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Sports Psychology Questionnaire: Unlocking Peak Athletic Performance
Are you an athlete looking to push your boundaries? A coach striving to optimize your team's potential? Or a researcher exploring the mental game? Understanding the psychological factors influencing athletic performance is crucial for success at any level. This comprehensive guide explores the world of sports psychology questionnaires, explaining their purpose, different types, and how they can help you unlock peak athletic performance. We'll delve into the benefits, considerations, and practical applications of these valuable tools, providing you with the knowledge to choose and interpret the right questionnaire for your needs.
Understanding the Power of Sports Psychology Questionnaires
Sports psychology questionnaires are structured sets of questions designed to assess various psychological aspects related to athletic performance. These questionnaires provide a valuable window into an athlete's mindset, revealing strengths, weaknesses, and areas needing improvement. They are not just for elite athletes; they are beneficial for individuals across all skill levels and sports. The information gathered helps athletes, coaches, and sports psychologists to:
Identify mental strengths and weaknesses: Pinpoint areas where an athlete excels and areas needing targeted training.
Develop personalized training plans: Tailor mental skills training to address specific needs and challenges.
Monitor progress over time: Track the impact of interventions and measure the effectiveness of training programs.
Enhance self-awareness: Help athletes understand their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors during competition and training.
Improve team dynamics: Facilitate communication and collaboration within teams.
Types of Sports Psychology Questionnaires
Numerous questionnaires exist, each focusing on specific psychological constructs. Here are some key categories:
#### 1. Motivation and Goal Setting:
These questionnaires assess an athlete's motivation levels, goal orientation, and the effectiveness of their goal-setting strategies. They often explore intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation, and the impact of different goal types (performance, outcome, process) on performance.
#### 2. Anxiety and Stress Management:
These tools measure levels of anxiety, stress, and coping mechanisms used by athletes. They can identify anxiety-provoking situations and assess the effectiveness of relaxation techniques. Examples include measures of trait and state anxiety.
#### 3. Self-Confidence and Self-Efficacy:
These questionnaires assess an athlete's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations. High self-efficacy is often linked to better performance and resilience.
#### 4. Attention and Focus:
These tools measure an athlete's ability to concentrate, maintain focus, and manage distractions. They can identify areas for improvement in attentional control.
#### 5. Aggression and Assertiveness:
These questionnaires differentiate between functional and dysfunctional aggression, helping athletes understand how to channel their energy effectively.
#### 6. Mental Toughness:
These assess an athlete's ability to cope with pressure, adversity, and setbacks. This often involves evaluating factors like resilience, perseverance, and control.
Choosing the Right Sports Psychology Questionnaire
Selecting the appropriate questionnaire depends heavily on the specific goals and context. Consider the following factors:
Target population: The questionnaire must be suitable for the age, skill level, and sport of the athletes involved.
Specific psychological constructs: Identify the specific mental skills you want to assess (e.g., anxiety, motivation, self-confidence).
Reliability and validity: Ensure the chosen questionnaire has been rigorously tested and shown to be reliable and valid.
Length and administration time: Consider the time available for completing and scoring the questionnaire.
Scoring and interpretation: Choose a questionnaire with clear instructions and readily available scoring methods.
Interpreting Results and Taking Action
The results from sports psychology questionnaires provide valuable insights but should be interpreted cautiously. They should not be used in isolation but rather as part of a broader assessment that also includes observation, interviews, and performance data. The interpretation of results should be done by a qualified professional, such as a sports psychologist, to ensure accurate and effective feedback is provided to athletes. This feedback should then be translated into actionable steps to improve performance and well-being. For example, if a questionnaire reveals high levels of pre-competition anxiety, the athlete can be introduced to specific relaxation techniques and mental imagery exercises.
Conclusion
Sports psychology questionnaires are powerful tools that can significantly enhance athletic performance and well-being. By understanding the different types available and choosing the appropriate instrument, athletes, coaches, and researchers can gain valuable insights into the mental aspects of sports. Remember that using these questionnaires effectively requires careful consideration of the selection process, accurate interpretation of results, and the development of a personalized plan for improvement. This holistic approach ensures that the insights gained lead to tangible improvements in athletic performance and the overall well-being of the athlete.
FAQs
1. Are sports psychology questionnaires confidential? Yes, the information gathered should be treated with the strictest confidentiality, similar to any other medical or psychological assessment.
2. How long does it take to complete a sports psychology questionnaire? The time varies depending on the length and complexity of the questionnaire. Some can be completed in 15 minutes, while others may take longer.
3. Can I use a sports psychology questionnaire on myself? While self-assessment can be useful, professional interpretation is highly recommended for accurate understanding and effective intervention.
4. Are there free sports psychology questionnaires available online? Yes, some free questionnaires exist, but their reliability and validity should be carefully evaluated before use.
5. What if the results of the questionnaire reveal significant mental health concerns? In such cases, referral to a qualified mental health professional is crucial for appropriate support and treatment.
