Advertisement
The Basics of Social Research: Your Guide to Understanding Society
Understanding the world around us is a fundamental human desire. Social research provides the tools and methods to do just that – to systematically explore, analyze, and interpret the complexities of human behavior, social interactions, and societal structures. This comprehensive guide dives into the basics of social research, providing a foundational understanding for anyone interested in exploring this fascinating field, whether you're a student, a professional, or simply a curious individual. We'll cover key concepts, methodologies, and ethical considerations to equip you with a solid understanding of this vital discipline.
H2: Defining Social Research: More Than Just Observation
What exactly is social research? It's more than just casual observation; it's a systematic investigation into social phenomena using scientific methods. This involves formulating research questions, developing hypotheses (testable statements), collecting data through various techniques, analyzing that data, and drawing meaningful conclusions. The goal isn't just to describe what's happening, but to understand why it's happening and what implications it has.
H2: Key Steps in the Social Research Process
The social research process is cyclical and iterative, often requiring adjustments along the way. Here's a breakdown of the fundamental steps:
#### H3: 1. Formulating a Research Question: The Foundation of Your Study
Every social research project begins with a clear, focused research question. This question guides the entire process, determining the methodology, data collection techniques, and analysis methods. A well-defined question is crucial for a successful study. For example, instead of a broad question like "What causes poverty?", a more focused question might be "What is the relationship between access to education and poverty rates in urban areas?"
#### H3: 2. Literature Review: Building Upon Existing Knowledge
Before embarking on your research, it's vital to conduct a thorough literature review. This involves examining existing research on your topic to identify gaps in knowledge, understand different perspectives, and refine your research question. This step ensures your work builds upon and contributes to the broader body of knowledge.
#### H3: 3. Choosing a Research Methodology: Qualitative vs. Quantitative
Social research employs various methodologies, broadly categorized as qualitative and quantitative.
Quantitative research focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis to identify patterns and relationships. Methods include surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis of existing datasets.
Qualitative research explores in-depth understanding of social phenomena through interviews, focus groups, observations, and textual analysis. It emphasizes rich descriptions and interpretations of social experiences.
The choice of methodology depends on the research question and the nature of the phenomenon being studied.
#### H3: 4. Data Collection: Gathering the Evidence
Data collection is the process of gathering information relevant to your research question. The methods used depend on your chosen methodology. This might involve administering surveys, conducting interviews, observing social interactions, or analyzing existing documents and archives. Ensuring data quality and validity is critical at this stage.
#### H3: 5. Data Analysis: Interpreting the Findings
Once data is collected, it needs to be analyzed to identify patterns, relationships, and insights. Quantitative data analysis often involves statistical techniques, while qualitative data analysis involves thematic analysis, coding, and interpretation of narratives.
#### H3: 6. Reporting and Dissemination: Sharing Your Findings
The final step involves sharing your research findings through reports, academic publications, presentations, or other means. This allows others to benefit from your work and contributes to the collective knowledge in the field.
H2: Ethical Considerations in Social Research
Ethical considerations are paramount in social research. Researchers must prioritize the well-being and rights of participants. This includes obtaining informed consent, ensuring anonymity and confidentiality, minimizing risks to participants, and avoiding deception. Ethical review boards often oversee research projects to ensure adherence to ethical guidelines.
H2: Types of Social Research Designs
Various research designs exist, each with its strengths and weaknesses. Common designs include:
Experimental designs: Used to establish cause-and-effect relationships.
Cross-sectional designs: Collect data at a single point in time.
Longitudinal designs: Collect data over an extended period, tracking changes over time.
Case studies: In-depth investigations of a single case or phenomenon.
Conclusion
Understanding the basics of social research empowers us to critically examine the social world and contribute to meaningful knowledge. This involves mastering the research process, selecting appropriate methodologies, and upholding ethical principles. By applying these principles, we can generate valuable insights into human behavior, social structures, and societal challenges, ultimately contributing to a more informed and just society.
FAQs
1. What is the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning in social research? Deductive reasoning starts with a theory and tests it through data collection, while inductive reasoning starts with data and develops a theory from the observed patterns.
2. What are some common sampling techniques used in social research? Common sampling techniques include random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and convenience sampling, each with its own advantages and limitations.
3. How can I improve the reliability and validity of my social research? Reliability refers to the consistency of your measurements, while validity refers to whether you are measuring what you intend to measure. Using established measures, employing rigorous data collection methods, and using multiple data sources can improve both.
4. What software is commonly used for data analysis in social research? Common software packages include SPSS, R, Stata, and NVivo (for qualitative data).
5. Where can I find more resources to learn about social research methods? Numerous universities offer online courses and resources on social research methodologies. Academic journals and textbooks also provide extensive information on the topic.
