-10-16 National Book Award Finalist: A biologist’s “thoroughly enjoyable” account of the expeditions that unearthed the history of life on our planet (Publishers Weekly). Not so long ago, most of our world was an unexplored wilderness. Our sense of its age was vague and vastly off the mark, and much of the knowledge of our own species’ history was a set of fantastic myths and fairy tales. But scientists were about to embark on an amazing new era of understanding. From the New York Times–bestselling author of The Big Picture, this book leads us on a rousing voyage that recounts the most important discoveries in two centuries of natural history: from Darwin’s trip around the world to Charles Walcott’s discovery of pre-Cambrian life in the Grand Canyon; from Louis and Mary Leakey’s investigation of our deepest past in East Africa to the trailblazers in modern laboratories who have located a time clock in our DNA. Filled with the same sense of adventure that spurred on these extraordinary men and women, Remarkable Creatures is a “stirring introduction to the wonder of evolutionary biology” (Kirkus Reviews). “Charming and enlightening.” —San Francisco Chronicle “As fast-paced as a detective story.” —Nature |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Douglas Futuyma, 2013-07-15 Thoroughly updated with new content, figures and citations, the third edition addresses major themes in contemporary evolutionary biology - including the history of evolution, evolutionary processes, adaptation, and evolution as an explanatory framework - at levels of biological organization ranging from genomes to ecological communities. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Science and Ethics in the Third Millennium Robert Cliquet, Dragana Avramov, 2018-01-10 The book aims to revitalise the interdisciplinary debate about evolutionary ethics and substantiate the idea that evolution science can provide a rational and robust framework for understanding morality. It also traces pathways for knowledge-based choices to be made about directions for future long-term biological evolution and cultural development in view of adaptation to the expected, probable and possible future and the ecological sustainability of our planetary environment The authors discuss ethical challenges associated with the major biosocial sources of human variation: individual variation, inter-personal variation, inter-group variation, and inter-generational variation. This book approaches the long-term challenges of the human species in a holistic way. Researchers will find an extensive discussion of the key theoretical scientific aspects of the relationship between evolution and morality. Policy makers will find information that can help them better understand from where we are coming and inspire them to make choices and take actions in a longer-term perspective. The general public will find food for thoughts. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Complex Networks X Sean P. Cornelius, Clara Granell Martorell, Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes, Bruno Gonçalves, 2019-03-05 This book aims to bring together researchers and practitioners working across domains and research disciplines to measure, model, and visualize complex networks. It collects the works presented at the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks (CompleNet) in Taragona, Spain, March, 2019. With roots in physical, information and social science, the study of complex networks provides a formal set of mathematical methods, computational tools and theories to describe, prescribe and predict dynamics and behaviors of complex systems. Despite their diversity, whether the systems are made up of physical, technological, informational, or social networks, they share many common organizing principles and thus can be studied with similar approaches. This book provides a view of the state-of-the-art in this dynamic field and covers topics such as group decision-making, brain and cellular connectivity, network controllability and resiliency, online activism, recommendation systems, and cyber security. This text will appeal to students and researchers in the field. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Carl Zimmer, Alison E. H. Perkins, Douglas John Emlen, 2016 Science writer Carl Zimmer and evolutionary biologist Douglas Emlen have produced a thoroughly revised new edition of their widely praised evolution textbook. Emlen, an award-winning evolutionary biologist at the University of Montana, has infused Evolution: Making Sense of Life with the technical rigor and conceptual depth that today’s biology majors require. Zimmer, an award-winning New York Times columnist, brings compelling storytelling to the book, bringing evolutionary research to life. Students will learn the fundamental concepts of evolutionary theory, such as natural selection, genetic drift, phylogeny, and coevolution. The book also drives home the relevance of evolution for disciplines ranging from conservation biology to medicine. With riveting stories about evolutionary biologists at work everywhere from the Arctic to tropical rainforests to hospital wards, the book is a reading adventure designed to grab the imagination of students, showing them exactly why it is that evolution makes such brilliant sense of life.