| sports psychology questionnaire: Directory of Psychological Tests in the Sport and Exercise Sciences Andrew C. Ostrow, 1990 |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Application of Psychometrics in Sports and Exercise (Penerbit USM) Hairul Anuar Hashim, 2019 A must read book for students and researchers who are unfamiliar with the principles and applications of psychometrics, but are using one in their research projects. There are practically hundreds and thousands of questionnaires available measuring diverse psychological constructs. Selecting, administering, scoring and interpreting the scores of those questionnaires can be a daunting task. Questions such as ‘which questionnaire to use? ‘how to score the questionnaire?’, and ‘what the scores mean?’ are some of the common questions posed by unfamiliar users of questionnaires. This book helps to familiarize readers with the basic principles and application of questionnaire. Drawing the examples from some of the most commonly used questionnaire in sport and exercise psychology, the book provides a step-by-step approach to address common questionnaire related errors in selection, administration and interpretation of the questionnaires. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Recovery-stress Questionnaire for Athletes Michael Kellmann, Konrad Wolfgang Kallus, 2001 Provides athletic specialists, trainers, and coaches with resources for monitoring athletes to avoid over-training, burnout, and decreased performance. The questionnaire is based on the hypothesis that an accumulation of stress in different areas of life, with insufficient opportunity for recovery, leads to a compromised psychophysical state. Stress states are based on 12 nonspecific and seven sports-specific scales. The questionnaire package offers tools to measure and track an athlete's recovery, including two complete questionnaires (72- and 56-item forms), manual scoring keys, profile sheets, and a user manual that describes questionnaire development and data and profile interpretation.c. Book News Inc. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport Imagery Questionnaire Craig R. Hall, Diane E. Stevens, Allan Paivio, 2005 Imagery, in today's world of sport psychology, is as vital and fundamental a part of an athlete's mental game plan as the physical training required for conditioning. With a widespread embrace of such a philosophy comes new ways to analyse and measure its performance among athletes. In 'The Sport Imagery Questionnaire: Test Manual' the authors assess athletes' use of imagery by proposing and outlining a specifically designed evaluation of its effectiveness, the Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ). The Manual is designed for sport psychologists, coaches, athletes, or anyone who seeks to understand or quantify the use of mental imagery in sport. Features: A 4-page reproduction of the Sport Imagery Questionnaire in an easy-to-photocopy format, complete with instructions and specific rating chart; A 'Scoring the SIQ' section to calculate imagery performance; A brief overview of the SIQ clearly and explicitly outlining its purpose and function; 3 comprehensive chapters dedicated to understanding imagery, explaining the methods involved in both developing and successfully utilising the SIQ, and the psychometric properties and normative data of the questionnaire itself. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Applying Sport Psychology Jim Taylor, Gregory Scott Wilson, 2005 Covering the five psychological areas considered to have the most influence on athletic performance - motivation, confidence, intensity, focus and emotions - this work provides a comprehensive approach to sport psychology. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Assessment in Applied Sport Psychology Jim Taylor, 2017-08-09 Assessment in Applied Sport Psychology is a comprehensive resource that offers both students and professionals the opportunity to hone their skills to help their clients, starting with the initial consultation and lasting through a long-term relationship. In this text, Jim Taylor and a team of sport psychology experts help practitioners gain a deep understanding of assessment in order to build trusting relationships and effective intervention plans that address the needs and goals of their clients. Part I of Assessment in Applied Sport Psychology covers topics such as the importance of assessment, the appropriateness of qualitative and quantitative assessment, ethical issues that can arise from assessment, and the impact of diversity in the use of assessment. Part II introduces readers to six ways that consultants can assess athletes: mental health screening, personality tests, sport-specific objective measures, interviewing, observation, and applied psychophysiology. Chapters in this section explain the strengths and weaknesses of each approach—for example, when traditional pencil-and-paper and observation approaches may be more appropriate than interviewing—and offer consultants a more complete toolbox of assessments to use when working with athletes. Part III addresses special issues, such as career transition, talent identification, and sport injury and rehabilitation. One chapter is devoted to the hot-button issue of sport-related concussions. Tables at the end of most chapters in parts II and III contain invaluable information about each of the assessment tools described, including its purpose, publication details, and how to obtain it. Chapters also contain sidebars that provide sample scenarios, recommended approaches, and exercises to use with clients. Assessment in Applied Sport Psychology works toward two main goals. The first is to help consultants gain a complete understanding of their clients through the use of a broad range of assessment tools. The second is to show consultants how to ethically and effectively use assessments to develop a comprehensive understanding of their clients, thus enabling them to assist their clients in achieving their competitive and personal goals. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: The Recovery-Stress-Questionnaire for Athletes Michael Kellmann, Wolfgang Kallus, 2001-05-30 The RESTQ-Sport questionnaire measures stress and recovery rates. It can be used for both applied work and research. The manual provides all the necessary psychometric data to judge the quality of the questionnaire and describes how the questionnaire was developed. The manual also explains why measuring recovery is important and how it can benefit an athlete, and gives the user the tools needed to measure and track an athlete's recovery. The CD-ROM allows the user to create a database of both individuals and groups. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Assessment in Applied Sport Psychology Taylor, Jim, 2017-09-08 Assessment in Applied Sport Psychology is a comprehensive resource that will help practitioners gain a deep understanding of assessment in order to build trusting relationships and effective intervention plans that address the needs and goals of their clients. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport Psychological Interventions in Competitive Sports Jürgen Beckmann, Anne-Marie Elbe, 2015-02-27 Sport psychological training, an important part of athletes’ preparation, can give them the final edge in competition. This book provides a systematic structure for conducting sport psychological interventions that can be followed not only by sport psychologists, but also by athletes and coaches. The authors describe sport psychological measures that are based on scientific knowledge and have proven to be valuable in their applied work. The book is divided into two main parts. Part 1 presents the basic structure for sport psychological interventions and Part 2 focuses on concrete interventions and training measures. Part 1 further addresses the importance of personality factors for sports performance, illustrates how an athlete’s personality development can be enhanced, gives basic knowledge about diagnostic tools, and discusses talent selection. The second part of the book describes basic training, which focuses mainly on relaxation techniques, as well as skills training, essential for the stabilisation of athletic performance. Maintaining a balanced recovery-stress state is particularly important for the avoidance of overtraining. The book illustrates how athletes’ stress and recovery levels can be monitored in order to prevent overtraining. Part 2 further addresses how critical situations in an athlete’s career (including, for example, conflicts, career termination, and injuries) are to be handled, presenting various impact interventions, including clinical hypnosis. The final chapter of the book presents a mental toolbox, giving the practitioner an overview that will help to quickly identify a problem, its possible causes, and solutions. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport Competition Anxiety Test Rainer Martens, 1977 |