| basics of social research: Basics of Social Research Lawrence W. Neuman, Karen Robson, 2011-01-15 With its enhanced design and increased Canadian content, Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches sets a new standard in social research methods. The improved layout makes a difficult subject easier to understand, with a new four-colour, visually enhanced presentation. Updated Canadian content focuses on real research examples from Canadian studies to make social research accessible to students and demonstrate how social research has applications in the real world. Themed boxes, new end-of-chapter questions, and easy access to additional content through MyResearchKit increases student learning and provides a foundation for further learning about social research methods. |
| basics of social research: Essentials Of Social Research Kalof, Linda, Dan, Amy, 2008-10-01 Covers types of research, reasoning and data, basic logic of quantitative and qualitative inquiry, major data collection strategies, and identification of research limitations. This book describes procedures for identifying limitations of research and rival explanations for research findings. |
| basics of social research: Fundamentals of Social Research Earl R. Babbie, Lucia Benaquisto, 2002 Earl Babbie, best-selling author in the field, is joined by Lucia Benaquisto, experienced researcher and teacher for The Basics of Social Research, First Canadian Edition. This outstanding author team makes abstract theory understandable with humour and down-to-earth examples. Canadian examples and Canadian social science research make the text even more relevant to students. This textbook is for a one semester course in research methods. The adaptation is unique because it took the American edition but added unique chapters and methods based on the reviewers? desire for comprehensive coverage. There is more material on ethics and qualitative research in the Canadian edition. There is also coverage of a more advanced topic, the elaboration model. This adaptation is also uniquein the Canadian market because of its rich ancillary package. |
| basics of social research: The Basics of Social Research Earl R. Babbie, 2005 This is a concise, affordable, applied paperback research methods text by Earl Babbie, who defined how to teach the research methods course with his standard-setting text, THE PRACTICE OF SOCIAL RESEARCH. The streamlined Third Edition of THE BASICS OF SOCIAL RESEARCH focuses particularly on the application of social research, emphasizing the fundamental concepts of both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Inductive chapter openings pose social research problems that are addressed and resolved in each chapter through the application of key chapter concepts. Each chapter contains detailed examples and sections on how to interpret the results of data analysis. The text provides students with the necessary tools for understanding the basics of social research methods and for applying these concepts both inside and outside the classroom. |
| basics of social research: Basics of Social Research William Lawrence Neuman, Karen Robson, 2008-02-19 Introduces social research in a manner that captures both the excitement and importance of doing “real” research. Examples using real research and Canadian data highlight both qualitative and quantitative approaches to social research and emphasize the benefits of combining various approaches for a distinct and complementary perspective to understanding the social world. Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approacheswill show you how to look at the world from a new perspective, to question, and to understand the importance of social research today. |
| basics of social research: The Foundations of Social Research Michael Crotty, 1998-08-26 Choosing a research method can be bewildering. How can you be sure which methodology is appropriate, or whether your chosen combination of methods is consistent with the theoretical perspective you want to take? This book links methodology and theory with great clarity and precision, showing students and researchers how to navigate the maze of conflicting terminology. The major epistemological stances and theoretical perspectives that colour and shape current social research are detailed and the author reveals the philosophical origins of these schools of inquiry and shows how various disciplines contribute to the practice of social research as it is known today. |
| basics of social research: Basics of Social Research William Lawrence Neuman, Karen Robson, 2011-01-15 With its enhanced design and increased Canadian content, Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches sets a new standard in social research methods. The improved layout makes a difficult subject easier to understand, with a new four-colour, visually enhanced presentation.¿Updated Canadian content focuses on real research examples from Canadian studies to make social research accessible to students and demonstrate how social research has applications in the real world. Themed boxes and new¿end-of-chapter questions increases student learning and provides a foundation for further learning about social research methods. |
| basics of social research: Basics of Social Research William Lawrence Neuman, 2007 Helps students understand what research can and cannot do, become better consumers of research, and learn why properly conducted research is important. This text teaches students to be a better consumer of research results, understand how the research enterprise works, and prepares them to conduct small research projects. Upon completing this text, students will be aware of what research can and cannot do, and why properly conducted research is important. Using clear, accessible language and examples from real research, this discusses both qualitative and quantitative approaches to social research, emphasizing the benefits of combining various approaches. Briefer, paperback text, adapted from Neuman's Social Research Methods, Sixth Edition. |
| basics of social research: The Basics of Social Research Earl Babbie, 2008 This thorough revision of Babbie's standard-setting book presents a succinct, straightforward introduction to the field of research methods as practiced by social scientists. Contemporary examples+such as terrorism, Alzheimer's disease, anti-gay prejudice and education, and the legalization of marijuana make this Fourth Edition thoroughly fascinating as it introduces you to the how-tos and whys of social research methods. The book's new qualitative coverage combined with its already strong quantitative material makes this new edition Babbie's best yet. Babbie, long respected in the field and renowned for his engaging and friendly writing style, gives you the tools you need for understanding social research methods and for applying these concepts both inside and outside the classroom+as a researcher and as a consumer of research. With a strong emphasis on ethics and additional qualitative material, this Fourth Edition is authoritative yet student-friendly . . . and engaging enough to help you connect the dots between the world of social research and the real world. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version. |
| basics of social research: Basic Statistics for Social Research Robert A. Hanneman, Augustine J. Kposowa, Mark D. Riddle, 2012-12-04 A core statistics text that emphasizes logical inquiry, not math Basic Statistics for Social Research teaches core general statistical concepts and methods that all social science majors must master to understand (and do) social research. Its use of mathematics and theory are deliberately limited, as the authors focus on the use of concepts and tools of statistics in the analysis of social science data, rather than on the mathematical and computational aspects. Research questions and applications are taken from a wide variety of subfields in sociology, and each chapter is organized around one or more general ideas that are explained at its beginning and then applied in increasing detail in the body of the text. Each chapter contains instructive features to aid students in understanding and mastering the various statistical approaches presented in the book, including: Learning objectives Check quizzes after many sections and an answer key at the end of the chapter Summary Key terms End-of-chapter exercises SPSS exercises (in select chapters) Ancillary materials for both the student and the instructor are available and include a test bank for instructors and downloadable video tutorials for students. |