-- |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution (Second Edition, Media Update) Carl T. Bergstrom, Lee Alan Dugatkin, 2018 |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolutionary Game Theory Jörgen W. Weibull, 1997 Introduces current evolutionary game theory--where ideas from evolutionary biology and rationalistic economics meet--emphasizing the links between static and dynamic approaches and noncooperative game theory. This text introduces current evolutionary game theory--where ideas from evolutionary biology and rationalistic economics meet--emphasizing the links between static and dynamic approaches and noncooperative game theory. Much of the text is devoted to the key concepts of evolutionary stability and replicator dynamics. The former highlights the role of mutations and the latter the mechanisms of selection. Moreover, set-valued static and dynamic stability concepts, as well as processes of social evolution, are discussed. Separate background chapters are devoted to noncooperative game theory and the theory of ordinary differential equations. There are examples throughout as well as individual chapter summaries. Because evolutionary game theory is a fast-moving field that is itself branching out and rapidly evolving, Jörgen Weibull has judiciously focused on clarifying and explaining core elements of the theory in an up-to-date, comprehensive, and self-contained treatment. The result is a text for second-year graduate students in economic theory, other social sciences, and evolutionary biology. The book goes beyond filling the gap between texts by Maynard-Smith and Hofbauer and Sigmund that are currently being used in the field. Evolutionary Game Theory will also serve as an introduction for those embarking on research in this area as well as a reference for those already familiar with the field. Weibull provides an overview of the developments that have taken place in this branch of game theory, discusses the mathematical tools needed to understand the area, describes both the motivation and intuition for the concepts involved, and explains why and how it is relevant to economics. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Introduction to Genomics Arthur Lesk, 2012 This book covers the latest techniques that enable us to study the genome in detail, the book explores what the genome tells us about life at the level of the molecule, the cell, and the organism |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution Brian Charlesworth, Deborah Charlesworth, 2017 This text is about the central role of evolution in shaping the nature and diversity of the living world. It describes the processes of natural selection, how adaptations arise, and how new species form, as well as summarizing the evidence for evolution |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Quasispecies: Concept and Implications for Virology Esteban Domingo, 2006-02-19 Continuous genetic variation and selection of virus subpopulations in the course of RNA virus replications are intimately related to viral disease mechanisms. The central topics of this volume are the origins of the quasispecies concept, and the implications of quasispecies dynamics for viral populations. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: The Evolution of Cooperation Robert Axelrod, 2009-04-29 A famed political scientist's classic argument for a more cooperative world We assume that, in a world ruled by natural selection, selfishness pays. So why cooperate? In The Evolution of Cooperation, political scientist Robert Axelrod seeks to answer this question. In 1980, he organized the famed Computer Prisoners Dilemma Tournament, which sought to find the optimal strategy for survival in a particular game. Over and over, the simplest strategy, a cooperative program called Tit for Tat, shut out the competition. In other words, cooperation, not unfettered competition, turns out to be our best chance for survival. A vital book for leaders and decision makers, The Evolution of Cooperation reveals how cooperative principles help us think better about everything from military strategy, to political elections, to family dynamics. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Ecology Michael Lee Cain, William D. Bowman, Sally D. Hacker, 2011 Offering a balance of subject matter emphasis, clearly presented concepts and engaging examples, this book aims to help students gain a better understanding of ecology. Emphasis is placed on connections in nature, the importance of ecology to environmental health and services, and links to evolution. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Intermediate Microeconomics with Calculus: A Modern Approach Varian, Hal R., 2016-04-29 From Google's chief economist, Varian's best-selling intermediate microeconomics texts are revered as some of the best in the field. And now students can work problems online with Smartwork5, Norton's online homework system, packaged at no additional charge with the Media Update Editions. In addition to online homework, the texts now include four-color graphs and new interactive animations. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Principles of Animal Behavior Lee Alan Dugatkin, 2014 Current, balanced, and comprehensive. Principles of Animal Behavior has long been considered the most current and engaging introduction to animal behavior. The Third Edition is now also the most comprehensive and balanced in its approach to the theoretical framework behind how biologists study behavior. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: The Social Biology of Microbial Communities Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Forum on Microbial Threats, 2013-01-10 Beginning with the germ theory of disease in the 19th century and extending through most of the 20th century, microbes were believed to live their lives as solitary, unicellular, disease-causing organisms . This perception stemmed from the focus of most investigators on organisms that could be grown in the laboratory as cellular monocultures, often dispersed in liquid, and under ambient conditions of temperature, lighting, and humidity. Most such inquiries were designed to identify microbial pathogens by satisfying Koch's postulates.3 This pathogen-centric approach to the study of microorganisms produced a metaphorical war against these microbial invaders waged with antibiotic therapies, while simultaneously obscuring the dynamic relationships that exist among and between host organisms and their associated microorganisms-only a tiny fraction of which act as pathogens. Despite their obvious importance, very little is actually known about the processes and factors that influence the assembly, function, and stability of microbial communities. Gaining this knowledge will require a seismic shift away from the study of individual microbes in isolation to inquiries into the nature of diverse and often complex microbial communities, the forces that shape them, and their relationships with other communities and organisms, including their multicellular hosts. On March 6 and 7, 2012, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop to explore the emerging science of the social biology of microbial communities. Workshop presentations and discussions embraced a wide spectrum of topics, experimental systems, and theoretical perspectives representative of the current, multifaceted exploration of the microbial frontier. Participants discussed ecological, evolutionary, and genetic factors contributing to the assembly, function, and stability of microbial communities; how microbial communities adapt and respond to environmental stimuli; theoretical and experimental approaches to advance this nascent field; and potential applications of knowledge gained from the study of microbial communities for the improvement of human, animal, plant, and ecosystem health and toward a deeper understanding of microbial diversity and evolution. The Social Biology of Microbial Communities: Workshop Summary further explains the happenings of the workshop. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Evolution's Wedge David Pfennig, Karin Pfennig, 2012-10-25 Evolutionary biology has long sought to explain how new traits and new species arise. Darwin maintained that competition is key to understanding this biodiversity and held that selection acting to minimize competition causes competitors to become increasingly different, thereby promoting new traits and new species. Despite Darwin’s emphasis, competition’s role in diversification remains controversial and largely underappreciated. In their synthetic and provocative book, evolutionary ecologists David and Karin Pfennig explore competition's role in generating and maintaining biodiversity. The authors discuss how selection can lessen resource competition or costly reproductive interactions by promoting trait evolution through a process known as character displacement. They further describe character displacement’s underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms. The authors then consider character displacement’s myriad downstream effects, ranging from shaping ecological communities to promoting new traits and new species and even fueling large-scale evolutionary trends. Drawing on numerous studies from natural populations, and written for a broad audience, Evolution’s Wedge seeks to inspire future research into character displacement’s many implications for ecology and evolution. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: The Evidence for Evolution Alan R. Rogers, 2011-06-01 According to polling data, most Americans doubt that evolution is a real phenomenon. And it’s no wonder that so many are skeptical: many of today’s biology courses and textbooks dwell on the mechanisms of evolution—natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow—but say little about the evidence that evolution happens at all. How do we know that species change? Has there really been enough time for evolution to operate? With The Evidence for Evolution, Alan R. Rogers provides an elegant, straightforward text that details the evidence for evolution. Rogers covers different levels of evolution, from within-species changes, which are much less challenging to see and believe, to much larger ones, say, from fish to amphibian, or from land mammal to whale. For each case, he supplies numerous lines of evidence to illustrate the changes, including fossils, DNA, and radioactive isotopes. His comprehensive treatment stresses recent advances in knowledge but also recounts the give and take between skeptical scientists who first asked “how can we be sure” and then marshaled scientific evidence to attain certainty. The Evidence for Evolution is a valuable addition to the literature on evolution and will be essential to introductory courses in the life sciences. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science Todd K. Shackelford, Viviana A. Weekes-Shackelford, 2021-03-20 This comprehensive, twelve volume reference work reflects the interdisciplinary influences on evolutionary psychology and serves as a major resource for its history, scientific contributors and theories. It draws on biology, cognitive science, anthropology, psychology, economics, computer science and paleoarchaeology to provide a multifaceted picture of behavioral adaptation in humans and how it adds to our academic and clinical understanding. Edited by a noted figure in evolutionary psychology, with many seminal and renowned contributors, this encyclopedia offers the full breadth of an area that is the forefront of behavioral thinking and investigation. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour Alan Lewis, 2008-04-17 Psychologists have been observing and interpreting economic behaviour for at least fifty years, and the last decade, in particular, has seen an escalated interest in the interface between psychology and economics. The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour is a valuable reference resource dedicated to improving our understanding of the economic mind and economic behaviour. Employing empirical methods – including laboratory experiments, field experiments, observations, questionnaires and interviews – the Handbook covers aspects of theory and method, financial and consumer behaviour, the environment and biological perspectives. With contributions from distinguished scholars from a variety of countries and backgrounds, the Handbook is an important step forward in the improvement of communications between the disciplines of psychology and economics. It will appeal to academic researchers and graduates in economic psychology and behavioural economics. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Visualizing Microbiology Rodney P. Anderson, Linda Young, 2017-08-14 Visualizing Microbiology, 1st Edition provides an introduction to microbiology for students who require the basic fundamentals of microbiology as a requirement for their major or course of study. The unique visual pedagogy of the Visualizing series provides a powerful combination of content, visuals, multimedia and videos ideal for microbiology. A dynamic learning platform encouraging engagement with real clinical content, Visualizing Microbiology also brings the narrative to life with integrated multimedia helping students see and understand the unseen in the world of microbiology. |
| bergstrom and dugatkin evolution: Game-Theoretical Models in Biology Mark Broom, Jan Rychtar, 2013-03-27 Covering the major topics of evolutionary game theory, Game-Theoretical Models in Biology presents both abstract and practical mathematical models of real biological situations. It discusses the static aspects of game theory in a mathematically rigorous way that is appealing to mathematicians. In addition, the authors explore many applications of game theory to biology, making the text useful to biologists as well. The book describes a wide range of topics in evolutionary games, including matrix games, replicator dynamics, the hawk-dove game, and the prisoner’s dilemma. It covers the evolutionarily stable strategy, a key concept in biological games, and offers in-depth details of the mathematical models. Most chapters illustrate how to use MATLAB® to solve various games. Important biological phenomena, such as the sex ratio of so many species being close to a half, the evolution of cooperative behavior, and the existence of adornments (for example, the peacock’s tail), have been explained using ideas underpinned by game theoretical modeling. Suitable for readers studying and working at the interface of mathematics and the life sciences, this book shows how evolutionary game theory is used in the modeling of these diverse biological phenomena. |
Bergstrom And Dugatkin Evolution [PDF] - netsec.csuci.edu
"Bergstrom and Dugatkin on Evolution," their combined influence is profound. Their individual and collaborative efforts have illuminated crucial areas within evolutionary biology, enriching our understanding of adaptation, cooperation, and the dynamics of biological systems.
Evolution Bergstrom And Dugatkin (Download Only)
Carl Bergstrom and Lee Dugatkin have significantly advanced our understanding of evolutionary biology. Their contributions, through collaborative research and effective communication, have …
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Understand mechanisms of evolution of life history, sexual selection, coevolution, and evolution of disease.