| sports psychology questionnaire: The Athlete Burnout Questionnaire Manual Thomas D. Raedeke, Alan L. Smith, 2009 This test manual, the fourth in FIT's Sport and Exercise Psychology Test Clearinghouse, is a succinct and informative resource outlining the conceptual basis of the athlete burnout syndrome and its measurement. The manual delineates the process used in developing the ABQ and provides users with information on the meaning of scores derived from its use. Aspects related to the ABQ are presented in a comprehensive manner: Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ), along with the guidelines for administering and scoring it; Conceptual underpinnings of the ABQ, including an overview of the burnout construct and the operational definition used to guide item development, as well as a description of how the preliminary item pool was developed; Review of research using a within-network approach to examining the internal structure of the burnout construct based on the ABQ; plus a description of both internal consistency and stability of ABQ scores; Discussion of a between-network approach to construct validation by examining the relationship of ABQ scores to theoretically relevant variables stemming from stress, sociological, and motivational perspectives on burnout; Basic descriptive statistical information that can help users interpret the meaning of scores derived from the ABQ. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: A Critical Introduction to Sport Psychology Aidan Moran, John Toner, 2017-02-24 The new third edition of A Critical Introduction to Sport Psychology is the only textbook in the field that provides a detailed overview of key theories, concepts and findings within the discipline of sport psychology, as well as a critical perspective that examines and challenges these core foundations. Fully revised and updated, the new edition covers key research findings affecting both participation and performance in sport, including topics such as motivation, anxiety, emotional coping, concentration, mental imagery, expertise and team cohesion. In addition, the book includes a range of helpful features that bring the science to life, including critical thinking exercises, suggestions for student projects and new In the spotlight boxes that highlight key advances in theory or practice. A comprehensive glossary is also included, whilst a final chapter examines some new horizons in sport psychology, including embodied cognition and socio-cultural perspectives. Sport is played with the body but often won in the mind; that is the theory. A Critical Introduction to Sport Psychology is the definitive textbook for anyone wishing to engage critically with this fascinating idea. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport and Exercise Psychology Aidan Moran, 2004-08-02 Aidan Moran provides the first textbook to combine an explanation of the theoretical foundations of sport and exercise psychology with critical reviews of contemporary research, and practical suggestions for relevant independent research projects. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport and Exercise Psychology Aidan P. Moran, 2004 Annotation This textbook combines an explanation of the theoretical foundations of sport psychology, critical reviews of contemporary research and practical suggestions for relevant independent research projects. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: The Research Process in Sport, Exercise and Health Rich Neil, Sheldon Hanton, Scott Fleming, Kylie Wilson, 2013-12-04 What are the challenges and potential pitfalls of real research? What decision-making process is followed by successful researchers? The Research Process in Sport, Exercise and Health fills an important gap in the research methods literature. Conventional research methods textbooks focus on theory and descriptions of hypothetical techniques, while the peer-reviewed research literature is mainly concerned with discussion of data and the significance of results. In this book, a team of successful researchers from across the full range of sub-disciplines in sport, exercise and health discuss real pieces of research, describing the processes they went through, the decisions that they made, the problems they encountered and the things they would have done differently. As a result, the book goes further than any other in bringing the research process to life, helping students identify potential issues and problems with their own research right at the beginning of the process. The book covers the whole span of the research process, including: identifying the research problem justifying the research question choosing an appropriate method data collection and analysis identifying a study’s contribution to knowledge and/or applied practice disseminating results. Featuring real-world studies from sport psychology, biomechanics, sports coaching, ethics in sport, sports marketing, health studies, sport sociology, performance analysis, and strength and conditioning, the book is an essential companion for research methods courses or dissertations on any sport or exercise degree programme. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Handbook of Sport Psychology Gershon Tenenbaum, Robert C. Eklund, 2020-03-31 4. Auflage dieses Klassikers und führenden Referenzwerks aus dem Bereich Sport-, Bewegungs- und Leistungspsychologie Die vollständige neue Ausgabe des Handbook of Sports Psychology, jetzt in 2 Bänden und mit unzähligen neuen Kapitel renommierter Wissenschaftler des Fachgebiets, greift auf eine Riege von Experten und Wissenschaftlern zurück, die ihr Wissen nach dem neuesten Forschungsstand in diesem gründlichen und zugänglichen Referenzwerk zusammenfassen. Die Publikation wird auch von der International Society of Sport Psychology unterstützt und ist eine unschätzbare Quelle für theoretische und praktische Informationen, mit denen sich die Rolle der Psychologie im Zusammenhang mit Sport, Bewegung und Leistung besser verstehen lässt und die zeigen, wie dieses Verständnis für die Ergebnisverbesserung in der Praxis Anwendung findet. Die 4. Auflage des Handbook of Sports Psychology präsentiert in acht Abschnitten neue Informationen zu neuen Gebieten, wie Achtsamkeit, Hirnkartierung, Selbstbewusstsein, mentale Stärke, und behandelt Spezialthemen wie Geschlecht, kulturelle Diversität, Sportler mit Behinderungen, Alkohol und Drogen im Sport. Darüber hinaus werden klassische Themen erörtert, z. B. Motivationsauslöser für sportliche Leistungen, Druck als Ansporn, Topathleten und ihr Umgang mit Führungsrollen, Bedeutung von mentalem Training, Umgang mit Verletzungen u.v.m. - 4. Auflage diese einflussreichen Referenzwerks der Sportpsychologie. - Neue Inhalte, u. a. Achtsamkeit in der Sport- und Bewegungspsychologie, Ethik, mentale Stärke, Sportsozialisierung, Einsatz von Brain-Technologien in der Praxis. - Unterstützt von der International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP). Die 4. Auflage des Handbook of Sports Psychology ist ein Muss für Studenten und Praktiker, die sich für Sportpsychologie interessieren. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: "A View of Sports Psychology" Mr. Prasad Salian, Dr. Ashok Kumar & Mr. Jayashankar, 2023-10-13 Sport psychology is a science in which the principles of psychology are applied in a sport and exercise setting. These principles are often applied to enhance performance, however, a true sport psychologist is interested in much more than performance enrichment and sees sport as a tool for human enrichment. The sport psychologists are interested in helping every sport participant reach his or her potential as an athlete. Sport psychology is an exciting subject dedicated to the enhancement of both athletic performance and the social-psychological aspects of human enrichment. In simple terms sport psychology is the study of the effect of psychological and emotional factors on sport performance, and the effect of sport involvement on psychological and emotional factors. These psychological and emotional factors can be fine-tuned and learned which can have a positive effect on athlete’s performance in sport and his overall psychological and emotional makeup. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport Psychology in Sports, Exercise and Physical Activity Hilde Nielsen, 2021-10-20 Sports psychology is an interdisciplinary science for the purpose of increased participation in sports and physical activity to improve health and wellbeing. It addresses everything from optimal performance and wellbeing of athletes to developing mental and social aspects of participation to systemic issues associated with sports settings and organizations. This book introduces readers to topics within sports psychology with a special focus on motivation, behavior change, and personalities. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport Psychology Essentials Dave Collins, Andrew Cruickshank, 2022-03-15 Achieve the mindset of a superior athlete with Sport Psychology Essentials! This book is packed with research-based strategies for developing the mental skills necessary to reach your sport performance goals. Coeditor Dave Collins, PhD, is an expert sport psychology practitioner who has been a consultant to more than 80 world-class athletes or Olympic medalists as well as professional teams and performers. Coeditor Andrew Cruickshank, PhD, has also consulted with multiple elite teams and athletes, including world-class athletes and Olympic and Paralympic medalists. The coeditors’ blended approach emphasizes the importance of integrating mental skills training into a holistic training approach to achieve competition-day success. Sport Psychology Essentials will teach you to do the following: Practice your mental skills during physical training so you are prepared to bring an elite athlete mindset to the arena. Assess your athlete’s or team’s mental skills. Use advanced sport psychology techniques that fit your unique personality and lifestyle to improve motivation, confidence, imagery, self-regulation, and concentration. Enhance the performance potential of your team through leadership, team culture, and shared mental models. Implement plans for optimal team and individual performance using program development, motor skills training, talent development, and strategies to persevere through slumps and adversity. Success Story sidebars reveal how real-life teams, athletes, and coaches have succeeded in using proven mental training techniques. Learn foundational sport psychology concepts by exploring the scientific background behind mental strategies in athletic performance. Sport Psychology Essentials will help you unlock your sport performance potential and stay ahead of the competition. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Group Dynamics in Exercise and Sport Psychology Mark R. Beauchamp, Mark A. Eys, 2014-05-09 Can a better understanding of group dynamics raise individual and team athletic performance or improve the outcomes of exercise interventions? Much human behaviour in sport and exercise settings is embedded within groups, where individuals’ cognitions, emotions, and behaviours influence and are influenced by other group members. Now in a fully revised, updated, and expanded second edition, Group Dynamics in Exercise and Sport Psychology explores the unique psychological dynamics that emerge in sport and exercise groups. It provides a clear and thorough guide to contemporary theory, research, and applied practice, covering core themes and cutting-edge topics as well as highlighting directions for future research. The book is organised into five thematic sections: Part 1: The Self in Groups Part 2: Leadership in Groups Part 3: Group Environment Part 4: Motivation in Groups Part 5: Socio-Environmental Issues in Groups This new edition includes seven completely new chapters, exploring important emerging issues such as social identity, the family, co-ordination and shared knowledge within sport teams, the group as a vehicle for facilitating individual behavior change, social support and emotion regulation, peer leadership, and cultural perspectives in relation to group dynamics. No other book on group dynamics in sport or exercise offers such a close examination of the evidence base, and therefore Group Dynamics in Exercise and Sport Psychology is important reading for all students, researchers, or practitioners working in sport or exercise psychology, kinesiology, sport and exercise science, sports coaching, or physical education. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology Charles Spielberger, 2004-09-02 Encompasses topics including aging (geropsychology), assessment, clinical, cognitive, community, counseling, educational, environmental, family, industrial/organizational, health, school, sports, and transportation psychology. Each entry provides a clear definition, a brief review of the theoretical basis, and emphasizes major areas of application. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: New methodological, intervention and neuroscientific perspectives in sports psychology Antonio Hernández-Mendo, M. Teresa Anguera, Verónica Morales-Sánchez, Jose María Carames Tejedor, 2023-01-20 |
| sports psychology questionnaire: International Journal of Sport Psychology , 2006 |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport Psychology Nicholas T. Gallucci, 2013-12-04 Sport Psychology, 2nd Edition provides a synthesis of the major topics in sport psychology with an applied focus and an emphasis on achieving optimal performance. After exploring the history of sport psychology, human motivation, and the role of exercise, there are three main sections to the text: Performance Enhancement, Performance Inhibition, and Individuals and Teams. The first of these sections covers topics such as anxiety, routines, mental imagery, self-talk, enhancing concentration, relaxation, goals, and self-confidence. The section on Performance Inhibition includes chapters on choking under pressure, self-handicapping, procrastination, perfectionism, helplessness, substance abuse, and disruptive personality factors. While much of the information presented is universally applicable, individual differences based on gender, ethnicity, age, and motivation are emphasized in the concluding section on Individuals and Teams. Throughout, there are case studies of well-known athletes from a variety of sports to illustrate topics that are being explored. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Psychology in Sports Coaching Adam R. Nicholls, Leigh Jones, 2013 Have you ever wondered how athletes learn and make use of the feedback they are given by their coach, or how a coach could make his or her feedback more effective for athletes? Psychology in Sports Coaching has been written specifically for students studying coaching who want to improve their understanding of incorporating psychology into coaching practice. As such, it provides information on how coaches establish the psychological needs of athletes in order for them to provide psychological interventions, such as mental imagery, mental toughness training and coping effectiveness training. This book also provides the reader with information on enhancing the awareness of athletes and the relationships that occur between the coach and the athlete. It explains how coaches can coach children, adolescents, adults and athletes with learning disabilities. These groups of athletes have different learning styles, are motivated by different factors and prefer instructions to be administered differently. So, it is important that coaches tailor their coaching based on the athlete they coach, as this has the potential to enhance the performance and enjoyment of the players that are being coached. Essential reading for all students of sports coaching and sport psychology, and for practising sports coaches, this book will help develop and extend coaching expertise. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Measurement in Sport and Exercise Psychology Gershon Tenenbaum, Robert C. Eklund, Akihito Kamata, 2011-11-18 Measurement in Sport and Exercise Psychology provides a complete analysis of the tools and methods used in sport and exercise psychology research. Each chapter of this accessible text presents key measurement variables and concepts, including their definitions; an evaluation of the measurement constructs and tools available; and an explanation of any controversies in each topic. The text includes access to an online resource that presents 14 measurement instruments in their entirety. This resource also contains additional web links to many other measurement instruments. Drawing on their experience as leading researchers in the field, editors Tenenbaum, Eklund, and Kamata have selected a team of recognized scholars to bring both breadth and depth to this essential resource. By thoroughly examining each measurement tool, Measurement in Sport and Exercise Psychology assists readers in determining strengths and limitations of each tool and discovering which tools are best suited to their research projects. Readers will also gain critical knowledge to expand the field by recognizing opportunities for new methods of measurement and evaluation. The text begins with a historical review of measurement in sport and exercise psychology followed by a comprehensive description of theories and measurement issues. It provides detailed information regarding ethical and cultural issues inherent in the selection of specific testing protocols as well as issues in interpreting meta-analysis. This is followed by discussion of the commonly used constructs and inventories in three areas: cognition, perception, and motivation measurement; emotion (affect) and coping measurement; and social and behavioral measurement. Recommendations for researchers and practitioners included at the end of each chapter provide starting points for considering ways to incorporate chapter content into research projects and professional practice. Tables located at the end of each chapter summarize key information for quick reference and provide online sources, when available, so that readers can access each measurement tool. Original source information is provided for those tools not available online. Measurement in Sport and Exercise Psychology assists readers in evaluating the effectiveness of specific measurement tools. As the most complete and up-to-date directory of tools and inventories in the field of sport and exercise, this text offers a thorough explanation of considerations, controversies, recommendations, and locations for accessing these measurement tools. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Advances in Sport Psychology Thelma S. Horn, 2008 This third edition presents a thorough review of the literature and terminilogy in key topic areas. The clear explanation of potential research directions and the list of contributors make this a must-have book for students of sport psychology. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport and Exercise Psychology Stewart Cotterill, Neil Weston, Gavin Breslin, 2016-04-15 Sport and Exercise Psychology: Practitioner Case Studies focuses on the most current issues in the field, integrating research and practice to develop a coherent understanding of current knowledge, future research directions and applied implications within the field. This is the first book to include theory-based case studies for sport performance, exercise and skill acquisition in one publication. This text provides content that is directly applicable to those students wishing to enter the profession via various national accreditation schemes, in addition to providing chartered psychologists with a text that can directly inform their reflections of their own practice. Sport and Exercise Psychology is supported by an online learning environment that includes ‘talking heads’ videos for each chapter, further resources, questions and links to relevant external materials. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: The Routledge International Encyclopedia of Sport and Exercise Psychology Dieter Hackfort, Robert J. Schinke, 2020-04-14 The Routledge International Encyclopedia of Sport and Exercise Psychology integrates the topics of motor control, physical education, exercise, adventure, performance in sports, and the performing arts, in several important ways and contexts, drawing upon diverse cultural perspectives. More than 90 overarching topics have been systematically developed by internationally renowned experts in theory, research, and practice. Each contribution delves into a thematic area with more nuanced vocabulary. The terminology drawn upon integrates traditional discourse and emerging topic matter into a state-of-the-art two-volume set. Volume 1: Theoretical and Methodological Concepts is comprised of theoretical topic matter, spanning theories and terminology from psychology contextualized to sport and physical activity, sport psychology-focused theories, and expansive discussions related to philosophy of science and methodology. Volume 2: Applied and Practical Measures draws upon practical concepts that bridge theory and research and practice. Broader issues that extend beyond sport and physical activity participants are embedded within the entries, intended to augment physical, mental, and social well-being. This expansive encyclopedia is a must-have resource for all professionals, scholars, and students in the fields of sport psychology and sport science. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Physical Therapies in Sport and Exercise Gregory Kolt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler, 2007-08-22 Physical Therapies in Sport and Exercise provides a truly comprehensive source of the latest evidence-based approaches to the assessment, management, rehabilitation and prevention of injuries related to sport and exercise. Written by an international, multidisciplinary team of contributors, all of whom are leaders in their fields, it has been expertly compiled and edited by two experienced and well-respected practitioners from Australia/New Zealand and the USA. Fully referenced and research based International team of experts are contributors Applied/practical approach New chapters on Cartilage, Prevention of Injury, and Rehabilitation of lower limb muscle and tendon injuries Authors are world leading experts in their fields representing 10 countries |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport Psychology: The Basics Rhonda Cohen, 2016-02-25 This comprehensive and accessible resource can be used as textbook or a self-help book and is aimed at students, athletes, coaches, sport scientists or indeed any-one looking to enhance their performance, whatever their sport or activity. The psychological concepts may even be useful for those working in business. It covers the key topics in sport psychology, but also addresses current issues such as talent identification, mental toughness, risk taking, stress management, mindfulness, gender issues, sporting injuries and the use of social media. It contains examples from a multitude of sports around the world, and new developing areas such as strength and conditioning, extreme sport and combat sports. Recognising the importance for the reader to fully understand the topic in order to apply this knowledge, the book provides a comprehensive overview of each topic before presenting practical applications as well as recommending online resources. Every chapter focuses around answering key questions integral to each topic within sports psychology, helping the reader to progress in their understanding of the theory and learning how to apply it. Sports used as examples include: Football (soccer), rugby, tennis, cricket, motorsport, swimming, winter sports, weight lifting, martial arts, athletics (track & field), baseball, and American football. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: The Sport Psych Handbook Shane Murphy, 2009-08-10 |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Routledge International Handbook of Sport Psychology Robert J. Schinke, Kerry R. McGannon, Brett Smith, 2016-02-05 Contemporary sport psychology is a rapidly developing and theoretically rich discipline, and a sophisticated and challenging profession. The Routledge International Handbook of Sport Psychology offers a comprehensive and authoritative guide to contemporary sport psychology in all its aspects. Written by a team of world-leading researchers and practitioners from five continents, including both established scholars and the best emerging talents, the book traces the contours of the discipline of sport psychology, introducing fundamental theory, discussing key issues in applied practice, and exploring the most important themes, topics and debates across the sport psychology curriculum. Uniquely, the book presents comparative studies of the history and contemporary practice of sport psychology in ten countries, including the US, UK, China, Japan, Brazil, Russia and Israel, helping the reader to understand the cultural and contextual factors that shape international practice in sport psychology. As well as covering in depth the core pillars of sport psychology, from motivation and cognition to group dynamics, the book also includes a full section on cultural sport psychology, a vital but under-explored sub-discipline that is having a profound influence on contemporary theory and practice. With 56 chapters and unparalleled range, depth and currency, the Routledge Handbook of International Sport Psychology is an essential addition to any library with a serious holding in sport psychology. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Social Psychology in Sport Louise Davis, Richard Keegan, Sophia Jowett, 2024-01-22 This edited textbook offers a global perspective on research, practice, and future directions in social psychology in sport. Topics include relationships, communication, leadership, motivation, and morality. Readers gain insight into the interactions and dynamics that affect sport performance and the sport experience for youth and adult athletes and coaches-- |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Sport and Exercise Psychology Julia Schüler, Mirko Wegner, Henning Plessner, Robert C. Eklund, 2023-02-25 This textbook covers topics in sport and exercise psychology for students of psychology and sport science, as well as for sport practitioners who want to understand topics in sport psychology in more detail and depth. The book is divided into two main parts: Theory and Application. The first part covers the theoretical facets of sport and exercise psychology, and the close link between theory and practice, divided into the sub-disciplines of psychology (cognition, motivation, emotion, personality and development, and social processes). The second part focuses on the applications of sport and exercise psychology in the context of performance and health. With contributions from scholars across the globe, the book offers an international and timely perspective on the key fundaments of sport psychology. Taken together, these chapters provide a challenging yet accessible overview of the larger field of sport and exercise psychology. This book is suitable for readers at different levels of competence, supported with didactic elements (learning objectives and learning control questions) to find the right learning level. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations Frank R. Noyes, Sue Barber-Westin, 2019-11-05 The wealth of information provided in this unique text will enable orthopedic surgeons, medical practitioners, physical therapists, and trainers to ensure that athletes who suffer anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, or who require major knee operations for other reasons, have the best possible chance of safely resuming sporting activity at their desired level without subsequent problems. Divided into seven thematic sections, the coverage is wide-ranging and encompasses common barriers to return to sport, return to sport decision-based models, and the complete spectrum of optimal treatment for ACL injuries, including preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation. Advanced training concepts are explained in detail, with description of sports-specific programs for soccer, basketball, and tennis. Readers will find detailed guidance on objective testing for muscle strength, neuromuscular function, neurocognitive function, and cardiovascular fitness, as well as validated assessments to identify and manage psychological issues. In addition, return to sport considerations after meniscus surgery, patellofemoral realignment, articular cartilage procedures, and knee arthroplasty are discussed. Generously illustrated and heavily referenced, Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations is a comprehensive resource for all medical professionals and support staff working with athletes and active patients looking to get back in the game with confidence. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology Robert S. Weinberg, Daniel Gould, 2014-11-11 Please note: This text was replaced with a seventh edition. This version is available only for courses using the sixth edition and will be discontinued at the end of the semester. As the leading text in sport and exercise psychology, Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Sixth Edition With Web Study Guide, provides a thorough introduction to key concepts in the field. This text offers both students and new practitioners a comprehensive view of sport and exercise psychology, drawing connections between research and practice and capturing the excitement of the world of sport and exercise. The internationally respected authors have incorporated feedback from teachers and students to create a text that builds on previous editions, making the material accessible to readers. In-depth learning aids have been refreshed, including chapter objectives and summaries, sidebars, key terms, key points, anecdotes, and discussion questions to help students think more critically about applying the material. Other updates to the sixth edition include the following: • More than 40 new video clips integrated into the web study guide to better demonstrate the core concepts addressed in the book • Additional emphasis on hot topics, including mindfulness, cultural diversity, ethics and professional issues, and transitions in sport • New ancillaries to help instructors teach their courses, including an image bank, chapter quizzes, and more than 122 instructor videos • Updated references, including more contemporary sources The text provides students with a unique learning experience—taking them on a journey through the origins and goals, key concepts, research development, and career options available in the field—in seven parts that may be studied in any sequence. Following an introduction to the field, the text then shifts focus to personal factors that affect performance and psychological development in sport, physical education, and exercise settings. Situational factors that influence behavior, group interaction and processes, and the use of psychological techniques to help people perform more effectively are covered, as well as the roles psychological factors play in health and exercise. The final section deals with topics of psychological development and well-being that are important to both society and sport and exercise psychology, including children’s psychological development through sport participation, aggression in sport, and moral development and good sporting behavior in sport and physical activity contexts. The updated web study guide serves as an important learning tool to support the educational journey. With more than 100 engaging activities, it works directly with the text in guiding students to complete the related activities for each chapter and apply knowledge gained from the text. The study guide activities require students to do the following: • Use actual sport and exercise psychology instruments to assess their skills. • Determine how to respond to real-life scenarios (with short answers or essays). • Review research studies and experiments. • Search the Internet for relevant information. • Apply and test their understanding of principles and concepts of sport and exercise psychology. Many of the study guide activities offer compelling audio and video clips that provide an interactive look at how sport psychology consultants communicate with athletes and coaches to improve athletic experiences. These clips feature esteemed experts from the field discussing course concepts that they have studied and refined during their professional careers. To further emphasize practical application, portfolio activities can be integrated through a full semester, turning course units into a unified whole that builds upon itself for greater understanding of the field. To aid instructors, instructor ancillaries have been updated and expanded. The instructor guide, test package, and presentation package are now supplemented with an image bank, gradable chapter quizzes, and instructor videos, all available at www.HumanKinetics.com/FoundationsOfSportAndExercisePsychology. The updated sixth edition of Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology continues to ensure that students are well equipped to enter the field of sport psychology and are prepared for the challenges they may encounter as well as the possibilities. This text offers an enhanced and varied learning package to assist students in understanding the sport psychology field. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 6E Weinberg, Robert S., Gould, Daniel, 2014-09-22 As the leading text in sport and exercise psychology, Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Sixth Edition, provides a thorough introduction to key concepts in the field. This text offers both students and new practitioners a comprehensive view of sport and exercise psychology, drawing connections between research and practice and capturing the excitement of the world of sport and exercise. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Advances in Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4E Horn, Thelma, Smith, Alan, 2019 The fourth edition of Advances in Sport and Exercise Psychology provides advanced psychology students with a thorough examination and critical analysis of the current research in sport and exercise psychology. |
| sports psychology questionnaire: Routledge Companion to Sport and Exercise Psychology Athanasios G. Papaioannou, Dieter Hackfort, 2014-03-26 Written by an international team of expert contributors, this unique global and authoritative survey explores in full but accessible detail the basic constructs and concepts of modern sport and exercise psychology and their practical application. The book consists of 62 chapters, written by 144 contributors, deriving from 24 countries across the world. The chapters are arranged in nine cohesive sections: sport and exercise participants; the influence of environments on sport and exercise; motor skills; performance enhancement; building and leading teams; career, life skills and character development; health and well-being enhancement; clinical issues in sport psychology; and professional development and practice. Each chapter contains chapter summaries and objectives, learning aids, questions, exercises and references for further reading. Its comprehensive scale and global reach make this volume an essential companion for students, instructors and researchers in sport science, sport and exercise psychology, psychology, and physical education. It will also prove invaluable for coaches and health education practitioners. |
The role of psychological resilience and aggression in injury ...