| basics of social research: Principles and Methods of Social Research William D. Crano, Marilynn B. Brewer, Andrew Lac, 2014-09-09 Used to train generations of social scientists, this thoroughly updated classic text covers the latest research techniques and designs. Applauded for its comprehensive coverage, the breadth and depth of content is unparalleled. Through a multi-methodology approach, the text guides readers toward the design and conduct of social research from the ground up. Explained with applied examples useful to the social, behavioral, educational, and organizational sciences, the methods described are intended to be relevant to contemporary researchers. The underlying logic and mechanics of experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental research strategies are discussed in detail. Introductory chapters covering topics such as validity and reliability furnish readers with a firm understanding of foundational concepts. Chapters dedicated to sampling, interviewing, questionnaire design, stimulus scaling, observational methods, content analysis, implicit measures, dyadic and group methods, and meta-analysis provide coverage of these essential methodologies. The book is noted for its: -Emphasis on understanding the principles that govern the use of a method to facilitate the researcher’s choice of the best technique for a given situation. - Use of the laboratory experiment as a touchstone to describe and evaluate field experiments, correlational designs, quasi experiments, evaluation studies, and survey designs. -Coverage of the ethics of social research including the power a researcher wields and tips on how to use it responsibly. The new edition features:-A new co-author, Andrew Lac, instrumental in fine tuning the book’s accessible approach and highlighting the most recent developments at the intersection of design and statistics. -More learning tools including more explanation of the basic concepts, more research examples, tables, and figures, and the addition of bold faced terms, chapter conclusions, discussion questions, and a glossary. -Extensive revision of chapter (3) on measurement reliability theory that examines test theory, latent factors, factor analysis, and item response theory. -Expanded coverage of cutting-edge methodologies including mediation and moderation, reliability and validity, missing data, and more physiological approaches such as neuroimaging and fMRIs. -A new web based resource package that features Power Points and discussion and exam questions for each chapter and for students chapter outlines and summaries, key terms, and suggested readings. Intended as a text for graduate or advanced undergraduate courses in research methods (design) in psychology, communication, sociology, education, public health, and marketing, an introductory undergraduate course on research methods is recommended. |
| basics of social research: Social Research Methods:Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches: Pearson New International Edition W. Lawrence Neuman, 2014 |
| basics of social research: Social Research Methods Nicholas Walliman, 2006-03-10 SAGE Course Companions are an exciting new series from SAGE offering students an insider's guide into how to make the most of their undergraduate courses and extend their understanding of key concepts covered in their course. Social Research Methods provides student readers with essential help with their research project, with revising for their course exams, preparing and writing course assessment materials, and enhancing and progressing their knowledge and thinking skills in line with course requirements on Research Methods courses. This Course Companion is designed to augment, rather than replace, existing textbooks for the course, and will provide: Helpful summaries of the course curriculum to aid essay and project planning Key summaries of the approach taken by the main Methods textbooks Guidance on the essential study skills required Help with developing critical thinking Route-maps to aid the development of wider learning above and beyond the textbook Pointers to success in course exams and written assessment exercises A tutor's-eye view of what course examiners are looking for An insider's view of what key course concepts are really all about SAGE Course Companions are much more than revision guides for undergraduate; they are an essential tool to taking your course learning and understanding to new levels and in new directions that are the key to success in undergraduate courses. |
| basics of social research: Social Research Methods H. Russell Bernard, 2013 Bernard does an excellent job of not only showing how to practice research, but also provides a detailed discussion of broader historical and philosophical contexts that are important for understanding research. |
| basics of social research: Methodological Thinking Donileen R. Loseke, 2016-01-29 Focused on the underlying logic behind social research, Methodological Thinking: Basic Principles of Social Research Design by Donileen R. Loseke encourages readers to understand research methods as a way of thinking. The book provides a concise overview of the basic principles of social research, including the characteristics of research questions, the importance of literature reviews, variations in data generation techniques, and sampling. The Second Edition includes a revised chapter on research foundations, with focus on the philosophy of science and ethics; an emphasis on critical thinking; additional attention to evaluating research; and a new selection of briefer, multidisciplinary journal articles designed to be accessible to a wide variety of readers. |
| basics of social research: Approaches to Social Research Royce Singleton, 1988 Striking a balance between specific techniques and the underlying logic of social scientific inquiry, this book provides a valuable introduction to social research methods. Sophisticated enough to make social science students become intelligent consumers of research evidence, this lucidly written survey is also entirely accessible to those with very little knowledge of the field. |
| basics of social research: Research Basics James V. Spickard, 2016-09-15 Research Basics: Design to Data Analysis in Six Steps offers a fresh and creative approach to the research process based on author James V. Spickard’s decades of teaching experience. Using an intuitive six-step model, readers learn how to craft a research question and then identify a logical process for answering it. Conversational writing and multi-disciplinary examples illuminate the model’s simplicity and power, effectively connecting the “hows” and “whys” behind social science research. Students using this book will learn how to turn their research questions into results. |
| basics of social research: Social Science Research Anol Bhattacherjee, 2012-04-01 This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages. |
| basics of social research: EBOOK: The Good Research Guide: For Small-Scale Social Research Projects Martyn Denscombe, 2017-06-16 This bestselling introductory book offers practical and straightforward guidance on the basics of social research, ideal for anyone who needs to conduct small-scale research projects as part of their undergraduate, postgraduate or professional studies. The book provides: • A clear, straightforward introduction to data collection methods and data analysis • Jargon-free coverage of the key issues • Checklists to guide good practice The sixth edition has been extensively updated and includes features such as: • A new chapter on the Life Course Perspective • A new chapter on Literature Reviews • New material on the Delphi Technique • An updated and expanded chapter on the analysis of Quantitative Data • New examples and illustrations throughout The Good Research Guide, 6th edition is a valuable resource for anyone conducting social research including those in applied areas such as business studies, health studies, nursing, education, social work, policy studies, marketing, media studies and criminology. Denscombe's The Good Research Guide, now in its 6th edition, continues to be one of the leading books in the field. It covers the topics a student or practitioner doing a research project needs to know from project design, theoretical underpinnings of research, data collection and analysis to writing up your research. Its accessible and practical approach means that it is an excellent resource for those new to undertaking independent research. Liam Foster, Senior Lecturer in Social Policy and Social Work, Sheffield University, UK Martyn Denscombe's text continues to remain core reading for those undertaking small pieces of research and those who need to gain a firm grounding in the principles of research theory and practice. From deciding on a research approach to the process of writing up, this finely balanced edition offers a comprehensive and detailed guide to the research cycle. Pragmatic, and with the needs of the researcher always in mind, it makes social science research accessible, undaunting, and, what's