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explains the central concepts essential for understanding new advances in evolution including natural selection genetic drift and sexual selection He demonstrates how vital evolution is to all …
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Chapter 1: Mechanisms of Evolution: Natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation. Detailed explanations and examples from the book. Chapter 2: The Evidence for Evolution: Fossil …
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Evolution Carl T. Bergstrom,Lee Alan Dugatkin,2016-02-25 Evolution presents foundational concepts through a contemporary framework of population genetics and phylogenetics that is …
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Jun 29, 2019 · understanding new advances in evolution, including natural selection, genetic drift, and sexual selection. He demonstrates how vital evolution is to all branches of modern …
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Bergstrom and Dugatkin present a framework for understanding evolution built upon four pillars: 1. Variation: Within any population, individuals exhibit differences in traits, from subtle variations …
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Bergstrom and Dugatkin's "Evolution" is a landmark textbook, offering a comprehensive and engaging exploration of evolutionary biology. Its interdisciplinary approach, clear explanations, …
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Evolution Carl T. Bergstrom,Lee Alan Dugatkin,2016-02-25 Evolution presents foundational concepts through a contemporary framework of population genetics and phylogenetics that is …
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May 18, 2016 · This chapter explores evolution in small populations, the consequences of genetic drift, coalescent theory, how genetic drift affects demography and biogeography, how genetic …
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Bergstrom and Dugatkin's "Evolution" is a landmark textbook, offering a comprehensive and engaging exploration of evolutionary biology. Its interdisciplinary approach, clear explanations, …
Bergstrom And Dugatkin Evolution [PDF] - netsec.csuci.edu
"Bergstrom and Dugatkin on Evolution," their combined influence is profound. Their individual and collaborative efforts have illuminated crucial areas within evolutionary biology, enriching our understanding of adaptation, cooperation, and the dynamics of biological systems.
Evolution Bergstrom And Dugatkin (Download Only)
Carl Bergstrom and Lee Dugatkin have significantly advanced our understanding of evolutionary biology. Their contributions, through collaborative research and effective communication, have made complex concepts accessible and engaging.
BIOLOGY 222 (002-004): EVOLUTION - New Jersey …
Understand mechanisms of evolution of life history, sexual selection, coevolution, and evolution of disease.
Evolution By Bergstrom And Dugatkin - wiki.drf.com
Evolution Carl T. Bergstrom,Lee Alan Dugatkin,2016-02-25 Evolution presents foundational concepts through a contemporary framework of population genetics and phylogenetics that is enriched...
Evolution By Bergstrom And Dugatkin (book)
explains the central concepts essential for understanding new advances in evolution including natural selection genetic drift and sexual selection He demonstrates how vital evolution is to all branches of modern biology from the fight against deadly antibiotic resistant bacteria to the analysis of the human genome
Evolution Bergstrom And Dugatkin Pdf Copy
Chapter 1: Mechanisms of Evolution: Natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation. Detailed explanations and examples from the book. Chapter 2: The Evidence for Evolution: Fossil record, comparative anatomy, molecular biology, biogeography. Supporting …
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Evolution By Bergstrom And Dugatkin
Jun 29, 2019 · understanding new advances in evolution, including natural selection, genetic drift, and sexual selection. He demonstrates how vital evolution is to all branches of modern biology—from the fight against deadly antibiotic-resistant bacteria …
Evolution By Bergstrom And Dugatkin (PDF)
explains the central concepts essential for understanding new advances in evolution, including natural selection, genetic drift, and sexual selection. He demonstrates how vital evolution is to all branches of modern biology—from the fight against deadly antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the analysis of the human genome.
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Bergstrom and Dugatkin present a framework for understanding evolution built upon four pillars: 1. Variation: Within any population, individuals exhibit differences in traits, from subtle variations in physical characteristics
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Bergstrom and Dugatkin's "Evolution" is a landmark textbook, offering a comprehensive and engaging exploration of evolutionary biology. Its interdisciplinary approach, clear explanations, and integration of mathematical models and real-world examples make it invaluable for students and professionals alike.
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Evolution Carl T. Bergstrom,Lee Alan Dugatkin,2016-02-25 Evolution presents foundational concepts through a contemporary framework of population genetics and phylogenetics that is enriched by...
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May 18, 2016 · This chapter explores evolution in small populations, the consequences of genetic drift, coalescent theory, how genetic drift affects demography and biogeography, how genetic drift interacts with selection and mutation, and the neutral theory of molecular evolution.
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A capstone chapter on evolution and drugs and a full chapter on genome evolution spotlight the cutting-edge of analysis in evolutionary biology. The Second Edition gives a wealthy number of assets for in-class dialogue or homework assignments.
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