Makarowski’s Sports Aggression Questionnaire was used. An injury report form was also created and applied to athletes. Results: The post-hoc tests (after running a single-factor multivariate …
ATHLETES™ ATTITUDES TOWARD SEEKING SPORT …
The purpose of the study was to create a questionnaire to identify underlying dimensions of athletes™ attitudes toward seeking sport psychology consultation. A total of 1138 athletes …
Psychology of Sport and Exercise - Self-Determination Theory
of motivation in sport, including the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) developed by Lonsdale, Hodge, and Rose (2008). By comparing the evidence presented in …
MENTAL TOUGHNESS QUESTIONNAIRE A USER GUIDE
Loehr, a leading sports psychologist, produced the first popular use of the term mental toughness. He defined it as: “The ability to consistently perform towards the upper range of your …
19-NU-0603-MISC Journal for Performance Psychology Issue …
recovery. Each athlete completed an informed consent, a sports injury questionnaire, weekly check-in sheets, and a follow-up interview approximately six months after competition ceased. …
The PASS-Q: The Perceived Available Support in Sport …
highlighted that in the sport injury literature the Social Support Questionnaire, the Social Support Inventory, the People in My Life Inventory, and a modi!ed version of the Support Functions …
Psychology of Sport and Exercise - selfdeterminationtheory.org
Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire (EDMCQ-C) Paul R. Appleton a, *, Nikos Ntoumanis b,1, Eleanor Quested b,1, Carme Viladrich c, Joan L. Duda a a School of Sport, …
Attitude Of Physiotherapists Regarding Psychological …
Physiotherapists and Sports Psychology Questionnaire (PSPQ) was extracted from study conducted by Monna Arvinen-Barrow to find physiotherapist attitude regarding psychological …
The Sport Mental Training Questionnaire: Development and …
Questionnaire not developed Zourbanos et al. 2009 self-talk Automatic Self-Talk Questionnaire for Sports (ASTQS) Williams and Cumming 2011 imagery Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire …
Impact of pre-competition anxiety on sports performance
Primary data collected through structured questionnaire and secondary data collected from newspaper and online journals. The study found that anxiety have significant impact on the …
The development of the Sport Commitment Questionnaire-2 …
The development of the Sport Commitment Questionnaire-2 (English version) Tara K. Scanlan a, *, Graig M. Chow a, b, Catarina Sousa a, c, Larry A. Scanlan a, Casey A. Knifsend a, d a …
Investigating mastery-avoidance goals using the achievement …
been theoretically challenged in the sports environment. For instance, the Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sports (AGQ-S) is used in the sports environment to measure ath-letes’ …
The Role of Self-efficacy on Performance of Sports Skills of
Another factor that contributes to the success of sports psychology is self-efficacy. Self-efficacy means sense of competence, adequacy and ability to cope with life, along with the term self …
Differences in the attitudes to sport psychology consulting …
athletes’ attitudes to sport psychology in team and indi-vidual sports so that we can identify and break down the barriers that explain such a discrepancy. By identifying the factors that …
Sport Psychology. - WJEC
Sport Psychology 3 B. Knowledge and Understanding Introduction Sports psychology is the study of people and their behaviours in sport. For both the athlete and coach this area is as …
Validity of the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire in …
Validity of the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire in sports and its links with performance satisfaction Sylvain Labordea,b,*, Fabrice Dossevillea, Félix Guillénc, Enrique Chávezd …
The Role of Athletic Self-efficacy and Athletic Perfectionism in ...
of the questionnaire was checked and confirmed by Sahraian et al. (2016). Moreover, its reliability was reported with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.97 and split-half method of 0.94. The …
Chapter 10 Psychological Issues in Sports Aggression - Springer
sports participation. (As part of an unpublished project, the author recently asked 525 students enrolled in introductory psychology courses several questions specifi cally tapping their belief …
Guidance for Researchers When Using Inclusive Demographic …
4 Department of Psychology, Texas Woman’s University 5 Department of Psychology, Utah State University 6 Social Sciences Division, Pepperdine University 7 Department of Psychology, …
The Psychology and Motivations of Sports Fans - ResearchGate
The Psychology and Motivations of Sports Fans . Phillip Bang. 1. and Paul O'Connor # 1. Don Bosco Prep, Ramsey, NJ, USA # Advisor. ABSTRACT .
Applied Sport and Exercise Psychology: Practitioner Case …
questionnaire validation process produced seven scales: Tolerance, Withdrawal Effects, Continuance, Lack of Control, Reductions in Other Activities, Time, and Intention. ...