more, a completely possible, stimulating, and enjoyable endeavour. Yunis Alam, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Bradford, UK The Good Research Guide provides a comprehensive view of the complex strategies and approaches of conducting social research, explained in simple terms. Relevant examples and check lists provided in each section not only helps to gain better understanding but also reflect on one’s own research. This book has tremendously helped me to gain knowledge and understanding of complex research strategies. It will provide clear guidance and direction for students and researchers in their research journey to achieve success. Deborah Ebenezer, Research Student I think the book has a very good précis of areas relevant to the title. It outlines very well in a logical order the elements pertinent to 'social research'. Each chapter is relatively comprehensive and deals with subject material that is important, in a language that is accessible throughout. It does what it says on the tin and provides practical information and guidance as a 'how to' text' for those needing help with this type of research project. In particular I think the checklists are an excellent chapter ending to help plan and bring into sharp focus what is needed for any particular approach. The within chapter examples are excellent and help to further inform the reader what the author is trying to convey. Chapter links help further embed concepts and show how the various research elements may be associated. Overall an excellent introductory text that embodies a no-nonsense approach to a subject that can be at times complex. By breaking down topic areas and giving simple examples the subject is eminently accessible to the reader. Well done! Stephen Pearson, Senior Lecturer in Human and Applied Physiology, School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, UK This new edition provides comprehensive guidance to those undertaking small-scale social research projects including dissertations in business and management and the social sciences and I would recommend its use for all those new to research and also to refresh the thinking of those with prior research experience. Part 1 addresses a range of strategies for social research including surveys, sampling, case studies, experiments, ethnography, the life course perspective, grounded theory, action research, phenomenology, systematic review and mixed methods. There are few texts which address research strategies in such a comprehensive manner. The text develops in Part 2 by providing clear guidance on the selection and use of appropriate methods of data collection such as questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentary analysis, taking into account the aims and objective of the research project. Part 4 considers both quantitative and qualitative data analysis with Part 4 providing essential information on research ethics, the reporting of research and on the conduct and presentation of the literature review essential to all research projects. I have no hesitation in commending this text for use by undergraduate and post-graduate students as well as those undertaking research projects independent of an academic programme. Dr. Bobby Mackie, Senior Lecturer, School of Business and Enterprise, University of the West of Scotland, UK |
| basics of social research: Social Research Methods Alan Bryman, 2012-01-19 Text accompanied by a companion web site. |
| basics of social research: Transcribing for Social Research Alexa Hepburn, Galina B. Bolden, 2017-05-01 How can we capture the words, gestures and conduct of study participants? How do we transcribe what happens in social interactions in analytically useful ways? How could systematic and detailed transcription practices benefit research? This book demonstrates how best to represent talk and interaction in a manageable and academically credible way that enables analysis. It describes and assesses key methodological and epistemological debates about the status of transcription research while also setting out best practice for handling different types of data and forms of social interaction. Featuring transcribing basics as well as important recent developments, this book guides you through: Time and sequencing Speech delivery and patterns Non-vocal conduct Emotive displays like laughter, tears, or pain Talk in non-English languages Helpful technological resources As the first book-length exposition of the Jeffersonian transcription conventions, this well-crafted balance of theory and practice is a must-have resource for any social scientist looking to produce high quality transcripts. |
| basics of social research: Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches W. Lawrence Neuman, 2013-08-27 Preparing students to do research and understand what research can do. Basics of Social Research helps students understand what research can and cannot do, become better consumers of research, and learn why properly conducted research is important. This text teaches students to be better consumers of research results and understand how the research enterprise works, preparing them to conduct small research projects. Upon completing this text, students will gain an awareness of the capabilities and restrictions of research, and learn why properly conducted research is important. Using clear, accessible language and examples from real research, this text discusses both qualitative and quantitative approaches to social research, emphasizing the benefits of combining various approaches. The full text downloaded to your computer With eBooks you can: search for key concepts, words and phrases make highlights and notes as you study share your notes with friends eBooks are downloaded to your computer and accessible either offline through the Bookshelf (available as a free download), available online and also via the iPad and Android apps. Upon purchase, you'll gain instant access to this eBook. Time limit The eBooks products do not have an expiry date. You will continue to access your digital ebook products whilst you have your Bookshelf installed. |
| basics of social research: Research Methods: The Basics Nicholas Walliman, 2017-09-13 Research Methods: The Basics is an accessible, user-friendly introduction to the different aspects of research theory, methods and practice. This second edition provides an expanded resource suitable for students and practitioners in a wide range of disciplines including the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. Structured in two parts – the first covering the nature of knowledge and the reasons for research, the second the specific methods used to carry out effective research and how to propose, plan, carry out and write up a research project – this book covers: • Reasons for doing a research project • Structuring and planning a research project • The ethical issues involved in research • Different types of data and how they are measured • Collecting and analysing qualitative and quantitative data in order to draw sound conclusions • Mixed methods and interdisciplinary research • Devising a research proposal and writing up the research • Motivation and quality of work. Complete with a glossary of key terms and guides to further reading, this book is an essential text for anyone coming to research for the first time. |
| basics of social research: Adventures in Social Research Earl R. Babbie, 2011 Click on the Supplements tab above for further details on the different versions of SPSS programs. |
| basics of social research: Do It Yourself Social Research Yoland Wadsworth, 2016-06-16 With the rapid growth of collaborative, indigenous, and community-based research, one of the key challenges researchers face is finding an effective way of involving non-researchers in the research process. Do It Yourself Social Research has been a best-selling methodology guide for action research projects and community groups in Australia for almost three decades. Always emphasizing the importance of a spirit of inquiry, it demystifies the research process, covering where to start, how to manage a research project, what methods, techniques and resources to use, and interpretation, analysis and reporting. This third edition has been thoroughly revised, adding the use of narrative and dialogue in research, rich research design, and what digital technology can (and can’t) contribute to the research process. With its hands-on, no-nonsense approach, Do It Yourself Social Research is an essential resource for community groups, college students, and other novice researchers in health, social welfare, education and related areas. |
| basics of social research: Survey Research Keith Punch, 2003-05-02 This book focuses on small-scale quantitative surveys studying the relationships between variables. After showing the central place of the quantitative survey in social science research methodology, it then takes a simple model of the survey, describes its elements and gives a set of steps and guidelines for implementing each element. |
| basics of social research: Practice of Social Research D. K. Lal Das, 2017-11 Since the publication of first edition of this book, social research in general and social work research in particular, have grown very rapidly. Today, social science research methodology has evolved to become highly scientific and diverse in nature. Practice of Social Research very precisely describes the basics of social research but the primary focus of the book is on the applicability of research methods in social work theory and practice. Social work research has a unique role to play in enabling social work students, educators, and practitioners to meet the growing demands of higher professional standards and accountability. The book aims to enhance social work practice-a scientific practice-by using various research methods, tools, and techniques. Key features of this revised edition include: a section on 'Determination of Sample Size'; a detailed inquiry into computer applications in data processing and analysis through SPSS software; and a discussion about 'Hypotheses, ' along with examples. This book will prove a valuable guide for both academics and practitioners in the social work profession. The clear, accessible style will make this the ideal introductory text for those studying research for the first time. [Subject: Social Work, Sociology, Research Studies |
| basics of social research: Introduction to Social Research Tonell Calhoun, 2018-05-28 The present book of basics for the social researcher provides a sound and well-structured framework for the pursuit of serious and result-oriented research. It reiterates, in ordered and logical sequence, the steps that are required to be taken by the researcher so that he successfully plans, conducts, implements and concludes a plan of action for the study he decides on. From a discussion of the key concepts, the book guides the reader into the intricacies of the sociological methods, and subsequently the hypothesis, the research design, and the sociological data. It explains in clear terms the methods of data collection, namely, the questionnaire, the interview, the sample poll, etc. The author has not merely collected them from various sources and arranged them systematically but has also enlivened them with his interesting style of writing. The book is intended for the research scholar and academician in social sciences and will prove to be of great assistance in the methodology of research. |
| basics of social research: The Logic of Social Research Arthur L. Stinchcombe, 2005-07 Arthur L. Stinchcombe has earned a reputation as a leading practitioner of methodology in sociology and related disciplines. Throughout his distinguished career he has championed the idea that to be an effective sociologist, one must use many methods. This incisive work introduces students to the logic of those methods. The Logic of Social Research orients students to a set of logical problems that all methods must address to study social causation. Almost all sociological theory asserts that some social conditions produce other social conditions, but the theoretical links between causes and effects are not easily supported by observation. Observations cannot directly show causation, but they can reject or support causal theories with different degrees of credibility. As a result, sociologists have created four main types of methods that Stinchcombe terms quantitative, historical, ethnographic, and experimental to support their theories. Each method has value, and each has its uses for different research purposes. Accessible and astute, The Logic of Social Research offers an image of what sociology is, what it's all about, and what the craft of the sociologist consists of. |
| basics of social research: Designing Social Research Ian Greener, 2011-04-13 Designing Social Research aims to guide students and new researchers using everyday non-jargonised language through the jungle of setting up their own research study. Ian Greener provides readers an accessible combination of guidance on how to practically plan one′s research and understand the underpinning methodological principles that should inform the decisions we make about the methods we plan to use. This is the perfect starter book for anyone looking to design their own research project and make sense of and justify the many decisions that go into the research design process. The goal throughout is to enable students and researchers to assess the appropriateness of a range of methods and to get understanding of the strengths and limitations of different approaches to research. Greener highlights key debates in the field - both philosophical and practical - and presents them in such a way that they remain constantly relevant to research practice of his readers. Coverage includes: - Framing an effective research question/problem; - Examining the jargon of social research; - The links between theory, methodology and method; - The role of literature reviewing in research design; - Managing and planning the research process; - Sampling; - Qualitative designs; - Quantitative designs; - Mixed methods designs; - Data analysis. Designing Social Research will be ideal first reading for M-level students and undergraduates planning significant research projects for their dissertations. It will also be invaluable to first year PhD students considering how they will go about their research projects. |
| basics of social research: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods Mike Allen, 2017-04-11 Communication research is evolving and changing in a world of online journals, open-access, and new ways of obtaining data and conducting experiments via the Internet. Although there are generic encyclopedias describing basic social science research methodologies in general, until now there has been no comprehensive A-to-Z reference work exploring methods specific to communication and media studies. Our entries, authored by key figures in the field, focus on special considerations when applied specifically to communication research, accompanied by engaging examples from the literature of communication, journalism, and media studies. Entries cover every step of the research process, from the creative development of research topics and questions to literature reviews, selection of best methods (whether quantitative, qualitative, or mixed) for analyzing research results and publishing research findings, whether in traditional media or via new media outlets. In addition to expected entries covering the basics of theories and methods traditionally used in communication research, other entries discuss important trends influencing the future of that research, including contemporary practical issues students will face in communication professions, the influences of globalization on research, use of new recording technologies in fieldwork, and the challenges and opportunities related to studying online multi-media environments. Email, texting, cellphone video, and blogging are shown not only as topics of research but also as means of collecting and analyzing data. Still other entries delve into considerations of accountability, copyright, confidentiality, data ownership and security, privacy, and other aspects of conducting an ethical research program. Features: 652 signed entries are contained in an authoritative work spanning four volumes available in choice of electronic or print formats. Although organized A-to-Z, front matter includes a Reader’s Guide grouping entries thematically to help students interested in a specific aspect of communication research to more easily locate directly related entries. Back matter includes a Chronology of the development of the field of communication research; a Resource Guide to classic books, journals, and associations; a Glossary introducing the terminology of the field; and a detailed Index. Entries conclude with References/Further Readings and Cross-References to related entries to guide students further in their research journeys. The Index, Reader’s Guide themes, and Cross-References combine to provide robust search-and-browse in the e-version. |