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION: SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY …
HISTORY OF SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY . Sports psychology is a relatively young discipline in psychology. The first research labs devoted to the topic were opened during the 1920s and …
Development and validation of the Wheelchair Imagery Ability ...
3 Development and validation of the Wheelchair Imagery Ability Questionnaire (WIAQ) 4 for use in wheelchair sports. 5 6 7 Date resubmitted: 6th November 2017 8 9 Authors note: This paper …
Psychology of Sport and Exercise - selfdeterminationtheory.org
Validation of the revised sport motivation scale (SMS-II) Luc G. Pelletiera,*, Meredith A. Rocchia, Robert J. Vallerandb, Edward L. Decic, Richard M. Ryanc aUniversity of Ottawa, 136 Jean …
SPORT MOTIVATION SCALE-II IN ADOLESCENT ATHLETES: …
Several measures of sports motivation based on the SDT were developed, including the Behavior-al Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (Lonsdale et al., 2008), the Pictorial Motivation Scale …
Musculoskeletal physiotherapists’ use of psychological …
and sports psychology questionnaire (PSPQ). Aim of study was to investigate physiotherapists’ views of using psychology as part of their practice. 90 musculoskeletal (MSK) physiotherapists …
Sport Psychology - EOPCW
Psychology Concepts and Applications Seventh Edition Richard H. Cox University of Missouri–Columbia TM ... Sports—Psychological aspects. 2. Coaching …
The Psychological Skills Inventory for Sports: Correlation With ...
The National Honor Society in Psychology (Vol. 3, No. 1. 24-33/ ISSN 1089-4136). 'Faculty Supervisor ... competition than a questionnaire. In addition, age, depression scores, and …
Validity and usefulness of the student-athletes' motivation …
aimed to examine the construct validity of the questionnaire in a cross-sectional sample considering sex, sport level, the student-athlete status, and the type of university attended
Original Article Psychometric analysis of the sport imagery …
sports psychology. Several researchers have described imagery as a cognitive process, while others consider it to be a set of propositions, or explain imagery in terms of motivational …
The Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ): …
Questionnaire (BRSQ): Instrument Development and Initial Validity Evidence Chris Lonsdale,1 Ken Hodge,2 and Elaine A. Rose2 1Chinese University of Hong Kong and 2University of …
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPORTS AGGRESSION BETWEEN …
20 to 28 years. Sports aggression Questionnaire devised by Prof. Anand Kumar Shrivastava and Prem Shankar Shukla (1988) was used for measuring the level of Sports aggression of …
The BASES Expert Statement on Burnout in Sport
Questionnaire is a15-item questionnaire capturing the three symptoms of athlete burnout (Raedeke & Smith, 2001). Similarly, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Scale (Schaufeli …
Development of a Cohesion Questionnaire for Youth: The …
Dec 19, 2008 · sports such as hockey, soccer, basketball, football, volleyball, and rugby. It is possible that this lack of cohesion research has stemmed from the lack of a valid, reliable, and …
1MC1 - SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY UNIT – I – …
– Depth perception box – Kinesthesiometer board. Questionnaire: Sports Achievement Motivation, Sports Competition Anxiety. Psychological factors, Stress, Anxiety, Tension and Aggression …
Advancement of a Conceptual Framework for Positional …
6 Positional Competition in Team Sports Questionnaire (PCTSQ). A conceptual framework ... 17 been absent from the sport psychology literature. 18 Martens (1979) argued that constructs in …
A Comparative Study of Sports-Specific Personality Traits …
Sports psychology is a rapidly growing field that focuses on understanding how psychological factors influence athletic performance. One important aspect of sports psychology is the …
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Sport …
The new questionnaire, the Sport Psychology Attitudes - Revised form (SPA-R), was then administered to 379 United States, 234 United Kingdom, and 443 German athletes (M = 20.37 …
Development and Validation of the Sport Emotion …
JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY, 2005, 27, 407-431 ... 2005 Human Kinetics, Inc. 1Faculty of Health and Sciences, Staffordshire Univ., Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 2DF, …
Scale Description This scale assesses people's motivation for …
measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 17, 35-53. Note: To use this …
A comperative study of aggression level among contact and …
sportsmen were first of all provided to following Aggression questionnaire and they were asked to gi are included in the inventory to reduce the likelihood of an internal response set bias. ...
Sex Differences in Sports Interest and Motivation
Apr 27, 2015 · mode, namely sports. Sports are of interest because they occur in many societies, and sex differences have been explored by scholars from many fields, includ-ing law (Brake, …
Comparative study of aggression between basketball shooters …
G.C. Pati aggression scale questionnaire was administered. On the basis of test of population proportion (t-test) was used and the significance was set as .05 level. Aggression, shooter …
Leadership Scale for Sport (LSS) - WordPress.com
This research was conducted during the taught unit ‘Exercise Psychology – EXSC236’ and was supervised by Dr. Stephen Burke. Test Title: The Leadership Scale ... The Leadership Scale …
A Meta-Analysis of Perceived Locus of Causality in Exercise, …
context of physical activity is a Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ) developed by Mullen, Markland, and Ingledew (1997), and the Exercise Motivation Scale …
Canada-based sports chiropractors’ attitudes, beliefs, and …
Sports chiropractors’ attitudes and beliefs around sports psychology in the sports injury rehabilitation process was measured using an adapted version of the Physiother-apist and …
Mind Over Matter, The Development of The Mental …
Keywords: Sports psychology | Athletics | Mental Toughness | College Athletes . ... More recently, Sheard, Golby and van Wersch (2009) developed the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire …
SPORTPSYCH WORKS - APA Divisions
focus can be both internal and external, so too are distractors (Australian Sports Commission , 2008). • External distractors could be visual or auditory, and may include other competitors, …
Levels Of Perfectionism And Sports Burnout Among Student …
ascertained the level of sports burnout through the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire [8], a 15-item survey questionnaire which assessed the level of burnout, mainly in sports or athletics in the …
The Effect of Psychological Well-being on Athletic …
Charbonneau Sports Performance Questionnaire: This questionnaire was developed in 2001 by Charbonio. The questionnaire has five questions on the Likert scale and is designed to …