| basics of social research: The Basics of Caring Research Satu Uusiautti, Kaarina Määttä, 2016-07-08 What is caring research and how to conduct it? This book defines the new concept of caring research as a combination of two perspectives. Caring research means research that aims to promote well-being. It is focused on a good quality of life, human strengths and active life, as well as characteristics and positive development in human beings that act as buffers against malaise and help coping with adversities in life. In addition, caring research cares for the researcher well-being. Caring research is conducted by people who share the passion and enthusiasm to influence positively and collaborate. Caring research includes the joy of working and researching together. Thus, caring research is manifested in the relationships between researchers, supervisors, students, and other experts, and their mutual open and respectful interaction. The Basics of Caring Research analyzes these two elements of caring research through several viewpoints that are to illustrate the manifold nature of caring research as positively-focused and positively-conducted research. The book also includes critical analysis of the current requirements and future challenges of caring research. The book serves as a text book in, for example, research studies in psychology and educational and behavioral sciences. Researchers and supervisors find it a useful tool to support their supervision of various academic theses. |
| basics of social research: Quantitative Social Science Kosuke Imai, Lori D. Bougher, 2021-03-16 Princeton University Press published Imai's textbook, Quantitative Social Science: An Introduction, an introduction to quantitative methods and data science for upper level undergrads and graduates in professional programs, in February 2017. What is distinct about the book is how it leads students through a series of applied examples of statistical methods, drawing on real examples from social science research. The original book was prepared with the statistical software R, which is freely available online and has gained in popularity in recent years. But many existing courses in statistics and data sciences, particularly in some subject areas like sociology and law, use STATA, another general purpose package that has been the market leader since the 1980s. We've had several requests for STATA versions of the text as many programs use it by default. This is a translation of the original text, keeping all the current pedagogical text but inserting the necessary code and outputs from STATA in their place-- |
| basics of social research: Fundamentals of Social Research Earl R. Babbie, Lance W. Roberts, 2016-11-14 The Fundamentals of Social Research, 4th Canadian Edition brings research methods to life for Canadian students. The text introduces students to techniques for testing the accuracy of different maps of social reality, in order to help them understand, appreciate and manage the social world that surrounds us. A lively narrative and pedagogy engages students, while building conceptual foundations, methodologies, and practical skills that provide a critical understanding of why social research matters in their academic and future professional careers. |
| basics of social research: Essential Mathematics for Political and Social Research Jeff Gill, 2006-04-24 More than ever before, modern social scientists require a basic level of mathematical literacy, yet many students receive only limited mathematical training prior to beginning their research careers. This textbook addresses this dilemma by offering a comprehensive, unified introduction to the essential mathematics of social science. Throughout the book the presentation builds from first principles and eschews unnecessary complexity. Most importantly, the discussion is thoroughly and consistently anchored in real social science applications, with more than 80 research-based illustrations woven into the text and featured in end-of-chapter exercises. Students and researchers alike will find this first-of-its-kind volume to be an invaluable resource.--BOOK JACKET. |
| basics of social research: Introduction to Quantitative Research Methods Mark Balnaves, Peter Caputi, 2001-04-10 Introduction to Quantitative Research Methods is a student-friendly introduction to quantitative research methods and basic statistics. It uses a detective theme throughout the text to show how quantitative methods have been used to solve real-life problems. The book focuses on principles and techniques that are appropriate to introductory level courses in media, psychology and sociology. Examples and illustrations are drawn from historical and contemporary research in the social sciences. The original CD-ROM accompanying the book and its content are no longer available. |
| basics of social research: Basics of Qualitative Research Anselm Strauss, Juliet M. Corbin, 1998-09-29 The Second Edition of this best-selling textbook continues to offer immensely practical advice and technical expertise that will aid researchers in analyzing and interpreting their collected data, and ultimately build theory from it. The authors provide a step-by-step guide to the research act. Full of definitions and illustrative examples, the book presents criteria for evaluating a study as well as responses to common questions posed by students of qualitative research. |
| basics of social research: Fundamental of Research Methodology and Statistics Yogesh Kumar Singh, 2006-12 The book approaches research from a perspective different from that taken in other educational research textbooks. The goal is to show educators that the application of research principles can make them more effective in their job of promoting learning. The basic point is that we do not have to stop teaching to do research; research is something we can do while teaching and if we do good research, we will do better teaching. This book includes most of the topics treated in traditional educational research books, but in a different order and with a different emphasis. The important content cons. |
| basics of social research: What Is a Case? Charles C. Ragin, Howard Saul Becker, 1992-07-31 The concept of the case is a basic feature of social science research and yet many questions about how a case should be defined, selected, and judged are far from settled. The contributors to this volume probe the nature of the case and the ways in which different understandings of the concept affect the conduct and the results of research. The contributions demonstrate that the work of any given researcher is often characterised by some hybrid of these basic approaches, and it is important to understand that most research involves multiple definitions and uses of cases, as both specific empirical phenomena and as general theoretical categories. |
| basics of social research: Doing Research in the Real World David E Gray, 2013-11-12 Available with free access to the interactive eBook* for 12 months when you buy the paperback version (ISBN 9781446295311 only), this is the companion for any student undertaking a research project. Click on the icons in the margins of the eBook to access a wealth of resources including: Video Content Chapter introductions and top tips from the author along with tried and tested open access videos on YouTube introduce you to key chapter contents Datasets Play around with real data in SPSS and put your statistics knowledge into practice Weblinks Direct you to real world examples to broaden your knowledge Checklists Guide you through a specific research process such as running a focus group or conducting an interview Further Reading Link you to a range of resources to deepen your understanding of a topic However you access the content the Third Edition guides you smoothly through the research process from start to finish setting out the skills needed to design and conduct effective research and introduces the reader to the reality of conducting research in the real world. It gives practical advice on how best to select appropriate projects, design strategies, sources and methods and provides the tools needed to collect, analyze and present data. Applicable to any discipline and firmly rooted in the practicalities of research there are new and exciting chapters on: - Using SPSS for quantitative data analysis - Sampling strategies in quantitative and qualitative research - Approaches to secondary analysis - Using focus groups - Ethnography and participant observation (*interactivity only available through Vitalsource eBook) Available with Perusall—an eBook that makes it easier to prepare for class Perusall is an award-winning eBook platform featuring social annotation tools that allow students and instructors to collaboratively mark up and discuss their SAGE textbook. Backed by research and supported by technological innovations developed at Harvard University, this process of learning through collaborative annotation keeps your students engaged and makes teaching easier and more effective. Learn more. |
INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL RESEARCH - University of Calicut
The aim of social science research is to find new facts or confirm and evaluate old ones. It aims to comprehend human behaviour as well as its interactions with the world and social institutions.
Earl Babbie The Basics Of Social Research [PDF]
The Basics of Social Research Earl R. Babbie,2005 This is a concise affordable applied paperback research methods text by Earl Babbie who defined how to teach the research …
FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIAL RESEARCH - University of Utah
In social research texts, the bulk of discussion and much of the terminology relate in one way or another to these four elements. What one often finds, however, is that forms of these different …
BASICS OF SOCIAL RESEARCH - Pearson
1 Doing Social Research 1 Introduction 1 Why Do Social Research? 2 Alternatives to Social Research 2 Authority 3 Tradition 4 Common Sense 4 Media Myths 4 Box 1.1 In the News: Is …
Basics Of Social Research [PDF] - cie-advances.asme.org
Understanding the basics of social research equips you with the tools to critically analyze the social world and contribute meaningfully to solving its challenges. From formulating research …
Social Science Research: Principles, Methods and Practices …
conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational …
Principles and Methods of Social Research - uoc.gr
This course aims at familiarizing the students with systematic and methodical investigating of social phenomena. By emphasizing the peculiarity of social phenomena as topics of scientific …
Foundations of Social Research - The Commonwealth …
Social research examines a society’s attitudes, assumptions, beliefs, trends, stratifications and rules. The scope of social research can be small or large, ranging from the self or a single …
The Basics of Social Research, 2013, 9781133594147, Cengage
s a succinct, straightforward introduction to the field of research methods as practiced by social scientists. Contemporary examples, such as terrorism, Alzheimer's disease, anti-gay prejudice …
Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative …
Basics of Social Research: Qualitative & Quantitative Approaches W. Lawrence Neuman Third Edition. You usually can test only a small part of a complex causal chain in a single research …
Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative …
Using clear, accessible language and examples from real research, this text discusses both qualitative and quantitative approaches to social research, emphasizing the benefits of …
Basics Of Social Research Babbie (2024)
Social research provides the tools to navigate the complexities of human behavior, societal trends, and the impact of social policies. This article unpacks the key concepts and …
Basics of Social Research, Third Canadian Edition - Pearson
Updated Canadian content focuses on real research examples from Canadian studies to make social research accessible to students, and to demonstrate how social research has real-world …
Methods of Social Research - College of Liberal Arts and …
“An elementary research methods course that covers the process of doing social research, including research design, data collection techniques, processing and analysis of data, as well …
PART I DOING SOCIAL RESEARCH - SAGE Publications Ltd
This book is a basic introduction to empirical research methods. It examines a range of methods that try to deal with primary sources of information about the social world – actual people and …
Paradigms, Theory, and Social Research - Northern Arizona …
Holographic Overview. Social scientific inquiry is an interplay of theory and research, logic and observation, induction and deduction—and of the fundamental frames of reference known as …
CRITICAL SOCIAL RESEARCH LEE HARVEY - Quality Research …
1 BASICS. 1.1 Introduction . This book is an illustrative guide to doing critical social research. It is not concerned with simply describing techniques of data collection that may be pertinent to a …
Chapter 10: Qualitative Field Examples of Field Research …
What are the major field research paradigms? Naturalism. Approach to field research based on the assumption that an objective social reality exists and can be observed and reported …
BASIC RESEARCH, ITS APPLICATION AND BENEFITS - National …
Basic research is an essential complement to mission-oriented research and development, which target specific problems or commercial objectives. Applied activities supply advanced tools …
Basics Of Social Research Qualitative And Quantitative …
"Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, 2nd Edition" offers a balanced and accessible introduction to the fundamental concepts and practices of social …
BASIC RESEARCH, ITS APPLICATION AND BENEFITS - Royal …
fostering breakthroughs in basic research by social scientists in economics, sociology, anthropology, psychology, and communication. Basic research may require significant time for …
THE BASICS OF A SOCIAL STUDIES FAIR PROJECT
THE BASICS OF A SOCIAL STUDIES FAIR PROJECT The development of every social studies fair project should consider these things: A. A topic B. A physical display C. A research paper …
Basics Of Social Research Neuman 2nd Edition
accessible to students and demonstrate how social research has applications in the real world. Themed boxes, new end-of-chapter questions, and easy access to additional content through …
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH: Purpose, Nature and …
Introduction to Research: UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH: Purpose, Nature and Scope PURPOSE, NATURE AND SCOPE Structure 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Objectives 1.2 Meaning of …
MAY VIEWS SOCIAL RESEARCH - WordPress.com
May 3, 2019 · SOCIAL RESEARCH ISSUES, METHODS AND PROCESS FOURTH EDITION TIM MAY SOCIAL RESEARCH MAY FOURTH EDITION Social Research Fourth Edition “This …
Basics of Social Research - GBV
Basics of Social Research Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches SECOND EDITION W. Lawrence Neuman University of Wisconsin-Whitewater Boston New York San Francisco …
14 - dl1.cuni.cz
Often, social data are converted to numerical form for statistical analyses. In this chapter, we’ll begin with the process of quantifying data, then turn ... data in order to attain research …
The Basics Of Social Research 7th Edition Free Download
The Basics of Social Research 7th edition basic goal of all social research is to gather evidence in order to answer questions about the After The Basics of Social Research 7th edition of the …
What is a Social Determinant of Health? Back to Basics
Journal of Public Health Research 2021; volume 10:2324 What is a social determinant of health? Back to basics Robert A. Hahn Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, …
Social Science Research Basics & Findings from NOAA’s …
Determining the most appropriate social science method depends on your research problem, research questions, and/or hypotheses. An example of a few qualitative and quantitative …
Social Research: Definitions, Types, Nature, and …
Social research is often defined as a study of mankind that helps to identify the relations between social life and social systems. This kind of research usually creates new knowledge and …
Essential Mathematics for the Political and Social Research
Essential Mathematics for the Political and Social Research JEFFGILL Cambridge University Press Lecture Slides, Chapter 1: The Basics. EMPSR Chapter 1, [1] Chapter 1 Objectives Give …
The Cambridge Handbook of Research Methods and …
efforts and cultivate a productive research career. First, leading scholars from around the world provide a step-by-step guide to doing research in the social and behavioral sciences. After …
UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS OF RESEARCH - Wiley
Understanding the Basics of Research Each day, we learn things from the news on the television, the Internet, the radio, and in the newspaper. Research is conducted on everything from a new …
Research Methods: The Basics - Batumi State Maritime …
THE BASICS Research Methods: The Basics is an accessible, user-friendly introduction to the different aspects of research theory, methods and practice. ... time, and is widely relevant …
SOC 8311 Basic Social Statistics - College of Liberal Arts
The Social Research Process 1.1 Ideas into Research Projects 1.2 Concepts in Propositions 1.3 Variables into Hypotheses 1.4 Observations into Records ... General Social Surveys …
Research Methods: The Basics - drrichardgreen.com
THE BASICS Research Methods: The Basics is an accessible, user-friendly introduction to the different aspects of research theory, methods and practice. ... time, and is widely relevant …
What are the three types of unobtrusive research?
Chapter 11. Unobtrusive Research In unobtrusive research, researchers do not have direct contact with people. Therefore, subjects' behavior are not affected by the research itself. …
Earl Babbie The Basics Of Social Research - Portal Expresso
text provides students with the necessary tools for understanding the basics of social research methods, and for applying these concepts both inside and outside the classroom. The Basics …
Basics Of Social Research (Download Only)
Basics Of Social Research The Basics of Social Research Earl R. Babbie,2005 This is a concise affordable applied paperback research methods text by Earl Babbie who defined how to teach …
RESEARCH METHODS - dspace.vnbrims.org:13000
THE BASICS Research Methods: The Basics is an accessible, user-friendly introduction to the different aspects of research theory, methods and practice. ... time, and is widely relevant …
SOCIOLOGY 352 (10868) METHODS OF SOCIAL RESEARCH …
whether research findings support stated conclusions. The first part of the course focuses on fundamental concepts in sociological research methods. The second part of the course …
Research Methods: The Basics - University of São Paulo
THE BASICS Research Methods: The Basics is an accessible, user-friendly introduction to the different aspects of research theory, methods and practice. ... time, and is widely relevant …
INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL RESEARCH - Rhodes University
Social research is a systematic and organised method to investigate a specific problem that needs a solution. It always takes place in specific social, political, and economic contexts. ... The …
Babbie The Practice Of Social Research - Washington Trails …
Jan 1, 2015 · issues that are important to a community. Babbie The Practice Of Social Research 12th Edition Allen … The Basics of Social Research Earl Babbie,2008 This thorough revision of …
Legal Basics- Social Security
2. To be eligible for Social Security based on their own work history, an individual must be over age 62, or meet the Social Security disability standard. 3. The rules surrounding Social …
Ebook Download The Basics Of Social Research 4th Edition
The Basics of Social Research - Earl R. Babbie - Google Books The Basics of Social Research; 4th Edition Synopsis: This thorough revision of Babbie's standard-setting book presents a …
Social Work Research - eGyanKosh
with social work research. The ultimate purpose of this book is building a knowledge base for social work theory and practice. While discussing the basics of research in social …
THE SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES ADVANCED …
The basics of Bayesian analysis, item response analysis, social network analysis, and meta-analysis are also summarized as the editors combine innovative methods and statistics to ...
The Basics Of Social Research By Babbie Earl R Cengage …
The Basics Of Social Research By Babbie Earl R Cengage Learning2010 Paperback 5th Edition Downloaded from blog.gmercyu.edu by guest SKINNER KHAN A Guide for the Bewildered …
Analysis of social theological basics of the Imam Khomeini’s …
Abstract---The present research aims to analyze the basics and principles of the social theology of Imam Khomeini’s movement concerning the social functions of religion.
Basics Of Social Research Babbie 6th Edition Pdf Free
Studyguide for the Basics of Social Research by Babbie, Earl R., ISBN 9781133936770 An Entry to Social Science Research Empowerment Series: Essential Research Methods for Social …
Social Psychology: The Basics - api.pageplace.de
has taught social psychology at undergraduate and MSc levels and supervised numerous PhDs. His research interests include social identity, bio-psychosocial approaches to behaviour and …
Social Security Disability
National Academy of Social Insurance | www.nasi.org | 48 Strengthening Workers' Risk Protections: Social Security percent since 2010, leading to a 5 percent decline in SSA staff.11 …
Basics Of Social Research Babbie 6th Edition Free , Earl R.
Oct 19, 2018 · The Basics of Social Research Earl R. Babbie,2017 Social Research Counts Earl Babbie,2012-01-01 Earl Babbie’s SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNTS covers the topics necessary …
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SOCIO-LEGAL RESEARCH
3. Socio-legal research gives a lead and moulds public opinion; 4. Socio-legal research is useful in framing new laws; 5. Socio-legal research is useful in finding root causes of crimes and …
Basics of Social Research 7th Edition Babbie Test Bank
4. Which of the following topics would a macrotheory be more likely to explain than a microtheory? a. The effect of the judge's instructions on jury deliberations b. The relationships between …
Introduction to Applied Bayesian Statistics and Estimation for …
the basics of the Bayesian approach to statistics (e.g., Gill 2002 and Gelman et al. 1995) and several that cover the foundation of MCMC methods (e.g., beginning with Gilks et al. 1996). …
Basics Of Social Research - wiki.drf.com
Basics Of Social Research Earl R. Babbie,Lucia Benaquisto The Basics of Social Research Earl R. Babbie,2008 This thorough revision of Babbie's standard-setting book presents a succinct, …
ESSENTIALS OF SURVEY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
1 LESSON ONE Basics of Survey Research OBJECTIVES • Describe what surveys are used to measure • Give examples of how surveys can assess change • Define “needs”, “assets”, …
The Basics Of Social Research The Basics Of Social …
The Basics Of Social Research The Basics Of Social Research: The Basics of Social Research Earl R. Babbie,2005 This is a concise affordable applied paperback research methods text by …
Qualitative Research Basics: A Guide for Engineering …
these two research approaches lies solely in the data; qualitative research is concerned with text or other non-numerical data, while quantitative research is concerned with numerical data. This …
Social Isolation and Networks - UW Departments Web Server
Social networks can also have negative influences, giving inaccurate information, placing too many demands on time. Children growing up in families without social support or negative …
